I-Viljandi ithatha indawo yesikhombisa phakathi kwemizi yase-Estonia ngokuphathelene nenani labantu nendawo. Emlandweni wakhe, wabhekana nokuphakama okuphezulu nokuwa kwamanzi. Ngesinye isikhathi, iViljandi yayiyisikhungo esikhulu sokuhweba se-Hanseatic League, futhi eminyakeni eminingana kamuva kamuva yaqothulwa ngokuphelele futhi yahlukunyezwa isimo somuzi. Noma kunjalo, izakhamuzi zaleli dolobha eliseningizimu azizange zilahlekelwe ukujabula nokujabula kwazo. Amanxiwa asendulo aphenduka emigwaqweni ekhululekile, izakhiwo zomlando zabuyiselwa, idolobha libuyiselwe esihlokweni sayo. Namuhla, i-Viljandi e- Estonia iyakwamukela izinkulungwane zezivakashi, kubonisa ukuthi izinto zayo zibukeka kahle.
Imvelo ejabulisayo
Akumangazi ukuthi phakathi nesikhathi se-Middle Ages ehlubukile, kwaqalwa izimpi ezinonya phezu komuzi. Ngempela, itholakala endaweni enhle kuphela. I-Crystal emoyeni ecacile, izwe elincane elisezingeni eliphansi, elingasogwini lolwandle olunzulu olujulile, amahlathi amancane ama-coniferous. Ngaphezu kwalokhu konke ubuhle obukhulu, eViljandi kukhona nokukhangelwa kwemvelo eyenziwe ngabantu:
- ingadi "i-Arcadia" - ukuhamba isikwele enkabeni yedolobha ngamabhentshi amahle, emithonjeni nemibhede yemifula;
- ipaki yezinsimbi zomculo - lapha ungabona izithombe ezingavamile ezivela enkuni eqinile (umcengezi, i-accordion, ipayipi);
- I-Trepimyagi (Intaba ye-Staircase) - ukwakhiwa kwakhiwa ukuxhuma imigwaqo yedolobha ogwini lolwandle (izitebhisi zinezinhlaka ezingu-5 nezinyathelo ezingu-158);
- I-park ye-castle - ibizo layo ngenxa yokuthi iseduze nombono omkhulu weViljandi - i-Castle Castle.
Futhi eduze noViljandi Lake kukhona umzila wokuhamba ngezinyawo. Ubude bayo buyi-13.5 km, lapha ungakwazi ukuhamba noma ukugibela amabhayisikili, ngicabanga ngesithombe esihle kakhulu esiseduze.
Izakhiwo zomlando nezakhiwo
Isiqephu esidala kunazo zonke esakhiwe esakhiweni saseViljandi ngodonga olonakalisiwe lwenqaba ye-Order. Ukwakhiwa kwalo kwaqalwa ku 1224 ekude, kodwa ekugcineni indlu yakhiwa kuphela phakathi nekhulu le-XVI.
Inqaba yayizungezwe umgodi ojulile wamamitha angu-15, kwakunenkinga kakhulu kubavakashi ukuyifinyelela. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1931 kunqunywa ukwakha ibhuloho lokumiswa (ukuvuselelwa kokugcina kwenziwa ngo-1995).
Indlu enebhuloho akuyona yonke into ongayibona eViljandi. Kukhona futhi:
- umkhumbi wamanzi omdala wamamitha angu-30 ubude - kusukela ngo-2001 iminyuziyamu encane isebenze ngaphakathi, umbono omuhle ngokumangalisayo wedolobha uvula kusukela emgodini wokubuka (umbhoshongo uvule izivakashi kusukela ngo-May kuya ku-Agasti, ithikithi elidala libiza i-€ 2, ingane ibiza i-€ 1);
- isonto likaSt. John - lakhiwa ngekhulu le-XVII, libhujiswa futhi libuyiselwa ngokuphindaphindiwe, phakathi nekhulu leminyaka lama-20 laguqulwa laba yindawo yokugcina impahla, kodwa ngo-1992 yabuyisela umsebenzi wayo (ngoLwesihlanu nangomgqibelo ithempeli ayisebenzi);
- I-"Ugala" yaseshashalazini yindawo yaseshashalazini endala kunazo zonke e-Estonia, eyakhiwa ngo-1920 (inani lentengo yamathikithi yokusebenza yi-€ 16);
- IHholo LaseDolobheni laseViljandi - isiteji sokuqala esakhiweni selokhu sisinda kusukela ku-Viljandi ekupheleni kwe-Hanseatic League, umbhoshongo wewashi wagcwaliswa kuphela ngekhulu le-XIX, manje kukhona ukuphathwa kwendawo (ukungena kungenzeka kuphela ngokuhlelwa kwangaphambili nokuphathwa);
- isonto likaPaulus - lavela ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, njengoba isonto elilodwa labo bonke abafundisi beViljandi lalingenalutho (isonto livaliwe izivakashi ngoMsombuluko neMgqibelo);
- Umculo we-Riga folklore - wavuleka ngo-2008, kunamahholo amabili ekhonsathi, amakilasi kanye nesitolo lapho ungathenga khona ama-CD, izincwadi nezinsimbi zomculo.
Izakhiwo ezakhiwe ezakhiweni zaseViljandi ziheha ukuhluka kwazo nokuhluka kwazo. Kulo dolobha elincane ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezakhiwo ezinkulu ezinamakhulu eminyaka, nezibonelo ezithakazelisayo zenkathi yesimanje yase-Estonia.
Izikhumbuzo nezithombe
Abantu baseViljandi bahlonipha ngokujulile inkumbulo yabantu basekhaya, ngakho-ke kukhona izikhumbuzo eziningi kangaka edolobheni:
- isikhumbuzo sikaCharles Robert Jacobson - esiseTet Street, sinikezelwa kumuntu odumile waseViljandi, ummemezeli nomlobi;
- isikhumbuzo sikaMartin Klein - umdlali odumile owaba ngowokuqala owaletha indondo ye-Olympic e-Estonia;
- ukubunjwa okuqoshiwe okunikezelwe u-Augusta Maarama - iMeya edumile yaseViljandi ithathwe enkampanini yakhe inja ethembekile (isikhumbuzo siseduze nehholo lomuzi);
- isikhumbuzo sikaJohan Laidoner ngehhashi - umphathi wesikhulu samasosha ase-Estonia, owayenguMholi we-War of Independence (e-Tally Street);
- Isikhumbuzo sikaJohn Koehler eLosi Street - umsunguli wesikole sobuciko.
Mhlawumbe, indawo ephawulekayo edume kakhulu eViljandi e-Estonia yilezi zithombe. Kukhona okungu-8 kuzo zonke, futhi zitholakala kuwo wonke umuzi. Lezi zikhumbuzo ezingavamile zinikezelwa kumculi wendawo-naivist - uPaul Kondas, owaba udumo emhlabeni jikelele ngenxa yefilimu yakhe ethi "Strawberry Eaters".
Yini enye engayibona kuViljandi?
Ukuze sazise idolobha ngisho nakakhulu, sineluleka ukuthi uvakashele i-Viljandi Museum, eyabekwa ekwakheni i-pharmacy yangaphambili yedolobha. Izethulo zihlukene kakhulu futhi zifundisa kakhulu. Kukhona izilwane ezigxotshiwe nezinyoni ezihlala kulezi zingxenye, eziningi ezitholakele ezombusazwe zezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene, izingubo, imihlobiso yasendulo, ukuhlekwa kwezindawo zasemakhaya kanye nokuningi okuningi. Kukhona amahholo okugcina aseMyuziyamu, kanye nemibukiso yezingqikithi zesikhashana. Imyuziyamu ivuliwe nsuku zonke kusukela ngo-11: 00 kuya ku-18: 00. Ithikithi lokungena libiza i-€ 2, ithikithi lomndeni libiza i-€ 4, ithikithi lezingane libiza i-€ 1.
Ngo-2003, i-museum yavulwa ngokuzinikela emisebenzini nasemisebenzini yePaul Kondas eshiwo kakade. Itholakala e-Street Street 8.
Kukhona enye indawo eViljandi okuqinisekisiwe ukuvakashela - i- Guild of Craftsmen ku-Väike-Turu street 8. Lapha ungakwazi ukubuka umsebenzi wamakhosi ahlukene futhi uhlanganyele emakilasini enhle athakazelisayo, udala izikhumbuzo zangempela ememori, ezenziwe ngephepha, ingilazi , i-ceramics nezinye izinto. Izindleko zokubamba iqhaza emakilasini aphansi zibiza i-€ 7-8. Inhlangano ivulekile nsuku zonke ngaphandle kweSonto.