Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, okungukuthi - Mashi 1 - Usuku Lomhlaba Wokuvikelwa Kwezizwe lugujwa. Leli holide linomsebenzi ohloniphayo wokusakaza ulwazi oluthile mayelana nokuvikela umphakathi nokuphakamisa igunya lezinsizakalo eziphuthumayo zikazwelonke.
Ake sikhumbule ukuthi yini ukuvikela umphakathi? Lena uhlelo oluthile lwezinyathelo ezihlukahlukene zokulungiselela ukuvikelwa kanye ngokuqondile nokuvikelwa kwabantu, izinto ezibonakalayo kanye namasiko amasiko ezivela ezingozini ezivela ekuqhutshweni kwamabutho, kanye naseziphuthumayo zezinhlamvu ze-anthropogenic kanye nemvelo.
Usuku lokubunjwa kokuvikela umphakathi ezweni lethu kubhekwa ngo-Okthoba 4 , 1932. Kulolu suku, ukuzivikela kwendawo yendawo kwakha isakhiwo esizimele e-USSR. Isivivinyo sokuqala esiyinkimbinkimbi kuye kwakuyiMpi Enkulu yamaPhroticism, lapho inani elikhulu lamabhomu lihlaselwa yizimpi zokuzivikela, umlilo omkhulu waqedwa, futhi izingozi ezihlukahlukene zaqedwa. Khona-ke, ngokokuqala ngqa emlandweni wethu, uhlelo lokuvikela abantu lwadalwa, okwavumela ukugcina izimpilo zabantu abayizinkulungwane. Namuhla, ukuvikeleka komphakathi kuqinisekisa into ebaluleke kakhulu ekuvikelekeni kombuso ezweni. Yingakho uSuku Lwezokuvikelwa Kwezempi eRussia lugubha yonke indawo.
Umsuka weholide
Ekupheleni kuka-1931, uMnyango Wezokwelapha uGeorges Saint-Paul wasungula eParis "Association of Geneva Zones" - okubizwa ngokuthi izindawo zokuphepha. Lokhu kungaba idolobha elilodwa noma insimu lapho ngezikhathi zomphakathi umphakathi wabantu (abesifazane, izingane, abantu asebekhulile, izingane) bangathola indawo ephephile. Inhloso yokwakha izindawo ezinjalo kwakuwukudala izindawo eziphephile ezichazwe emazweni ahlukene. Esikhathini esizayo, okungukuthi ngo-1958, isakhiwo esingenhla sahlelwa kabusha kwi-International Civil Defense Organisation (i-ICDO), ukuthola isimo esisha futhi nethuba lokuthatha izikhundla zikahulumeni, umphakathi, inhlangano, ngabanye. Ngo-1972, i-ICDO yaba inhlangano engaphansi kohulumeni, futhi ngo-1974 yandisa indawo yayo yokusebenza ekuvikeleni abantu ngesikhathi sokulwa, ukuxazulula izinkinga zemvelo nezinhlekelele ezenziwe ngabantu ngesikhathi sokuthula.
Manje kunamazwe angu-53 e-ICDO, kanti izifunda ezingu-16 zinesimo sokubuka. Usuku Lomhlaba Wokuvikelwa Kwezizwe, olusungulwa ngo-1990, lugujwa kuwo wonke amazwe angamalungu e-ICDO. Usuku lomkhosi lukhethiwe hhayi ngengozi - kwakunguMashi 1 ukuthi i-ICDO Charter iqale ukusebenza, eyamukelwa yizi-18.
Leli holide ligujwa kanjani?
I-International Civil Defence Day ngokuvamile igubha ezikoleni zemfundo nasezikhungweni ezihlobene ngqo nalesi sihloko. Abafundi bezikole batshelwe ngemithetho yokuziphatha uma kwenzeka izimo ezihlukahlukene eziphuthumayo, bakhombise izindlela eziyisisekelo zokuvikelwa ngabanye kanye nokuhlanganyelwa kwabantu. Kulolu suku wonke umuntu ukhunjuzwa ukuthi ukuphi indawo yokukhosela ibhomu kukhona
Njalo ngonyaka, uSuku Lwezokuvikela LwaseMhlabeni Wonke luqhutshwa ngaphansi kwezisholo ezahlukene ezibonisa izindaba ezibalulekile eziphathelene nokulondoloza izimpilo nokuvikela imvelo.
Ngakho-ke, ngo-2013, izingqinamba zeSuku Lokuvikelwa Kwezizwe Zomhlaba zazingu "Ukuvikelwa Kwezombusazwe kanye Nokulungiswa Kwezinhlekelele Zokuvimbela Izinhlekelele".
Futhi kulo nyaka ngo-2014 leli holide linikelwe ngesihloko esithi "Isiko lokuzivikela kanye nokuvimbela umphakathi ukuze kuthuthukiswe umphakathi ophephile."