Umjikelezo wekhanda lomntanane ungenye yemingcele yemetric, engaphansi kokuqondiswa njalo odokotela. Isikhathi sokuqala kulinganiswa ekuzalweni, bese - ngokuhlolwa kwenyanga okuhleliwe kwenyanga.
Yile nkhomba ehlulela ijubane lokuthuthukiswa kobuchopho kanye nokungabi khona kwanoma yiziphi izifo. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, umthamo omkhulu wekhanda ungabonisa ngokuqondile ukuthuthukiswa kwe-microcephaly noma i- hydrocephalus yomntwana. Izimo zombili zomzimba zidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezokwelapha.
Yisiphi isayizi sensimu yekhanda evamile?
Ekulinganisweni kokuqala kwekhanda lomntwana osendlini ngenduku, ngokuvamile umjikelezo wayo ungama-34-35 cm, ngokuvamile okubhekwa njengokujwayelekile. Kuwo wonke unyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwengane, le nkhomba izokhula kancane kancane kodwa kancane kancane, futhi ngonyaka onyakeni ukuzungeza kwekhanda kuyokwanda ngo-12 cm.
Ubukhulu bekhanda bashintsha kanjani?
Omama abaningi banesithakazelo kuloluphi umbuthano wekhanda lesana lwakhe olusanda kuzalwa kufanele libe ngenyanga eyi-1, ngemuva kwe-2?
Ezimweni ezinjalo, kunetafula elithile, elikhombisa ukuthi ukuzungeza kwentloko kuguquke kanjani ukwanda eminyakeni yobudala. Kungase kuqaphele ukuthi ukukhula okukhuthele kakhulu kwekhanda kubonakala ezinyangeni ezine zokuqala. Ngalesi sikhathi, leli pharamitha landa ngokwanda ngo-1.5-2 cm ngenyanga yesikhalenda, futhi ngalesi sikhathi ubukhulu bekhanda bulingana nokufakwa kwesifuba, okungukuthi, umzimba uthola isilinganiso esifanele.
| Ubudala | Usayizi, cm |
|---|---|
| Inyanga eyodwa | 35-34 |
| Izinyanga ezimbili | 37-36 |
| Izinyanga ezintathu | 39-38 |
| Izinyanga ezingu-6 | 41-40 |
| Izinyanga ezingu-9 | 44-43 |
| Izinyanga ezingu-12 | 47-46 |
| Iminyaka emibili | 49-48 |
| Iminyaka emithathu | 49-50 |
| Iminyaka emine | 51-50 |
| Iminyaka emihlanu | 51-50 |
Ukuze ukwazi ukuzibala ngokuzimela isithwathwa sekhanda elijwayelekile kuzalwa olusha, ungasebenzisa ifomula elula. Uma uyibala, iphuzu lokuqala liyizinyanga ezingu-6 ubudala, uma ivolumu yekhanda lingama-43 cm. Uma kudingekile ukwazi isijwayelekile kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha, 1.5 cm ithathwa inyanga ngayinye, futhi uma sekudlule izinyanga ezingu-6 - 0.5 cm ngamunye inyanga yokuphila. Le ndlela ayinokwethenjelwa, ngakho-ke ivumela cishe kuphela ukuthola izintengo.
Ukuphambene nokujwayelekile
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le parameter ivame ukucatshangelwa ngokuhlanganyela nezinye izinkomba zokuthuthukiswa, ngoba ngokwehlukana umjikelezo wekhanda awukwazi ukusetshenziselwa njengeparameter yokuxilonga ngenxa yokuthi ezinye izinto ezingavamile zendabuko ngokuvamile azibhekwa njengezifo. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, uma omunye wabazali esemncane enesayizi encane yamakhanda, ingane ingase ibe nayo efanayo.
Kodwa-ke, uma leli pharamitha lidlulela kakhulu imingcele yesimiso, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubuke ngokucophelela ingane. Ngokuvamile ukwanda komthamo wekhanda kungabonisa ngokuqondile ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo.
Ngakho-ke, nge-hydrocephalus, kanye nokwanda kwesikhala sekhanda, ama- fontanels abe yi-convex, ikhanda likhulu, futhi amathambo e-skull ahlukanisa kancane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inethiwekhi evulekile yomsindo ivela ekhanda,
Esimeni esingaphambene naso, lapho umjikelezo wekhanda ungaphansi kwejwayelekile (ama-fontanel of usayizi omncane noma uvaliwe ngokuphelele), umuntu angacabanga ukuthuthukiswa kwe-microcephaly. Nokho, ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kuphela udokotela ngemva kokuhlolwa okuphelele. Indlela yokucwaninga eyinhloko yalezi zifo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-pathologies yi-ultrasound.
Ngakho, wonke umama kufanele azi imigomo yekhanda lakhe. Uma unezimpawu zokuqala ezisolisayo, kufanele ushayele ngokushesha udokotela ozoqhuba ukuhlolwa okuphelele futhi enze ukuxilongwa okufanele, ngokusho ukuthi imuphi ukwelashwa okubekiwe.