NgoJulayi 28 usuku olukhunjulwayo lweSonto Lama-Orthodox, njengalolu suku uNkosana Vladimir wenza ubuKristu buyinkolo enkulu yaseRussia. Iholidi libizwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi "usuku lokugubha ubhapathizo lukaRussi" futhi lugujwa ezingeni likahulumeni.
Umlando Wokubhapathizwa kweRussia
Izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi ukubhapathizwa kokuqala kukaKevan Rus kwadlula ngo-988, futhi kuhlotshaniswa nobuntu besikhulu saseKiev, esaziwa kubantu ababizwa ngegama likaVladimir Krasnoe Solnyshko. Isikhulu sasiqala ukubusa kusukela ngo-978 emva kwempi nabafowabo u-Oleg noJaropolk. Ngesikhathi esemusha, isikhulu sathi ubuqaba, sasinezimpumputhe eziningi futhi sahlanganyela emkhankasweni. Ngesinye isikhathi empilweni yakhe wayengabaza onkulunkulu bamaqaba futhi wanquma ukukhetha enye inkolo eRussia.
Ukuze ulandele "ukukhetha kokholo" kungenzeka kwi "Tale of Bygone Years" nguNestor. Ngokomlando, uVladimir wakhetha phakathi kuka-Islam, ubuKatolika, ubuJuda nobuProthestani. Abameli bamazwe ahlukene banikezela ukwamukela inkolo yabo, kodwa enhliziyweni kwakukhona izincazelo ze-Orthodoxy evela kumfilosofi wamaGreki. UVladimir wanquma ukubhapathizwa eKorsun evela eSontweni laseConstantinople, futhi isizathu salokhu kwakuwumshado enkoseni yaseByzantine Anna. Ebuyela enhloko-dolobha, isikhulu sasiyala ukuba sinqume futhi sishise izithombe, futhi sibhapathize izakhamuzi emanzini asePochayny naseDnieper. Konke kwahamba ngokuthula, ngoba kakade ngaleso sikhathi phakathi kwamaKristu kwakukhona amaKristu amaningi. Izakhamuzi kuphela zemizi ethile, njengeRostov neNovogorod, zaphikisa, ngoba iningi lazakhamuzi lapho kwakuyiziqaba. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi baphinde bashiya imikhuba yobuqaba.
Kusukela ngesikhathi sokubhapathizwa, amandla amakhulu azuze izinzuzo ezilandelayo:
- babe nokwesekwa okuthembekile enkolweni entsha nasontweni elizibiza;
- ukuhlukana kwezinhlanga kunqotshwa;
- ukukholwa okuvamile kwenza lezi zihloko zibe nomqondo omusha womphakathi nobunye;
- waqala ukwakha ukukhathazeka konke okuseRashiya;
- ukudweba, imidwebo yezithonjana, ukwakha izinkuni, kanye nesistimu yemfundo ithuthukiswe.
I-Orthodoxy yaqhubeka inkolo kahulumeni yaseRussia kuze kube yi-Revolution ka-Okthoba. Imibono engakholelwa kuNkulunkulu iyasakazwa eSoviet Union, nakuba abantu abaningi baqhubeka bephendukela ebuKristwini ngasese. Okwamanje, iRussia ikhululekile ezinkolweni zenkolo futhi umthetho wayo awulawulwa yizimiso zesonto, kodwa inkolelo yenkolo enkulu kakhulu i-Orthodoxy.
Ukugubha usuku lokubhapathizwa kukaRus
Imicimbi ehloniphekile ekuhlonipheni i-Epiphany ibanjwe eBelarus naseRussia, kodwa izenzakalo ezinkulu kunazo zonke zivame ukuqhutshelwa eKiev, njengoba kwakukhona lapho "ukuguqulwa" okwakungokoqobo kobuKristu kwenzeka khona.
NgoJulayi 28, 2013, isikhumbuzo sokubhapathizwa kukaRus sigubha. Abaphathi beRussian Federation ne-Ukraine beza ukugubha iminyaka engu-1025 yokubhapathizwa. Imikhosi emikhulu yayihlelwe egqumeni laseVladimir: abefundisi abakhulu babamba inkonzo ye-conciliar. I-Liturgy yayiqhutshelwa ngaphansi kwetshe lesikhumbuzo ku-Prince Vladimir, eqinisweni, owayengumuntu ophakathi kweholidi. Ukuqokwa kwabangcwele, isikhulu sihlonishwa ikakhulu yibandla.
Kusihlwa, abaphathi bama-Ukraine nabaseRussia babuthana ngomthandazo ovamile, okwenzeka eKie-Pechersk Lavra . Kukhona nokuhlukunyezwa okwenziwe ngokukhethekile - iSiphambano sikaSt. Andrew esiQala kuqala. Isiphambano sanikezwa nxazonke ekufinyeleleni kwewashi, futhi ngosuku olulandelayo wathunyelwa eBelarus , lapho izinkulungwane zamakholwa zagijimela kuye ukuba zikhothamele. Kukholelwa ukuthi ukuthinta indlu engcwele ngomthandazo nokholo kususa zonke izifo futhi kukhuthaze ukugcwaliseka kwezifiso.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imibukiso yezithombe nemidwebo yenziwa eKiev. Izimbali zepaki ye-landscaping ngosizo lwezimbali ezintsha zavuselela izenzakalo zeminyaka eyinkulungwane edlule.