Ama-Museums eSweden

Ukuhlela iholidi eSweden , izivakashi eziningi zifaka ohlwini lwezindawo ezifiselekayo ngokuvakashelwa, nemyuziyamu. Kulo mbuso, inqwaba yemibukiso ehlukahlukene, imidwebo, njll, okungeyona eyomuntu omdala kuphela, kodwa ingane. Ake sibone ukuthi yimiphi iminyuziyamu yaseSweden efanelekile, ukuthi iqukethe nokuthi ingatholakalaphi eSweden .

Okokuqala, yonke iminyuziyamu ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba. Ngaphandle kwemidwebo yobuciko yobuciko kanye nemlando, kunezinto eziningi ezinikezelwe kumuntu othile noma imbangela. Kodwa mayelana nakho konke okuhlelekile.

Amamyuziyamu wezobuciko eSweden

Phakathi kwazo kukhona okulandelayo:

1. I-National Museum (Nationalmuseum) , eyasungulwa ngo-1792, ingenye yamamyuziyamu amakhulu eStockholm naseSweden ngokujwayelekile. Iqoqo lakhe, elihlala ezindaweni ezintathu zesakhiwo, lihlanganisa imisebenzi yabaculi abadumile njengoPerino, El Greco, Goya, Manet, Degas nabanye. Iqoqo elicebile kakhulu lemidwebo, izithombe eziqoshiwe kanye nokuqoshwa kungakwazi ukuncintisana kalula nemyuziyamu enhle kakhulu yomhlaba njengeLouvre noma iLondon Gallery. Omunye wemisebenzi edume kakhulu, ogcinwe emnyuziyamu kazwelonke waseSweden, uyisiqeshana somdwebo weRembrandt "I-Julia Civilis Conspiracy". Ngaphandle komsebenzi wabaculi abavelele nabadwebi emakhulwini eminyaka adlule, ukuqoqwa kwemyuziyamu kuhlanganisa imisebenzi yamakhosi anamuhla, kanye nemikhiqizo eyenziwe ngeglasi, izitsha ze-ceramics nezensimbi eziyigugu. Njengamanje, iNational Museum yaseSweden ivaliwe ukulungiswa kabusha, kodwa amanye embukiso angabonwa emibonisweni ehlukahlukene nasezindaweni zemibukiso ezenzeka eStockholm, naseRoyal Swedish Academy of Fine Arts.
2. I-Museum of Modern Art (i-Moderna museet) isakhiwo esisesiqhingini saseShepsholm. I-museum yavulwa ngo-1958 futhi yaqoqwa imisebenzi yabantu abangamaSweden kuphela, kodwa futhi nabaculi abavela kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu nase-United States. Lokhu kuvezwa kuhlelwe ngendlela yokuthi umuntu angabala ngokucacile ukuthuthukiswa kwefantasti yobuciko kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 kuze kube sekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21: yonke imisebenzi ifakwa ngokulandelana kwesikhathi, kusukela ngo-1901. Iqoqo elikhulu lemisebenzi yobuciko besikhathi esidlule lihlotshiswe yimisebenzi yamakhosi anjalo adumile njengoDali, Picasso, Leger, Braque.
3. I-Malmo Art Museum (Malmo Konstmuseum) - yavula izivakashi ngo-1975. Itholakala enqabeni enkulu kunazo zonke eSweden, uMalmöhus , umlando wakhe ocebile kakhulu futhi othakazelisayo: ngenxa yokuthi ikhona inqaba yayiyinkosi yobukhosi, inqaba, i-mint, ngisho nejele. Namuhla, ngaphezu kwe-Art Museum, kunomuzi nomlando we-museum waseMalmö . Igalari ye-Art Museum iyona yesikhulumi esikhulu sembukiso eYurophu yobuciko besikhathi esidlule. Nazi imisebenzi: UCarl Fredrik Hill, uBarbro Bekström, uKarl Fredrik Reutersvärd, uMax Walter Svanberg, uTrsten Andersson. Ngaphandle kwemidwebo, emahholo aboniswe ukuqoqwa kwemisebenzi yobuciko kanye nokuhlobisa nokusetshenziswa kobuciko besakhamuzi saseSkåne.

Imyuziyamu yempi eSweden

Amamyuziyamu amaningana nawo anikezelwe ezempi:

1. Imyuziyamu yomkhumbi weVASA eStockholm ingenye yezinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu eSweden. Umbukiso wayo oyinhloko umkhumbi wempi wekhulu le-XVII, owakhuphuka ngokushesha ngemva kokushiya umkhumbi wemikhumbi. Kodwa kuyophutha ukucabanga ukuthi iminyuziyamu yomkhumbi owodwa ngeke ibe yinto engathandeki kubantu abaningi. Ngaphezu komkhumbi wempi ngokwawo, uqukethe izinto ezihlobene nokuphila, ukwakhiwa nokufa kwalesi sikebhe esiyingqayizivele. Zonke izibukiso zihlukaniswe ngemiboniso ye-thematic, kukhona insimu. I-Vasa Museum ivakashelwe yizinkulungwane zezivakashi nsuku zonke.
2. I-Maritime Museum , noma eyolwandle - enkulu kakhulu eSweden, eyanikezelwa ekwakhiweni kwemikhumbi, ukuhamba kwemikhumbi kanye nokuzivikela kwezempi. Iqoqo le-museum lihlanganisa imiboniso enjengale:
   • imikhumbi engaphezu kuka-1500 yemikhumbi, kusukela ngekhulu le-XVIII;
   • Amadivayisi wokuhamba;
   • izikhali;
   • izinto zobuciko nokuphila.
   Ingxenye yalo mbukiso iguqulwa egumbini elincane, eliphinda liphindwe ngokuphelele ngaphakathi kwendlu egodini likaGustav III. Imibukiso ehlukene izinikezwe emidwebeni yezikebhe nemikhumbi, amamephu. I-museum inomtapo wayo, okuyinto enkulu kunazo zonke emtatsheni we-Scandinavia olwandle. Ibhonasi enhle kunazo zonke ukuthi ungavakashela imyuziyamu ngokuphelele mahhala.
3. I-museum ye-tank noma i-Arsenal yiyona enkulu kunazo zonke eSweden, lapho kuhlangene khona izimboni zempi nezibhamu. I-museum yavulwa ngo-2011 eduze kwedolobha lamandla. Eqoqweni elihlala njalo lemyuziyamu kukhona amayunithi angama-75 emishini yempi ehlobene nenkathi kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XX kuya ku-1990. Kukhona nemibukiso yesikhashana evamile ngezihloko ezihlukene, isibonelo, omunye wabo wayezinikele ezithuthuthu zempi. Izingane emnyuziyamu ngeke zithukuthele: ikakhulukazi kubo, kukhona indawo yokudlala lapho ungase uhlale khona esiteshini semoto, ungene etendeni noma ugijime. I-museum ine-café ne-shop souvenir.

Ama-Museums anikezelwe emakethe

Izinkampani ezinkulu, umlando wazo uneminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi, ngokuvamile zibuye zithole iminyuziyamu yazo:

1. I-Volvo Museum - umbukiso wakhe uzinikezwe emlandweni wezokuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezinkulu ngokubonisa cishe zonke izimoto ezikhiqizwa yilo brand, kusukela nge-20s yekhulu lama-XX. Ngaphandle kwezimoto, ungabona lapha indiza (ukukhathazeka kweVolvo kanye kwaba khona ekudaleni izindiza), kanye nezinjini zemishini yezempi eSweden. Imibukiso yemyuziyamu ivuselelwa njalo futhi ibuyekeziwe. Ibonisa imikhiqizo emibili yemiklamo yamasiko, ithole imiklomelo eminingi, futhi ingathandeki kakhulu, njenge-tandem noma imoto yabesifazane, eyenzelwe abesifazane. Endaweni yomnyuziyamu kunemibukiso yesikhashana ezinikezwe kwezinye izindawo zemisebenzi yezimoto ezinkulu, isibonelo, umbukiso waminyaka yonke ozinikezelwe ku-regatta yemikhumbi. Engxenyeni yeVolvo Museum eSweden, kunezitolo ezinkulu zesipho lapho ungathengisa khona izimpahla (izingubo, amathoyizi, njll) ngelebuli yeVolvo, kanye nezithombe zokuqoqa ezingavamile zezimoto.
2. Ikea Museum - yavulwa ngo-2016 e-Elmhut, eSweden. Kuzinikezelwe emlandweni wokuthuthukiswa kwalolu hlobo oluyingqayizivele lwefenisha yaseSweden. Izethulo zihlukaniswe ngesikhathi - kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube phakathi kwekhulu lama-XX ("Izimpande zethu"), lapho umkhiqizo usanda kuvela, kuze kube manje. Isigaba esithile sinikezelwe kumsunguli we-Ikea brand - Ingvaru Kamprada. Ngokuvamile, kuboniswa imibukiso yesikhashana, ekhona esiteji esingaphansi kwesakhiwo. I-museum ine-restaurant kanye nesitolo sesipho, kanye nezindawo zokudlala ezihlukahlukene zezingane.

Ezinye iminyuziyamu ezithakazelisayo

Qiniseka ukuthi uvakashele lapha:

1. Unibacken . Izingane zeMisamu eSweden, ezinikezelwe ekudaleni kanye nabalingiswa bezinganekwane Astrid Lindgren. Ekungeneni kwemyuziyamu kunweba isikwele esivela endaweni yokuhamba, lapho amaqhawe ezindaba ezijwayele izingane eziningi zihlala khona. Ngemva kwesigcawu kukhona umbukiso onomsebenzi waseBerg, uNiannann no-Wikland, owasebenza emifanekisweni yezincwadi zomlobi. Okuthakazelisa kakhulu izingane kanye nesitimela seFairytale, lapho phakathi izindaba zohambo zizwakala ngezilimi ezingu-12 zomhlaba (kufaka phakathi isiRashiya). Engxenyeni ye-museum kukhona i-cafe nesitolo sezincwadi lapho ungathenga khona izincwadi zezingane ezingcono.
2. I-Museum Museum - enye yezinto ezingavamile eSweden, yavulwa ngo-1953 eStockholm. I-museum inikezelwa efomini yobuciko efanele. Iqoqo lakhe lihlanganisa izingubo, amasiki, ama-posters, izincwadi nokuningi okuningi. Lapha ungafunda umlando wokudansa, futhi emibonisweni yesikhashana idumisa ukulingiswa kwabaculi.