Izimangaliso zemvelo!
Izindawo ezikhangayo kakhulu emhlabeni ziyizintaba nolwandle. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ukuthandwa kunqotshwa ngamagumbi agcwele amanzi noma cha. Lapha ziqoqa izimbobo ezingavamile kakhulu emhlabeni, ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene zithole udumo.
1. I-Great Blue Hole, eBelize
Enye yezindawo ezithandwa kakhulu zokudibela ezokungcebeleka yi-Great Blue Hole, edume ngumbhali waseFrance uJacques-Yves Cousteau. Nguye owokuqala wehla emgodini, eqhathanisa ukujula kwayo (120 m) nokuthola ekujuleni kwenqubo yamapango ane-stalactites amakhulu. Ngokuvamile umgodi ojikelezayo onamamitha angaba ngu-300 ububanzi buyi-karst yamapulangwe okwakhiwa ngesikhathi sokugcina kweqhwa. Lapha akukho ama-corals nezinhlobo zama-sharks ezinonya, ngakho-ke, naphezu kwebanga elide elivela empucuko (96 km ukuya edolobheni eliseduze), i-Great Blue Hole ithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabathandekayo bemidanso.
2. Inkazimulo ye-Hole, iDamontello Dam, California
Idamu leMonticello, elakhiwe endaweni yesigodi esingaziwayo, idumile hhayi ngobukhulu bayo, kodwa okokuqala, kube ngumngcele omkhulu kunawo wonke wokulahla amanzi. Njengoba ububanzi obungamamitha angu-21, idlula ama-cubic amamitha angu-1370 ngomzuzwana, okuvumela ukugcina izinga eliphezulu lamanzi ngesikhathi semvula. Edameni zonke izinyathelo zokuphepha ezicatshangelwayo zithathwa ukuze zivimbele abantu ukuthi bangazitholi eduze nomngcwabo.
3. I-Karst umcibisholo woLwandle Olufile, u-Israyeli
Ukwanda komphakathi kanye nentuthuko yemboni yamakhemikhali yizona zizathu eziyinhloko zokubonakala kwehluleka okukhulu ogwini lolwandle olufile, ensimini ye-Ein Gedi National Park. Okwamanje kunezinhlaka ezingaphezu kuka-3 000 kuphela ezaziwayo, nokuthi bangaki babo ngempela - akekho owaziyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani labo liyaqhubeka landa. Ochwepheshe bathi lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekunciphiseni okukhulu kweLwandle Olufile (cishe 1 m ngonyaka), kubangelwa izizathu eziningana, okuyinhloko lapho kusetshenziswe khona umthamo omkhulu wokudla olwandle - uMfula iJordani - ekuthuthukiseni isifunda eseningizimu futhi njengomthombo omkhulu wamanzi okuphuza endaweni egcwele kakhulu izwe. Amaqabunga amanzi anamanzi, kanye namanzi amanzi aphuma emanzini aphansi komhlaba, ahlukanisa izakhi zosawoti, ngenxa yalokho okushiya phansi phansi, okuholela ekuhlulekeni. Ubukhulu beminye emangalisa - emngceleni owodwa onjalo ungafaniswa nesakhiwo esinezintfu eziyisishiyagalolunye.
4. "Isihogo", e-China
Enye yezindawo ezithakazelisayo kunazo zonke emhlabeni ukucindezeleka kwemvelo okukhulu kunazo zonke iTianken Xiaozha, esesinye sezifundazwe eziphakathi kweChina. Ubukhulu bokudibanisa buyamangalisa: 626 m ubude, 537 m ububanzi, futhi kusuka ku-511 kuya ku-662 m ngokujula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-funnel inezindonga ezinkulu, okusebenza njengento eyengeziwe ekhangayo kubantu abavakashile kakhulu. Ngenye yezindonga ezinamathela ekwakheni isitebhisi, izinyathelo ezingu-2800 eziholela ekugcineni. Umfula ongaphansi komhlaba onobude obuyi-8.5 km ugijima ngaphansi komngcele we-karst, oza phezulu lapha kuphela. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi "ngaphansi komhlaba" kwakhiwa eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezingu-129 ezidlule ezaziwa kakhulu kubahlali bendawo, ososayensi kanye nomphakathi owaziwa kulo mcimbi wemvelo omangalisayo kuphela ngo-1994 ngenkathi kusetshenzwa izindawo ezintsha zokucwaninga yizikhulumi zeBrithani.
5. Ukuhluleka kweBrimma, Oman
Le ndawo iphawuleka ngobuhle bayo nobuhle bayo, ngakho-ke akumangazi ukuthi kubangele izivakashi eziningi. Isitsha esimangalisa se-limestone sigcwele amanzi ahlanzekile asemabluish, angabonakala ngaphandle kwezithombe. Amagunya kamasipala anqume ukushintsha ukwehluleka kube epaki yamanzi ukuheha abathandi basekhaya nabangaphandle ukuba badonse endaweni enhle kakhulu.
6. Bingham Canyon, Utah, United States
Okungaziwa kangcono njengedijithali ye-Kennecott yethusi, leli quarry elikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni liseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeSalt Lake City. Ubukhulu bayo buyinkimbinkimbi: cishe u-1 km ububanzi nobubanzi obuyi-4 km! Uma izakhiwo ezimbili zombuso we-Empire State Building zikhonjwe phezulu, ngeke zifinyelele phezulu emgodini kusukela phansi komgodi. Idiphozi, etholakale eminyakeni engu-110 edlule, isebenza, ihlinzeka ngamathani angu-450 ngosuku.
7. I-Blue hole Dean, i-Bahamas
Umgodi wesibili ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka emhlabeni wonke usetshonalanga nedolobha laseClarence eLong Island. Nakuba iningi lalezi zindawo zemvelo zingaphansi kwamamitha angaba ngu-100, imbobo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yeDean idlula leli pharamitha ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili, ishiya phansi ngaphansi kwe-202 m. Ihlukaniswa isakhiwo esingavamile: sibe nobubanzi buka-25-35 m eduze nendawo, ukucindezeleka kukhula ngokujulile nangokujulile Amamitha angu-20 afinyelela ububanzi obungamamitha ayi-100, okwenza uhlobo lwe-dome. Ethandwayo phakathi kwabathandi be-deep-sea diving ne-scuba diving, imbobo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka seDean, noma kunjalo, idume phakathi kwabantu: kuthiwa indalo yayo yayingekho ngaphandle kwempi embi, kanti abantu abangenandaba bangakwazi ukungena kalula echibini elimnyama.
8. "Gates of Hell", eTurkmenistan
Lesi sikhala, kufana nesimo sefilimu ye-catastrophe, esinamaphesenti angama-60 nobubanzi obungama-20 m, sesishiswe iminyaka engu-45 kakade. Konke kwaqala ngo-1971, lapho izazi ze-geologist zithola indawo engaphansi komhlaba. Lapho ukuqhuma kuqala, abathuthukisi bahlangana nomgwaqo ongaphansi komhlaba, ngenxa yalokho yonke imishini, kuhlanganise ne-rig, yawela ngaphansi komhlaba, futhi igebe lagcwala igesi. Izazi ze-geologists azizange zicabange noma yini engcono kunokuba isetshenziswe kanjani umlilo ukuze igcine umsebenzi. Kwacatshangwa ukuthi izoshisa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, sekuyiminyaka engu-45 sekukhona, futhi umlilo ngeke uphele. Ingqikithi yonke ye-crater ihlanganiswe nezibani ezihlukahlukene, ezinye zazo zifinyelela ku-10-15 m.
Ngomcwaningi waseCanada waseGeorge uGeorge Coronis wehlela ukuwela phansi phansi, lapho athola khona amabhaktheriya angenakwenzeka kwenye indawo emhlabeni, futhi azizwa kahle kulolu lwangabi lomlilo.
9. I-Big Hole, eNingizimu Afrika
I-quarry enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, evuliwe ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwemishini, yayisiyinsimu edayimani ecebile kakhulu yaseKimberley, manje iphelile. Phakathi kuka-1866 no-1914, abavukuzi abangu-50 000 bashaya amathani ayizigidi ezingu-22.5 zenhlabathi ngamafosholo kanye nama-pickaxes, okhipha ama-kilogram angu-2 722 amadayimani angama 14.5 million carats. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwakhiwa i-quarry enobubanzi obungamamitha angu-463 nobubanzi obungamamitha angu-240. Manje phansi kwe-quarry igcwele ngamanzi angama-40 m.
10. "Ukuhluleka kukaDeveli", eTexas, eU.SA
Umgodi oqhekekile olinganiselwa ku-12 kuya ku-18 m uvula ukungena kwehholo elikhulu elingaphansi komhlaba eliya ngaphansi kwamamitha angu-122. Emhumeni kukhona inkolo yezilwane ezindizayo ezindizayo emhlabeni - amalulwane aseBrazilian fold type. Lezi zilwane ezincane cishe ubude obuyi-9 cm futhi ezilinganisa 15 g kuphela zingathuthukisa ijubane lendiza eliqondile ukuya ku-160 km / h. "Ukuhluleka kukaDeveli" kutholakala njalo ngezigidi ezingu-3 zalezi zilwane ezincelisayo.
11. Ukuhluleka kweGuatemalan, Guatemala
Ngo-2010, enhloko-dolobha yezwe - umuzi waseGuatemala - ukuwa ngokungazelelwe kwenhlabathi, eyathatha ifenisha lezitezi ezintathu futhi yakha ingozi ezakhiweni eziseduze. Umgodi ojikelezayo owububanzi obungama-20m ububanzi obungamamitha angama-90. Inhlanganisela yezici zemvelo kanye ne-anthropogenic yaholela esimweni esiyingozi: izikhukhula ezibangelwa yiNkantwa Agatha, ukuqhuma kwe-volcano yasePakaya eduze komuzi, nokuvimbela ukuvuza kwamapayipi okuthuthwa kwamanzi.
Lokhu kuhluleka akuwona okwakungowokuqala eGuatemala. Ngonyaka ka-2007, idolobha lathola ukuwa okufanayo kwendawo kuya ekujuleni kwamamitha angaba ngu-100.
12. "IChibi Lobusuku Bokusabalala", Wyoming, eU.SA
Umthombo omuhle, isiphethu segesi eligcwele amanzi, lalinalo igama ngenxa yokuthi lifana nembali ye-witchberry, e-United States ebizwa ngokuthi "inkazimulo yasekuseni." Ekuqaleni, umgodi wawuqoshiwe obala okwesibhakabhaka phakathi nendawo, endaweni ejulile, kancane kancane uphenduka ophuzi ohlangothini oluhle, kanye nama-petioles of convolvulus. Kodwa maduzane, ngenxa yezivakashi ezingenamthetho eziphonsa zemali kanye nanoma yikuphi udoti emanzini, umthombo wokudla i-geyser uye wavalwa, okwaholela ekuzalweni okungalawulwa kwamabhaktheriya kanye noshintsho oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuphuzi oluhlaza. Eduze nomthombo, ngisho nesibonakaliso esinesixwayiso mayelana nesidingo sokwelashwa ngokucophelela echibini ngenxa yobungozi bokushintsha igama "ekulahlekeni udumo".