Indlela yokulinganisa nobuntu bukaMacavellian (MAK-SCALE)

I-Machiavellianism - iMacavavellianity - impahla yomuntu ngamunye, kufaka phakathi ukukhathazeka, ukuhlukanisa, ukushisa ngokomzwelo, ukunganaki ukuziphatha okuvamile, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwabanye ngezinhloso zabo siqu. Ngalolu hlobo lokuxhaphaza, ukuxhashazwa komunye kuqinisekisa isidingo sokubambisana, isifiso sokuba nobuhlobo obuhle nokubukeka okuhle emehlweni abanye.

(Ukuqhathanisa: ukuxhashazwa yindlela inqubo yomuntu ophethe ngayo umvuzo othola uhlobo oluthile lomvuzo kunalokho ayengayithola ngaphandle kokuxhaphazwa, kanti omunye uthola kancane, okungenani esimeni samanje).

Imiyalo . Hlola ukuthi izibonakaliso ezilandelayo zihlangabezana kanjani nemibono yakho ngawe nabanye abantu. Ukuhlaziywa kwesahlulelo ngasinye esinikeziwe kufanele kuboniswe ngokusebenzisa isikalishi esinqunyiwe amahlanu:

• 1 - angavumelani neze;
• 2 - abavumelani;
• 3 - kunzima ukusho;
• 4 - vumelana;
• 5 - uyavuma ngokuphelele.

Amaphuzu esilinganisweni:

1. Ungalokothi utshele noma ubani ukuthi wenza okuthile, uma kungakulethi inzuzo.
2. Iningi labantu lihle futhi linomusa.
3. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlangana nabanye abantu ukubaxoxela izinto ezinhle kuphela.
4. Kufanele wenze okuthile kuphela uma uqiniseka ukuthi lokhu kulungile.
5. Into engcono kakhulu ukukholelwa ukuthi noma yikuphi umuntu ozokhohlisa, uma kwenzeka kuphela isethulo esifanele.
6. Kumele uhlale uthembekile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yini.
7. Ngezinye izikhathi ungakwazi ukulimaza abanye ukuthola lokho okufunayo.
8. Abantu abaningi ngeke basebenze ngokukhuthele uma bengaphoqelelwa.
9. Kungcono ukuba umuntu ovamile, ovamile futhi othembekile kunodumo nokungathembeki.
10. Kungcono ukutshela umuntu ngobuqotho ukuthi kungani udinga ukuthi akusize, kunokusungula ezinye zezinganekwane futhi ukumkhohlisa ngokukusiza.
11. Abantu abaphumelelayo baningi abathembekile futhi bahle kakhulu.
12. Lowo okholwa konke, uzibeka engozini enkulu.
13. Umenzi wobugebengu ungumuntu ofana nathi sonke, kuphela ukuthi uyisiphukuphuku kangangokuthi wabanjwa.
14. Iningi labantu liyiqiniso.
15. Ukuze ube nomusa, okuhle kubantu kubalulekile kuwe, ngisho nalapho ungabathandi, kuhlakaniphile.
16. Ungaba umuntu omuhle njalo futhi kukho konke.
17. Iningi labantu alikhohlisi (abakhohliswa kalula).
18. Ngezinye izikhathi kufanele ukhohlise kancane, ukukhohlise ukuze uthole lokho okufunayo.
19. Ukuqamba amanga, ukukhohlisa kuhlale kungalungile.
20. Ukulahlekelwa imali kuyinkinga enkulu kunokulahlekelwa umngane.

Ukucubungula kwemiphumela ye-MAC-SCALE

Ukucubungula kufakazela ukuqhathanisa izikolo ezibhaliwe kuwo wonke amaphuzu afakwe esikalini esifanayo. I-PM (i-Machiavellian index): 1, (2), 3, (4), 5, (6), 7, 8, (9), (10), (11), 12, 13, (14), 15, (16), (17), 18, (19), 20.

Izinombolo zendima kubakaki zinenani elilinganiselwe lamaphuzu amahlanu. Kulezi zindawo amaphuzu aphelele esilinganisweni akuzona amaphuzu abhalwe phansi esihlokweni sokuhlolwa, futhi umehluko owuthola ngemuva kokukhipha amaphuzu (kwifomu lokuphendula) yamaphuzu ayisithupha.

Okusho ukuthi kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ifomula: S = 6 - M, lapho i-M inombhalo ebhaliwe yi-subject, i-S yisilinganiso esizofaka amaphuzu aphelele walesi sikali.

Ukuhumusha

Izinga eliphansi lamaMacavellianism (amaphuzu angama-50 nangaphansi) kusikisela: amahloni, ukuzithoba, ukungabi khona kwezinkulumo ezinenkohliso enkulumweni. Ububele, umusa, ubuhle. Uzwela, uzwela, ukuhambisana, ukuqonda. Ukuzwa ngenjabulo kusuka ohlelweni (ubuciko). Isidingo sosizo, ukwethemba, ukuqashelwa kwabanye, isifiso sokubambisana eduze, isimo sengqondo somusa kwabanye. Ukuthembeka, ukwethenjelwa, ukwethembeka, ukuqonda.

Izinga eliphakeme lamaMacavellianism (kusuka amaphuzu angu-50 nangaphezulu) lisho: isifiso sokukhuluma iqiniso, ukugxeka, ukuqonda, ukubekezela ekufezeni umgomo. Ukuhlonishwa, izimfanelo zobuholi, ukuhlukumezeka, ukuqiniswa, amandla, isithandwa somncintiswano. Ukunganaki kwemibandela yezenhlalakahle, ukuthambekela kokubona umbono ophikisanayo, okungafani nemibono yabaningi, kugxile emiphumeleni, ku-pragmatism. Ukuzithemba, ukuzethemba, ukuzimela, isifiso sokuphikisana. Ukuzicabangela, ukutholakala kwempi yangaphakathi, isizinda esingokomzwelo esibi kakhulu. Ukungabi nalutho, uthando lokuthokoza, ukufisa, ukukwazi ukuzivumelanisa kunoma yisiphi isimo.

Abantu abanezindinganiso eziphezulu ngaleli zinga (Amaphephandaba Aphezulu - igama elihlongozwa nguR. Christie) yilokuqala lapho bonke bezama, bekhuphisana, basebenzisa abanye njengendlela yokuwina ukuze abanye babonge ngaleli thuba.

Abantu abanamaphuzu aphezulu ngalesi sikali baphumelela kakhulu ekuxoxisaneni, basebenzisa amaqhinga okuphatha futhi bethola imivuzo kunokuba babe nezibalo eziphansi noma eziphansi.

Njengo-D.B. I-Katunin (2006), ukuxhaphazwa kweMacavavellian kunesimo esiphakathi phakathi kwethonya elibalulekile futhi elikhohlisayo, eliphethe izici ezivamile kokubili.

Ngezansi kufakwe iMacavavellianism phakathi kwamanye amasu okuziphatha komphakathi, ichaza izici kanye nezici ezihlukile zamasu.

1. Okubaluleke kakhulu . Ukuncintisana, ukuhlukumezeka, ukujwayela nokuthembela ngesimo, amandla namandla. Amasiko. Ukulungele ubudlova nokucindezelwa. Ukungqubuzana. Ukucacisa.
2. Imperative-ihlukanisiwe. Ukubonga, ukubonga, ukunciphisa, ukuzimisela. Okokuqala, ukubekezela. Ukuziphakamisa, isifiso sobuholi. Ukuzimela, ukungabi nabuthandane.
3. I-Cynical-ihlukanisiwe . Ukuziqhenya, i-Narcissism. Ukungabaza, pragmatism, rationality. Ukunganaki ukuthanda umphakathi. Ukungaboni kahle. Ukuhlukana, umuzwa wokuphakama. Ukuzicabangela.
4. Aloof kanye mercenary . Ukungathembeki. Ukufaneleka komphakathi. Ukuziphatha okuhlangene (ubuhle, ukuzithoba, ukuzethemba, ukujwayela, ukunamathiselwe). Ukusebenzisa ubuthakathaka kwabanye abantu ngokwabo. Ukukhipha izinzuzo zomuntu kusuka ekusebenzisaneni. Hedonism. Ukungaziphathi kahle.
5. Hidden-mercenary . Ukufisa okulindelekile, isifiso sokuthonya ukushintsha isakhiwo sangaphakathi sesinye (izisusa, imigomo, amanani, izinkolelo, izimo zengqondo, imizwa, njll).
6. Kuxhomeke ekuphatheni okwehlulekayo. Ukugxila ebuhlotsheni, inzalo kwenye. Isifiso sokusungula ubuhlobo, sicela. Isifiso sokuthonya omunye. Ukuqonda okunye.
7. Ukuxhomekeka kwe-Empathic . Ukuzama ukubambisana. Ukwethemba, ukwethembeka, ukwethembeka. Ukubika ngezintshisekelo nokuzizwa komunye. Uzwela, uzwela. Ukuhambisa, isifiso sokwamukelwa.

Qaphela ukuthi isu lokuqala libhekisela emthethweni obalulekile, okwesithathu - kuMacavellianism, owesihlanu - ekusebenziseni nasekusebenziseni okwesishiyagalolunye - ukulwa noMacavellianism. Isu lesibili sinesimo esiphakathi phakathi komthelela obalulekile kanye neMacavavellianism, okwesine - phakathi kukaMacavavellianism nokuxhaphaza kanye nesithupha - phakathi kokuphathwa nokulwa noMacavellianism.

Ukuxhaphazwa noMashiavellianism yizici ezithintana, kodwa azifani. Ukukhwabanisa kukaMacavavellian akusho ukuthi kunomthelela wokuthonya umuntu ukuba ashintshe okuthile noma ngandlela-thile. Umgomo wayo oyinhloko ukuthola lokho okukudingayo. Kulesi simo, omunye umuntu uyindlela yokufeza, noma isithiyo. Uma izinga lomkhiqizo weMacavavellian livezwa kakhulu, abantu abancane banesithakazelo kuye, naphezu kokuthi angabonakala enhle futhi enesithakazelo kubaxhumanisi bakhe.

Ukuveza okucacile iMacavavellian (Maki) ngokuvamile kubonakala kuzolile, kuqiniseka, kuhloswe ngomphumela wezenzo ezihlanganyelwe futhi ngokuvamile kubangele ukuzwelana phakathi kwabanye.