Ngomunye umdlandla wemoto, isiphetho segalaji siyinkinga ephawulekayo, ngoba kufanele inikeze ukubukeka okuhle futhi okuhle kuleli kamelo, futhi kuhambisane nezici zesakhiwo, ngokucabangela ukuma kwayo kokusebenza. Khona-ke lesi sakhiwo ngeke sibe yindawo ephephile kuphela yemoto, kodwa futhi kuyomhlangano wokufudumala nokunethezeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.
Ukuhlobisa isicabha segalaji
Ukuze kukhishwe izikhonkwane, izinto ezibizayo zikhethiwe, ezingabonakali ekukhanyeni kwelanga. Izinhlobo ezifanelekayo zokuphela kwegalaji yangaphandle:
- Umdwebo we-Plaster. Lesi sinkinga sidinga utshalomali oluncane. I-plaster yesimanje engxenyeni ye-gypsum kulula ukudweba ngombala ofanele. Ngosizo lokubunjwa kwamaminerali kunokwenzeka ukuba unikeze ubuso obuningi obususwe.
- Ukuqedwa kokugqoka isisombululo esingabizi futhi esisebenzayo. Amapulangwe kulula ukufaka, abe nemibala ehlukahlukene. I-Vinyl siding iyinhlobo ethandwa kakhulu yento, kulula ukuyihlanza, hhayi ukwesaba ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, sinesisindo esincane. Phakathi kwe-crate kanye nezindonga, igumbi lingasetshenziswa nge-hydro- ne-vapor insulation.
- Amatshe okufakelwa noma izitini zokuhlobisa. Izindleko zezinto eziphezulu ziphezulu, kodwa zithembeke nakakhulu futhi igumbi nalesi siphetho libukeka liqinile. Amatshe noma izitini, ungakwazi ukudweba ezinye izakhi zesakhiwo, uzihlanganise nge-plaster.
Kunokuqedela izindonga egaraji?
Izinto zokwakha ezisetshenziselwa ukungena ngaphakathi kwegaraji kufanele zibe nezici ezilandelayo:
- unike ikamelo ukubonakala kahle;
- ungatholi ukungcola;
- Ungaphindi amakha evuthayo;
- ungashisi;
- hhayi ukuvezwa ekuhlaselweni kwamakhemikhali;
- kulula ukuhlanza nokuhlanza.
Uhlaka olunjalo lwangaphakathi luzoqinisekisa ukuhlala okunethezekile nokuphephile kwabantu ekamelweni. Ngombala, kungcono ukunikeza ukukhetha ukukhanya, i-pastel shades engakwazi ukufihla ukwehluleka kwengubo futhi ibukeke ikhulise isikhala esakhiweni. Uhlobo ngalunye lwezinto ezibonakalayo lunenzuzo nezinsalela, izinga lezindleko zezezimali.
Umshini wegaraji ngebhodi eliboshwe ngaphakathi
Amashidi ahlanganiswe ngensimbi egqinsiwe, ehlanganiswe ngopende oluningana kanye nezendwangu zokugqoka, asetshenziselwa kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zomgwaqo. Ukuqedwa kwezindonga egaraji kanye nebhodi elonakele likhangiswa ngejubane lokufakwa, ukulungiswa kokumiswa, izindleko eziphansi zezinto ezibonakalayo nokuqina kwayo. Amashidi anama-frost-resistant, angenakuvutha, agcina ukubukeka kwangempela okwesikhathi eside. Zingadwetshwa kunoma yimuphi umbala oyifunayo. Ukungalungi kwebhodi eliboshwe kufaka phakathi ukuguqulwa ngaphansi kwesenzo somshini nokuqhuba okuphansi okushisa, lokwakha kungcono kakhulu.
Igalaji ene-PVC yokulinganisa
Ukuphela okusheshayo kwegaraji kanye nama-panels epulasitiki kuyindlela ethandwayo yokulungiswa kwesimiso esinjalo, esingadingi izindleko ezinkulu zezezimali. Zibanike, zishibhile, zingavumeli umswakama, ziphakanyiswe ngaphandle kothuli olwedlulele kanye nokungcola. Ukubhekana kalula kungenza ngisho umuntu oyedwa emahoreni ambalwa, phakathi kwe-crate nezindonga kungcono ukubeka isilonda sokushisa. Ukuze ubhekane nakho kuphakanyiswa ukukhetha indaba yobuciko - inamandla futhi iyohlala isikhathi eside.
Amapulangwe epulasitiki abesabi amanzi, avumela ukwenza ukuhlanza okumanzi ezindongeni zendlu egumbini lokusila nokucwiliswa. Amapulangwe okugqoka angahle akhethwe emkhatsini wokubala wombala, owethulwa ngokubanzi. Udonga oluqedile ngamapaneli e-PVC lunokungaphumeleli kwalo - indaba ayisebenziseki, iyabuzwa ukushaqeka futhi kulula ukulimaza.
Umshini wegaraji ngezingubo
Enye indlela yokwehliswa okungabizi kuyimbumba eyenziwe ngamapulangwe emvelo. Le nto ifakwe kukhredithi ngokuqondile noma ngokuzungezile. Esigabeni esiphakathi kwezindonga kanye nendawo yokufakelwa kungabekwa izinto zokufaka izinto zokufaka impahla - i-polystyrene foam noma uboya obunamaminerali. Ngoba ukubhekwa kunikelwa izinhlobo eziningi zemvelo ezizolile zombala kanye nemidwebo eqoshiwe.
Ukuqedwa kwezindonga zegaraji kusukela ngaphakathi nge-slats ngokhuni kunezinzuzo - izinkuni zine ukumelana kwamaqhwa, ukuhambisana kwemvelo, ayesabi amathonya asebenzayo, igcina iphunga kahle. Kodwa kungonakaliswa izinambuzane futhi zivutha. Izinkuni ziyi-hygroscopic, ukuguquka kokushisa okuqhubekayo kungabangela ukubola kombuso. Ukubhukuda kufanele kutholakale njalo ngezidakamizwa kanye nabalindi bomlilo - ukungena emanzini, izinambuzane kanye nomlilo ongase ube khona.
Ukufakwa kwegalaji le-MDF
Ukunquma ukuthi udonga kanjani izindonga egaraji, abaningi bakhetha amapaneli awo e-MDF. Intengo yalesi sihloko ayikho phezulu, ifakwe ngokushesha, ihlanganiswe nefilimu ekhethekile ye-laminated, eyinikeza ubuciko obuhle, ingalingisa izinkuni namatshe. Noma yikuphi ukungcola okuvela phezulu kususwa kalula ngendwangu emanzi. Kodwa le ndaba inezinselele - iqukethe izinwele, ngakho-ke umlilo uyingozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-MDF ihlanganiswe nefilimu ephikisayo yamanzi, kodwa ukuze kube nomswakama onomswakama ophezulu akulungiselelwe - kufanele isetshenziswe esakhiweni esomile nesishisayo.
Iphansi egalaji
Izinto ezisezingeni phansi egaraji kufanele zigqoke ukugqoka, zikwazi ukumelana nomthwalo omkhulu wesisindo, ngoba imoto inesisindo esikhulu, iyoba phezu kwesikhathi eside. Ukuvinjelwa kwamanzi kwangaphambi kwegaraji, okwenziwe ngesikhathi sesakhiwo, kuzovimbela ukubonakala komswakama ekamelweni. Ikhiqizwa yi-ramming inhlabathi kusayithi. Bese ubeka izingxenye eziningana zezinto zokwakha - isihlabathi esihlanjulisiwe, izingxenye ezintathu ze-geotextile, phakathi kokufakwa kwe-hydro-nokushisa ukushisa.
I-Rubber floor egaraji
Amamojula we-rabridi wamanje njengama-tile afaneleka ukuhlinzeka igaraji. Le ndaba ayikwesaba imithwalo yemishini, inokugqoka okuphezulu ukugqoka, ayifuni kunoma yikuphi ukushisa, kulula ukuyihlanza. Amathrekhi enjoloba angagcinwa phezulu noma abekwe kalula, ngokufaka phakathi kwamamojula ngamanye amalunga okuvala. Izinto zenziwe ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, kulula ukuvumelanisa ngisho nangaphandle komhlaba.
Kukhona nemigqa yokwenza isitayela, isetwe ngokusho kohlobo lwe-linoleum. Enye inguquko yokugqoka igoli lokugcwalisa igaraji kusuka engxenyeni yamanzi, okubandakanya ama-chips we-rubber, ama-dyes ahlukahlukene, i-polyurethane glue. Thele phezu kokhonkolo, tile, asphalt. Ubuso obunamanzi obunamanzi bunomsebenzi wenkonzo ende, ubhekene nanoma yikuphi ukucindezeleka.
Ukhonkolo egalaji
Uma udinga ukusika phansi egaraji, ukhetho lendabuko luyisikreyi sokukhonkolo. Lesi sigqoko asibizi futhi siqinile, simelana ngokuphelele nokusebenza kanzima. Kodwa kunezimo ezithile - isizukulwane esinothuli oluphezulu nokumelana kabi nokungcola. Uhlaka olungaphezulu lwekhonkrithi luya kancane kancane, luqhekeke futhi lubhidlizwe, ukungcola okubanjwe yisigqoko, okubangela ekwakheni i-plaque elibi.
Vikela isisekelo sekhonkrithi ekubhujisweni kungaba ukufakwa okungeziwe, kuzodingeka kubhekane nendawo yonke iminyaka emithathu. Isisekelo esingcono esiteji segaraji singaba nesibhakabhaka esisebushelelezi esisebushelelezi ekubunjweni. Kodwa kunzima, kudingeka ukuthi ibekwe ngokuqondile phansi kwesakhiwo, ukuheha imishini yokwakha kanye neqembu labantu esiteji sokwakha izakhiwo.
Ipulazi lezinkuni egaraji
Ngokuvamile, igaraji liphelile ngezinkuni. Izitezi zokhuni zibonakala ngamandla amakhulu, ukuqina nokubukeka okukhangayo. Banekhono lokugcina ukushisa kahle, ngokungafani nobuso bekhonkri, okuhlala njalo kubanda. Amapulangwe agxile emagqumeni, okufaka isandla ekusabalaleni okufanako komthwalo ebusweni.
Ukuphela kwegaraji kusukela ngaphakathi ngezinkuni kuthatha ukusetshenziswa kwe-coniferous izinkuni ezivela kuphayini noma ngesi-spruce, azibizi futhi azigqoki. I-Oak floor ibhekwa njengamandla kakhulu futhi izohlala isikhathi eside kunabanye. Izinkuni ngaphambi kokuba kuhlanganiswe uphathwa ngamalangabi avutha amalangabi - kusho ukwandisa ukumelana nomlilo kanye nezingqungquthela ezikhethekile ezivimbela ukubola.
Tile yegalaji phansi
Amathayili we-Ceramic ahlangabezana ngokugcwele nezidingo okumelwe zihlangabezane lapho igaraji seliphelile. Inikeza ukunemba okucacile, ukungabi namlilo, ukumelana kwamanzi, kulula ukuhlanza ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali nama-abrasive detergents. Ukubeka kahle amatayela akwazi ukumelana nemithwalo enkulu yesisindo. Ngokugqoka isakhiwo kungcono ukusebenzisa i- clinker noma i-granite, banamandla amakhulu kanye nesimo esingenalutho se-matte. Lezi zinto zifakwe ku-screed ehlelwe kahle, akusizi eshibhile.
Ukuhlobisa kwelayili egalaji
Ukunquma indlela yokugunda igaraji kanye nokushaya kwayo, kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuthi izinto zokwakha eziphezulu kufanele zibe namandla amancane, ukumelana nokunyakaza, futhi ukumelana nokushisa okuhlukahlukene. Ngaphambi kokubhekene, ochwepheshe bancoma ukuthi ubuso bubekwe eceleni - yenza uhlaka lwama-bar, ugcwalise i-crate nge-wool mineral, foam. Ukuze uthole ukuvikeleka okungeziwe kusuka emakhazeni nasebandleni, i-foil polypropylene ingasetshenziswa, bese izinga lokushisa kwekamelo lihlala likhululekile isikhathi eside.
Yelulela ugwadule egaraji
Uma ucabangela izinketho ezahlukene zokuqeda igaraji, ungakhetha ukukhetha kwakho esilula . Ifilimu elincane elinyanyisiwe ngaphansi kwelayili, libhekwa njengeklamo enhle futhi ewusizo yokubhekene nayo, enesisindo esincane. Ubuso obumnyama buyakwazi ukukhulisa isikhala ekamelweni, futhi ubuso be-matte bulingisa ngokuphelele indiza endizayo. Ukufakela ukufakela okusebenzayo kuyasebenza - abawushisi, baqhakazile kuphela, abangeke baphendule ngama-alkalis, noma yikuphi ukungcola okuvela kubo kungasuswa ngamanzi atholakalayo anesiphuzo.
Isilondolozi esimisiwe esigaraji
Ukufakwa kwesilondolozi esifakwe kahle kuzokusiza ukuvimbela ukunciphisa ekamelweni, imaski yokuxhumana kanye nezinkinga ezibonakalayo ezingaphezulu. Kulula ukuhlanganisa izibani. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa, ifreyimu eyenziwe yensimbi ekhanyayo idalwe, ehlanganiswe nejazi lokuphelisa. Lokhu kuhlanganisa akubandakanyi izindleko ezinkulu zezezimali.
Izinketho ezidume kakhulu zegaraji eziphakathi kwegaraji zithatha ukumbozwa kwefreyimu yokumiswa ngezinto ezifana nama-plastic panels noma i-plasterboard. Amapayipi e-PVC anempilo ende yokusebenza, umswakama-proof futhi ahlanzwa kalula nge-detergent. I-dryry ingaphansi kokumelana namanzi, ubuso bayo bungasuswa kuphela ngesikhumba esinyene, ukuphahlazeka kungenza isikhathi esingaphezu kwamanxeba amapuleti.
Indlela yokudweba ugwadule egaraji?
Ukunquma indlela yokugaya igaraji kusuka ngaphakathi, ukushayela kwalo kungabhalwa nje, uma izinto zokukhwalithi zisetshenziswa ngaphandle, ukukhishwa kwesikhumba kwenziwa, futhi ubuso ngokwawo buphelele. Ngenxa yezizathu zokusebenza, kufanelekile ukukhetha upende lwe-silicone noma we-silicate ye-facade. Inesimo esihle sezulu, esifanele emakamelweni anomswakama ophezulu kanye nezinguquko zokushisa. Umbala kufanele ube lula (beige, omhlophe, ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka), uzobukeka ukhulise isikhala futhi ukwandise ukukhanya kwawo.