Lolu khetho olusebenzayo lokuqeda, njengokubhekene nelitshe, lunikeza indawo ephathwayo ubuhle bemvelo kanye nenhle yesikhathi esidala. Lezi zinto ziyasiza ukwenza indawo yokuhlala hhayi nje iso elimnandi, kodwa futhi nokuvikela izindonga zayo ekungcoleni, umswakama.
Ukubhekana nendlu ngetshe
Amatshe angokwemvelo asetshenziselwe ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo amakhulu eminyaka. Manje, ngaphezu kwemidwebo yemvelo, ukugqoka kwendonga ngetshe lokuhlobisa kuyathandwa, izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa kwangaphandle kwezingqimba , izinsimbi, izicingo, kanye nokuhlobisa kwangaphakathi kwendawo. Esimweni ngasinye ngabanye, uhlobo lwabo lohlobo olukhethiwe lukhethiwe, luhlukile ekuthunjweni, emkhatsini wombala, ukuma, ubukhulu.
Ukubhekene nesigcawu ngetshe
Izindonga zangaphandle ezakhiwe ngamatshe zihlala ziqinile, zisebenzayo, zibhekane ngokuphelele nemithonya yemvelo. Ukubhekana nesigcawu sendlu ngetshe lemvelo sigcizelela isimo esiphakeme somnikazi wendlu. Abathengisi banikeza ububanzi obuningi bobuciko obusendongeni yangaphandle - kusuka emathini abushelelezi noma emaceleni emilenze e-limestone kuya emabhuloki amakhulu ngensiza yokusiza. Ukubhekwa ngetshe le nto ikwahlukaniswa ngamacwecwe amakhulu nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene.
Ukuhlanganisa amatshe obukhulu obuhlukahlukene nobuciko kumhlobiso, ungafinyelela imiphumela emihle yokuklama. Isiqephu sendlu singasilingisa isitini esithambile, udonga olwenziwa ngamatshe asendle noma asekhulile. Ungasebenzisa ukwaziswa okufakelwayo, kuyabiza, futhi ukubonakala kwesakhiwo akuhlupheki ngalokhu. Amathayili adalwe ngesisekelo sokubunjwa, okuphindaphindiwe ngokubukeka nokukhululeka kwe-analog yemvelo.
Ukubhekana nalesi sici ngetshe
Emva kokwakhiwa kwesisekelo sezitini noma ukhonkolo, kufanele ivikelwe futhi ihlotshiswe, inketho ephumelela kakhulu yokuxazulula inkinga efanayo - ebhekene nelitshe. Kulokhu, okulandelayo kusetshenziswe ikakhulukazi:
- i-granite;
- i-marble;
- isihlonzi;
- i-dolomite;
- i-sandstone;
- i-shell rock;
- i-quartzite;
- shale.
Ukuze isisekelo sisebenzise ama-slabs amaningi, sinikeza isiphetho esiqinile, silondoloze isikhathi eside umbala nokubukeka okubonakalayo. Ukubhekana nesisekelo ngetshe lokufakelwa kuzodla kancane, ngoba imingcele yamandla ayiyona iphansi kakhulu kuneyokuqala, njengoba yenza ngekhonkrithi. Ngaphandle, itshe libukeka njengetshe lemvelo, lingalingisa umfula, idwala, namadwala aqinile. Uhlobo ngalunye lwezinto ezibonakalayo lutholakala kokubili kokubunjwa okuvamile nokungafani.
Ukubhekana nocingo lwamatshe
Izicingo ze-monolithic zidinga ukumbozwa ngezinto ezinhle, ezibhekene nelitshe kuyindlela enhle yalokhu. Uzokwenza ucingo lubukeke obuqinile, obuhle, bubukeke buhle phakathi kwezwe elungezile. Ukubhekana nelitshe lemvelo kusiza ukuhlobisa kokubili ucingo olusha, futhi ubuyekeze kabusha ucingo oludala, kodwa lusenamandla.
Kukhona inhlanganisela ehlukene yokuqeda - ngokuvamile isisekelo nezinsika zesakhiwo zihlanganiswe ngolunye uhlobo lwamatshe futhi luyifaka nge-spans kusuka kwesinye ukuthungwa. Lezi zinto zihlangene kahle nezitini, izakhi ezenziwe ngensimbi, ama-slabs okhonkolo. Izinto zokwabiwa kwebhajethi - igobolondo rock, i-sandstone, i-limestone - ithandwa kakhulu ngomhlobiso. Amatshe okufakelwa kahle ahluke kumbala wombala wombala omnyama.
Ukugubha umnyango ngetshe lokuhlobisa
Iminyango yokuhlobisa ngetshe elihlobisa ivikela izindonga ekulimaleni, ukugqoka futhi kuyindlela ehle kakhulu yokuklabisa kokubili izingxenye zangaphandle nezangaphakathi. Isayithi lihlotshaniswa ngokulinganayo phezu kwendawo yonke, ngokulinganisa emaceleni omabili ebhokisini, iphethini lenziwa ngomngcele oqhekekile, ingxenye engezansi yokuhlobisa ingenziwa ngaphezulu kakhulu kunaphezulu.
Ngokuvamile lo mhlobiso uhlanganiswa ngokuhlobisa izingqimba zezingqimba noma ingaphakathi lendlu, ezinye izingxenye zezindonga. Ukubhekana ne-arch ngetshe lokuhlobisa (okungukuthi, ukuvulwa ngaphandle kweminyango) kubheka okuhle nakakhulu, noma yikuphi uhlobo lokufunda lungatholakala - i-rectangular, oval, asymmetric. Ngetshe, i-plaster, ama-panels enkuni, izinkuni zihlangene kahle.
I-Flooring ngesiteji samatshe
Ingubo yangaphakathi ngetshe elingaphansi yilezi zindleko ezibiza kakhulu futhi ezidumile. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, kufanelekile izindlu eziqhamukayo nezindawo zokuhlala, ziphenduke zibe yindlu yangempela. Ezingxenyeni zanamuhla njengendlela yokumboza phansi isetshenziswa ebhekene nelitshe elinjalo:
- I-Marble, iheha ukuthungwa okukhanyayo, ubushelelezi, isahlukaniso esihle.
- I-Granite, inesithombe se-grainy.
- I-travertine, ine-texture opaque, i-palette - kusukela eshlabathini kuze kube mnyama.
- I-slate, ihlelwe kahle-nge-surface engalingani.
- I-onyx, impahla eguquguqukayo enezinwele ezimnandi ezincane.
Zihlukile ezindaweni zabo zokuhlobisa kanye nezici zokusebenza - porosity, amandla. Uhlobo olubi kakhulu lomhlobiso - obunamatshe obuningi ngetshe ngendlela yamaphetheni, imihlobiso ye-geometri noma yezimbali. Imininingwane yesithombe inqunywe kumathuluzi omshini, ihlanganiswe phansi, ihlanganisiwe, ipholile, ihlanganiswa ngeziqephu ezikhethekile zamakhemikhali okwandisa ukumelana nokugqoka kwengubo.
Ukuhlobisa indawo yomlilo ngetshe elihlobisa
Indawo yomlilo ithandwa ngetshe, ngoba impahla enjalo inezinga eliphakeme lokuzinza ngokomzimba, ukubhekana nemithwalo enzima nokushisa okuphezulu, ayigcwalisi umoya nge-toxin. Ngosizo lwezinto zokuhlobisa, kungenzeka ukucubungula izindawo ezingenakutholakali emgodini, ukuhlanganiswa okukhulu kwezakhi ezenziwe ngomumo kunciphisa ubuningi bama-curvature namagumbi esakhiweni.
Izinto zokwakheka kwemvelo zokuhlobisa indawo, okusetshenziselwa ukudayiswa kwemabula, i-granite nezinketho ezishibhile - isisekelo se-sandstone, i-limestone, isitofu, okunikeza ukushisa okuhle. Indawo yomlilo iqedile ngetshe lokufakelwa elenziwe ngamakhemikhali asekelwe ngamakhemikhali agcwele ubumba bemvelo noma ubumba obunwetshiwe. It is texture ezahlukene nombala, okusiza ukwakha design eyingqayizivele for the hearth.
Ukubhekana nesitofu endaweni yokugeza ngamatshe
Ukuze uqedele lo mbhangqwana ukhethe izinto ezingakwazi ukuqoqa futhi zinike ukushisa. Emakhophi wokusetshenziswa okubekwa ngobukhulu obuhlukile - ngezansi beka elikhulu, ngenhla - encane. Ukubhekana nesilwane semvelo samatshe ekugeza - izinhlobo ezidumile:
- I-Talcochloride, lapho ishisa, ikhulula ama-enzyme enempilo.
- IJadeite, engabizi kakhulu, lapho ishisa, inomphumela omuhle ekucindezelekeni.
- I-Quartzite, ehlala isikhathi eside, inemithunzi eminingi enhle.
- I-porphyrite, isikhathi eside igcina ukushisa okuphezulu ekamelweni le-steam, linezindawo zokuphulukisa.
- I-Diabase, ine-absorption yamanzi ebuthakathaka, ivumela ukukhiqiza inqwaba ye-steam.
Ukubhekana nelitshe lokuhlobisa
Ukubhekene nesibhakabhaka kanye nokufakwa ngaphakathi kwezindlu ngamapaneli ngaphansi kwetshe noma i-analogue yemvelo ethandwa ngenxa yemvelo yemvelo, amandla ayo nokuthembeka. Lokhu kungaba, njengokuqedela okuphelele, nokufakwa kweziqephu zayo. Ngaphambi kokugqoka kuyadingeka ukunquma uhlobo lwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukuthungwa kwalo nombala, ukuza nezinketho zokuhlanganisa ubumbano nezinye izakhiwo.
Ukubhekana nelitshe lemvelo
Ukubhekwa okunamandla kwesigcawu ngamatshe angokwemvelo kungenziwa okuqhubekayo noma okuyingxenye, uma ezinye izakhi zesakhiwo zifakwe - ukuvuleka, izingqimba, amafasitela, amatshe, amabhaluni, amakholomu. Ukuze wenze izindonga zibukeke njengezinhle, ungasebenzisa kokubili izinto ezingokwemvelo ezingaphenduliwe ngendlela "yamathayili" asendle, futhi aphuziziwe, aphethwe. Izinhlobo ezidumile zetshe lemvelo:
- I-Granite, isakhiwo se-granular, i-palette enamandla, enombala - obomvu, obomvu, obuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. I-Granite ifakwe kahle, inganikwa noma yikuphi ukuma.
- I-Gabbro, idwala elihlutshiwe, linombala webala kusuka ku-gray-green kuya kumnyama. Ipholile ithola ukujula okuhle.
- I-Porphyry, inezinhlobo zamaminerali - amakristalu. Lezi zinto zihlobisa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ebomvu noma zibomvu umbala wazo.
- I-Quartzite, ihlala isikhathi eside, imelana nesithwathwa, ifakwe kahle. Umbala - ompunga, obomvu, ophuzi, i-cherry yokuhlobisa kakhulu.
- I-Marble, ine-mottled, i-moire pattern, i-polishing ibonisa ukujula nokubala kwayo (kumhlophe, kumhlophe, kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuluhlaza, okubomvu).
Ukubhekana nelitshe lasendle
Ukwenza ikhaya libukeke njengesakhiwo esidala kusukela eNkathini Ephakathi, ukubhekwa kwendlu ngetshe lasendle kuyasetshenziswa. Lezi zinto, ezidalwe ngokwemvelo ngokwazo, zinamakhokithi aphezulu okuqina, ayesabi imvula noma umoya. It has a scheme umbala ocebile, okuyinto evumela ukudala inhlanganisela eyingqayizivele lapho ukuhlobisa izindonga - ukuhlanganisa it plaster, izitini noma aqoshiwe tile.
Amatshe asendle akhiwa ngamatshe amakhulu amatshe ahlukana abe izingcezu ezincane. Zonke izingcezu zinezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu nobujamo obubanzi, emaphethelweni ahlambulukile, endaweni engavamile nokungalingani. Esigodini esinjalo ngeke kube khona ngisho namatshe amabili afanayo - ahluke komunye nomunye. Ukuqeda ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamatshe - i-marble, i-granite, igobolondo rock, i-sandstone, i-slate, i-dolomite.
Ukubhekana nelitshe eliqothukile
Amatshe agwetshiwe angokwemvelo yizinto ezihlukaniswe zibe yizicucu zesimo esingenasici esingaphansi kwesigxobo esingaphansi, ingxenye yangaphambili inesimo somzimba esiyinkimbinkimbi noma esiyinkimbinkimbi, ukuthungwa okungalingani. Amapulangwe alolu hlobo musa ukugaya futhi ungagaya. Ngenxa yalokho, ukubhekwa kwezindonga ngetshe lokuhlobisa, isicabha sendlu, umcibisholo, ikholomu noma enye into engaphakathi kuyobukeka njengengxenye yenkathi yasendulo, inqaba yasendulo noma idwala edwaleni.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe umphumela, ukukhethwa kwamatshe aqoshiwe ahlukahlukene, ukuhlangana phakathi kwawo kufana nokuqhekeka okubuhlungu edwaleni. Lolu hlelo ngaphansi kwezinsuku zakudala luyisimo samanje sokwakhiwa kwangaphakathi. Ukuqeda ukugqama kuvame ukusetshenziswa emalungiselelweni okulala, amakamelo okuhlala, amakhishi, amahholo. Ibukeka ngokucophelela nge-oak phansi, ifenisha yezinkuni, ukuhlobisa ukuhlobisa, imishayo ephahleni.
Ukubhekana nelitshe leDagestani
Kumele wazi ukuthi iqembu lonke lamatshe angokwemvelo okuthiwa i-shell rock, i-dolomite, i-limestone ne-sandstone kuthiwa itshe leDagestani, elithungwa endaweni ye-Dagestan. Ukuhlobisa imibala - kusuka emhlophe nasesihlabathini kuya obomvu nokumpunga. Amathayili angaba nesakhiwo esicwebezelayo nesimo sokuphumula. Le ndaba ibhekwa ukuqhuma okuphezulu kwe-vapor, ukuthungela okuhle nokushisa okuhle.
Ukubhekana nendlu ngetshe leDagestani kubheka okuhloniphekile futhi kukhuluma ngokusebenza kwabanikazi, nakuba izindleko zazo zincane kakhulu - ngezinto ezingabizi, ungathola umphumela omangalisayo. Esigubungwini sisebenzisa kakhulu inhlanganisela yemikhakha ehlukahlukene, ngokusebenzisa ukuhlukana kunika izici ezinhle zokwakha zesakhiwo.
Ukubhekana nethe lokufakelwa
Izinto zokwemvelo ziyabiza futhi zidinga umsebenzi omningi, ngoba ukubhekene namadonga ngamatshe okufakelwayo kuyaziwa kakhulu. Akubukeli okubi nakakhulu kunemvelo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala kuhloniphekile futhi kukhanya, kusebenza isikhathi eside, kunamandla amakhulu, imingcele emihle yokuvikelwa nokumelana nanoma yisiphi isimo sezulu. Le ndaba ilula ukuhlanza nokuhlanza.
Ukulingiswa okudumile kwezinto ezinjalo zemvelo njenge-sandstone nezinhlobonhlobo zayo, i-granite, i-limestone, zikhiqizwa ngesimo sezinto ezijwayelekile noma ezingalingani. Ukuhlobisa ngamatshe okuhlobisa kuyonciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwezinto zokukhipha izihlahla, kunciphisa umthwalo ezindongeni nasesisekelo sakhiwo. Abakhiqizi bakhiqiza izakhi ezihlukahlukene zokugqoka - izinyathelo, izingxenye ezizungezile, izakhiwo ezinezimbobo zamajoyina, ebbs, okulula ukwenza noma yikuphi ukuphakama okuphezulu.