Kwenzekani nge-glomerulonephritis?
Ngalesi sifo, ama-antigen-antibody complexes akhiwa kunoma yimuphi umuntu ngenkathi yokuvuvukala afakwe ngqo emanetheni angama-capillary we-renal glomeruli ngokwawo. Ngakho-ke, kukhona ukwephulwa kwenqubo yokuchama, okuholela ekulibaleni emzimbeni wamanzi nokubunjwa kwe-edema. Kukhona nokuncipha kwezici ezithathelwanayo, okubangela ekuthuthukiseni umfutho wegazi ophezulu, kanye nokuhluleka kwezinso.
Ngenxa yalokho isifo sisakhula?
Ngaphambi kokucubungula izimpawu ze-glomerulonephritis kubantu abadala, kubalulekile ukubiza izici eziyiphutha.
Isizathu esivame kakhulu sesifo yisifo sokutheleleka kwe-streptococcal (umphumela we-tonsillitis, i-tonsillitis, imfiva ebomvu). Futhi, lesi sifo singakhula njengomphumela wesimungumungwane, inkukhu yezinkukhu kanye ne-ARVI eyenziwa ngosuku olulandelayo.
Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi amathuba okuba nesifo akhulise ukuvezwa okude isikhathi eside kubanda ngokukhuphuka komswakama, ngoba le nhlanganisela yezimo zangaphandle zishintsha inkambo yokuziphendulela komzimba emzimbeni womuntu, okuthinta inqubo yokuhlinzeka ngegazi ezinso.
Lesi sifo sibonakala kanjani?
Ngaphambi kokwelapha i-glomerulonephritis yezinso, odokotela benza ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga okuqala ngokuthola izimpawu zesifo.
Njengomthetho, izibonakaliso zesifo esinjalo aziveli ngaphambi kwamasonto amathathu kusukela ngesikhathi sokudluliswa kwesifo esithathelwanayo. Ifomu elimangalisayo le-glomerulonephritis libhekwa ngamaqembu amathathu wezimpawu:
- urinary (ukwephula inqubo yokuchama);
- i-edematous;
- hypertensive.
Ezimweni eziningi, lesi sifo siqala ngokuphakama kokushisa komzimba, ukubukeka kwesibindi, isicanucanu, ukubonakala komzwelo obuthakathaka obukhulu, ikhanda. Kukhona ubuhlungu esifundeni se-lumbar.
Emva kwalokhu, kunezibonakaliso lapho kukhona ukwephula ukuchama. Ngakho, phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala ezingu-3-5 emva kokuqala kwesifo, ukwehla kwe-diuresis kuphawulwe, i.s. owesifazane kakhulu ongavamile ukuvakashela indlu yangasese. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, inani lomchamo likhishwe likhuphuka, kodwa ukwehla kwesibalo salo kubonakala. Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ngalesi sifo, kukhona ukutholakala kwegazi emcimbini - i-hematuria. Njengomthetho, lesi senzakalo senza umuntu abonane nodokotela.
Isibonakaliso esicacile se-disorder singabizwa ukubonakala kobuqhophozi, okuphawuleka kakhulu ebusweni. Ichazwe ekuseni futhi iyancipha phakathi nosuku.
Ngenxa yezinguquko ezingenhla, i-hypertension ivela. Cishe abangama-60% kubo bonke abantu abakhubazekile babika ukwanda kwegazi.
Izimpawu ze-glomerulonephritis ezinganeni ziyafana, kepha ukwelashwa nemisebenzi ehlobene kufanele iqaliswe ngokushesha, ngoba isifo sikhula ngokushesha.
Ukwelashwa kwenziwa kanjani?
Ukwelashwa kwesigaba esibucayi sesiyaluyalu kuvame ukuqhutshwa esibhedlela. Owesifazane imithi elwa namagciwane (i-Ampiox, i-Penicillin, i-Erythromycin), ukuzivikela kuqiniswa (Cyclophosphamide, Imuran). Izinkimbinkimbi zokwelashwa zihlanganisa ukwelashwa okulwa nokuvuvukala ( Voltaren) kanye nokwelapha okuhloswe ngokuhloswe ekunciphiseni i-edema nokujwayelekile ukucindezela kwegazi.
Ukwelashwa kwe- glomerulonephritis engapheli kuncishiswe ukwehla kwe-symptomatology ye-disorder, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokulwa namagciwane nokulwa nokuvuvukala.