Ubungqayizivele be-placenta ukuthi bubonakala emzimbeni wesifazane kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kufeza indima ebaluleke kakhulu, okuvumela ukuba kuthwale ingane, bese iphela ngokuphelele.
Ikhona nini i-placenta?
I-placenta iqala ukwakha ngesonto lesibili lokuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine ye-fetus. Ngamaviki amathathu kuya ku-6 kuncike ngokuqinile, kancane kancane ukuthola ifomu lesidiski, elibizwa kakhulu ngeviki 12. Uma ufuna ukuqonda ukuthi i-placenta ibukeka kanjani, cabanga ikhekhe. Kuvele nje kukhumbuze lomzimba.
Indawo ye-placenta
Njengomthetho, i-placenta itholakala ngemuva noma udonga lwangaphambili lwesisu, eduze nezigaba zalo ezingenhla. Nge-trimester yesithathu yaleso sikhathi kusukela emaphethelweni we-placenta kuya ku-pharynx yangaphakathi yomlomo wesibeletho, ibanga kufanele libe ngamasentimitha ayisithupha. Uma kungenjalo, kuthiwa kukhona okunamathiselwe okuphansi kwe-placenta. Uma i-placenta igqokisa i-pharynx yangaphakathi - kuyindlela ehlukile yokwelapha - isethulo.
Isakhiwo se-placenta
Isakhiwo se-placenta sinzima kakhulu. Kulo, amasethingi egazi wamanzi nomntwana aguquke. Zombili izinhlelo zihlukaniswa ngendwangu, ngaphandle kwalokho kuthiwa yi-barrier. I-placenta ngesikhathi esifanayo isitho sobabili owesifazane okhulelwe nomntwana.
Imisebenzi ye-placenta
- Ukuthuthwa kwe-oksijeni ngegazi lomama kumntwana. Ngokufanayo, ngokuphambene nalokho, i-carbon dioxide iyathuthwa.
- Dlulisela emntwaneni wezakhi ezidingekayo empilweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwayo.
- Ukuvikelwa kwe-fetus kusuka kwizifo.
- Ukwenziwa kwama-hormone okubangela inkambo evamile yokukhulelwa.
Ukukhula kwe-placenta ngesonto
Kuvunyelwe ukuhlukanisa amazinga amane okuvuthwa kwe-placenta kuye ngokuthi iminyaka yobudala:
- 0 amaviki angaphansi kwama-30;
- Amaviki 1 - 30-34;
- Amasonto amabili kuya kwangu-34-39;
- 3 - emva kwamaviki angu-37.
Norm yokuqina kwe-placenta
I-placenta ihlolwe ngenhloso ngobukhulu ngemuva kweviki lama-20 lokukhulelwa nge-ultrasound. Kukhona izindinganiso ezithile ukuthi i-placenta kufanele ihambisane nokukhulelwa ngobuningi. Kukholelwa ukuthi ubukhulu be-placenta kufanele bulingane nobude bokukhulelwa, noma ngaphezulu noma okungaphansi kwamamitha ayi-2. Isibonelo, uma isikhathi sakho singamaviki angu-25, ubukhulu be-placenta kufanele kube ngamamitha angu-23-27.
I-pathologies ye-placenta
Namuhla, izimo ze-patcenta ze-placenta zivame kakhulu. Phakathi kwama-pathologies evamile kukhona:
- i-placenta previa;
- okunamathiselwe okuqinile;
- i-placenta ephansi ekukhutheni;
- ukuvuvukala kwe-placenta;
- ukuphazamiseka kwamapayipi;
- ukwanda kwe-placenta;
- ukuphahla kwamapayipi;
- ukuvuthwa kusenesikhathi noma kokugcina kwe-placenta;
- i-placenta ejulile;
- ukwanda noma ukwehlisa okukhulu ngobukhulu be-placenta;
- ukuvuvukala kwesifo se-placenta;
- izicubu ze-placenta;
- intromlacental thrombi njalonjalo.
Ukungasebenzi kwe-placenta
Lezi zifo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-pathology nazo zibizwa ngokuthi ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-fetoplacental. Ukukhubazeka kubhekene nesifo
Ingozi yokungafinyeleli ngokwedlulele iphakama lapho kunezifo ezingapheliyo, izifo, izifo zesigcawu, ukubhema nokusebenzisa kabi utshwala.
Ngakho-ke, kusobala ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa okulungile kwe-placenta yowesifazane kubaluleke kakhulu, kusukela kulo lonke ukukhulelwa lo mzimba uxazulula izinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuqapha ngokucophelela kwe-placenta nge-ultrasound futhi, uma kukhona ukwephulwa kwemikhuba, ukuqala ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi.