I-Gluten iyi-protein yamifino, equkethe igobolondo labanye abamele izitshalo zokusanhlamvu. Ngokuvamile, ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yomuntu enempilo equkethe gluten, akubandakanyi nemiphumela emibi. Noma kunjalo, ukungena kwalesi protheyini enwebelisayo emgodleni wokugaya ingane kungabangela ukukhubazeka kwamathumbu emathunjini, kubangele ukubola. Ngakho-ke, gluten ekunganeni baby akufanele avele ngaphambi kweminyaka 6-8 izinyanga.
Ukulawulwa kokuqukethwe kwale phrotheni ekusondeleni kwezinsana kwaqala emva kwenani elikhuphukile lamacala okungahambisani kwe-gluten ezinganeni zaseYurophu nase-United States. Mhlawumbe, lokhu kubangelwa ukuguqulwa kwesifo sokudla okwenzelwe i-protein, futhi ngenxa yokungondleki kowesifazane ngesikhathi sokubeletha kwengane. Ngaphambi kokukhululwa kwezibalo ezintsha, abaningi abazange bacabange nokuthi i-gluten yimuphi nokuthi yingozi yini.
Yini i-gluten?
I-Rye, ukolweni, ibhali kanye nama-oats kukhona okusanhlamvu okuqukethe gluten esakhiweni okusanhlamvu. Ngakho-ke, okusanhlamvu okusekelwe kulezi zitshalo kungase kube yi-allergenic, ngakho-ke kuqaliswa okokugcina futhi ngokucophelela.
I-Gluten ekudleni kwezingane ingatholakala emakutsheni. Emikhiweni yobisi kuhlanganiselwa ukudla okunomsoco. Eqinisweni, lokhu amaprotheni yemifino ingaba usizo kakhulu, kepha kuphela uma kuvame ukugaya.
I-Corn gluten isetshenziselwa ukulungiswa kwemikhiqizo eqedile. Futhi, ukusetshenziswa kwalo lapha kuchazwa ukwanda komsoco womkhiqizo, okubuye kusindise imali yomkhiqizi, ngoba kuyinto engabizi kakhulu.
Iyini i-gluten eyingozi?
I-gluten, engena emathanjeni omzimba omuntu onempilo, igajwe kahle nge-enzyme yokugaya futhi iyimithombo enhle kakhulu yamaprotheni. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ezinganeni ezinezinto eziphilayo, i-gluten ingabangela isifo esingavamile "sesifo se-celiac", lapho ukungena kwamathambo emathunjini kungaphumeleli. Kulesi simo, ingane izolahlwa ukulondoloza ukudla kulo lonke ukuphila, lapho ukudla okuqukethe khona kwe-gluten kukhishwa ngokuphelele ekudleni.
Ukusetshenziswa njalo kokudla kwe-gluten ezinenani elikhulu kungabangela ukuphazamiseka komuthi wesisu. "Ukwedlulela ngokweqile" kwalokhu amaprotheni emntwaneni kubhekene nokuthuthukiswa kwemvelo kuya ku-gluten nokubekezelelana kwayo.
Ukungaxolisi ku-gluten (isifo se-celiac) kwenzeka uma kungekho-enzyme ezidingekayo emathunjini ngokucaca kwayo. Ngokuvamile lokhu kubangelwa izakhi zofuzo, kodwa ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo se-celiac kungenza kube nokudla okungaqondakali nokugqamile kokudla ne gluten.
Izimpawu zokwelapha ku-gluten
Ukusabela kwe-allergen kuya ku-gluten akuhlobene nokuhlukunyezwa esikhumbeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubonakaliswa kwayo kungabonakala emva kwamasonto amabili kuphela ngemuva kokuthi kudliwe ngokudla kwaleli protheyini. Izimpawu zokungalingani ne-gluten yizi:
- isifo samathumbu emathunjini (isisindo esinama-frothy ane-grayish tinge, flatulence, izikhalazo zomntwana zesisu esiswini);
- ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba (ingane ayikhuli futhi ayitholi isisindo);
- izinguquko ezivela ohlelweni lwezinzwa (ukukhathazeka, ukwesaba, ukulala okubi).
Ukudla ngaphandle kwe-gluten
Uma ukuncelisa kungenakwenzeka ngesizathu esithile, ke uma ukhetha abathintekayo besifuba, omama kufanele banikeze ukondla usana lwe-gluten. Lokhu kuzokugwema izinkinga ezingenzeka ngokugaya kanye nokwelapha.
Ukuze unciphise ingozi yokuthuthukisa isifo se-celiac, kungcono ukujwayela okusanhlamvu ngezitshalo ngaphandle kwe-gluten - ilayisi, ummbila kanye nokunye okunye. Lezi zinhlobo ezintathu kuphela zokusanhlamvu aziqukethe isakhiwo samaprotheni esindayo sokwenyuka kwamathumbu amathumbu.