I-incubator yamaqanda - konke ukuqaphela kokusetshenziswa nokukhetha kwabaqalayo

Ukuze uhlanganyele ezinkukhu zokulima, udinga i-egg incubator ethembekile. Kukhona imikhiqizo yezimboni nezomndeni, ehlukene ngevolumu, ezenzakalelayo nezinye izici zokuklama. Ukuze ukhethe imodeli ephumelelayo, udinga ukwazi isimiso sokusebenza kwale divayisi nokutadisha imingcele eyisisekelo ethinta inqubo yokuzalanisa.

Izimo ku-incubator yamaqanda

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi une-incubator eyenziwe ekhaya eyenzelwe amaqanda noma idivaysi yemboni, ngaphandle kokunamathela ngokuqinile embusweni wokutshala, ngeke ukwazi ukuthola isikhwama esihle. "Ukuphuza amandla" izinkukhu zibuthakathaka, ziphuma kugobolondo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zihamba zimbi nakakhulu. I-brood "ephuthumayo" ine-fluff enamathele, i-isikhukhu isiphuthelwe kabi, iphesenti enkulu yama-embysi anesifo. Ukusheshisa inqubo yokufaka incubation ngokukhulisa izinga lokushisa yisinqumo esibi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, impilo yezinkukhu ku-incubator yamaqanda ithonywa umswakama, umoya wokuphuza umoya nezinye izici.

Ukushisa kwama-incubator amaqanda

Izikhathi zokufakelwa, izikhathi zokuguqula nezimo zokushisa ngezinhlobo zezinyoni ngayinye zihlukile. Izinkukhu zihlotshisiwe izinsuku ezingu-21, futhi ukuze kubonakale ama-goslings kuyadingeka ukulinda kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-29. Sebenzisa incubator eyodwa kuphela yamaqanda ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuze izinyoni , izinkukhu namadada e- guinea angumuntu onolwazi kuphela. Ngezinsuku ezahlukene, izinga lokushisa emzimbeni wezinkukhu zezinkukhu lihluka ngokuhambisana nezigaba zokuthuthukiswa kombungu. Nciphisa izinga lokushisa emibungu - kusuka ku-27 ° C kuya ku-43 ° C, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokushisa okuphezulu kwamaqanda livela kusuka ku-37 ° C kuya kuma-40 ° C, uma ukushisa kwenziwa ngezinhlangothi ezahlukene - 38.5 ° C.

Umswakama ku-incubator yamaqanda

Esinye isizathu esenza kube nzima ukuthola ukukhiqizwa okuphelele kwezinkukhu kanye namanzi asemanzini e-egg hatchery afana nezinga elihlukile lokuswakama kwezinyoni zezinyoni. Ukomiswa kwegobolondo kuholela ekukhuphukeni kwamanzi avela eqandeni, okuthinta kabi umbungu. Umswakama ngaphakathi kwe-incubator yamaqanda enkukhu kugcinwa ngokusebenzisa imigodi eyinisele engxenyeni engezansi yegodlo noma amabhayiki okubhaka efakwe ngaphansi kwe-grate, esebenzisa indlu noma abaprayisi abazenzekelayo.

Uma kungekho idivaysi ekhethekile yokushintsha umswakama (hygrometer professional), khona-ke izinga lokushisa lokushisa elimbozwe ngoboya obomvu ukotini noma indwangu yokotini kungasetshenziswa ngale njongo. Sinomshini owomile futhi omanzi ngezinga elilodwa, sivula i-incubator. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-15, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uketshezi lufakwe ngokuphelele ku-wrapper, siqhathanisa ukufunda kwabo etafuleni elikhethekile.

Umswakama ohambisanayo womoya kuye ngezibonakaliso zama thermometers ezomile nezimanzi (amazinga okushisa amazinga okushisa),%
I-thermometer eyomile, ° С	I-thermometer ejulile, ° С
I-thermometer eyomile, ° С	24	24.5	25	25.5	26	26.5	27	27.5	28	28.5	29	29.5	30	30.5	31	31.5	32	32.5	33
35	37	39	42	44	47	49	52	54	57	60	62	65	68	71	73	76	79	82	86
35.6	36	38	40	42	45	47	50	53	55	57	60	62	65	68	71	73	76	79	83
36	34	36	38	41	43	45	48	51	53	55	58	60	63	66	68	71	74	76	79
36.5	32	35	37	39	41	43	46	48	51	53	57	58	61	63	66	68	71	74	76
37	31	33	35	37	40	42	44	47	49	51	54	56	58	61	63	66	68	71	74
37.5	30	32	34	36	38	40	42	44	47	49	52	54	56	59	61	64	66	68	71
38	28	30	32	34	36	38	41	43	45	47	50	52	54	57	59	61	64	66	68
38.5	27	29	31	33	35	37	39	41	43	45	48	50	52	55	57	59	61	64	66
39	26	27	29	31	33	35	37	39	41	43	46	48	50	52	55	57	59	61	64
39.5	24	26	28	30	32	34	36	38	40	42	44	46	48	51	53	55	57	59	62
40	23	25	27	29	30	32	34	36	38	40	42	44	46	49	51	53	55	57	60

Ungakhetha kanjani i-incubator yamaqanda?

Ngaphambili, kwakungekho lula ukuthola i-incubator enhle yamaqanda kwinethiwekhi yokuhweba, abantu kwakudingeka benze amadivayisi akhiqiza kusuka epulasitiki ye-foam, i-plywood, iziqandisini ezindala nezinye izinto. Manje izitolo zigcwele imishini yalolu hlobo, kokubili ukukhiqizwa kwezilwane zasemakhaya nakwamanye amazwe, kodwa umbuzo uvela ngokukhetha okuhle kwedivaysi yekhwalithi nokuthembeka. Kumele imelane nemodi efunwayo yokufakelwa kabusha futhi iqinisekisiwe ukuthi ingayiphuli phakathi nale nqubo ebalulekile.

Imigomo yokukhetha i-incubator enhle:

I-Thermoregulator. Kunezindlela zomshini (manual) kanye nokulawulwa kwe-elekthronikhi, kodwa kunoma yikuphi isigaba sabo sokunemba kubalulekile. Imishini yasendlini, kunezinhlobo ezingu-6 zokunemba. Abalawuli be-triac abashintshi othintana nabo, kodwa besaba amaconsi amavolumu kwinethiwekhi. Isinyathelo sokubeka izinga lokushisa esiphezulu ngu-0.1 ° C.
Ukushintshaniswa kwamaqanda. I-incubator yamaqanda enendlela yokuzulazula ngokuzenzekelayo ilula kakhulu ukulondoloza, kodwa ebiza kakhulu. Amadivaysi eshibhile ayenziwe ngepulasitiki ye-foam nge-plastic grille elula.
Ukulawula umswakama. Amadivayisi athibhile awekho ama-hygrometer nhlobo, ngakho-ke kudingeka uhlole lokhu okubonisa. Izibhamu zanamuhla zinezimpande zomsakazo ngeklasi elihle lokunemba.
Ukushisa isici. Ama-incandescent ama-atsha eshibhile kakhulu, kepha ngokuvamile avutha, okuholela ekuphuleni umbuso. Manje abakhiqizi bashintshela ezakhiweni zokushisa noma i-thermo-ifilimu, enokuqina okuphezulu.
Xhuma umthombo wamandla wokusekela. Amadivaysi abizayo angakwazi ukuxhumeka kumabhethri angu-12V usebenzisa ishintshi esakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Izindlu. Ukufakwa ekamelweni elifudumele, idivaysi yanoma yikuphi okuqukethwe kufanelekile, kodwa ekamelweni elibandayo kungcono ukusebenzisa i-incubator yamaqanda ezenziwe kusuka ku-foam. I-Plastic inezinzuzo zayo - inamandla futhi kulula ukugeza.

Ama-incubators ama-egg scatings

I-Lattice ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile kunoma iyiphi i-incubator. Ikuvumela ukuba ulungise amaqanda endaweni efanele, uwaphendule ngakwesokudla. I-incubator enhle yamaqanda ifakwe ama-grids angama-universal ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, obhekene nendlela yokuzenzekelayo. Ngaphambili, zenziwe zensimbi noma ucingo, manje sekusetshenziselwa izingxenye zeplastiki. Namuhla, kulula ukuzimela ngokuzenzekelayo ukufaka ama-incubators azenzekelayo, usebenzisa ama-tray alungele yonke indawo nge-drive.

Usayizi wamaseli ajwayelekile:

amaqanda inkukhu - 0,67-0,75 mm;
for izigwaca - 0,35-0,45 mm;
ukufakwa kwamabhasi namahansi - 0.75-0.86 mm.

Indlela yokusebenzisa i-incubator?

Ngisho namadivayisi othomathikhi ngokuzenzakalelayo adinga ukuqapha kwesikhashana, kuma-incubators amaningi aseShayina, ukufundwa kwenzwa kuyona kusukela eqinisweni, ukulungiswa okushisa ngezikhathi ezithile kuyadingeka. Ebhizinisi, ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-incubator ekhaya, akukho bunzima obukhulu. Udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungabeka kanjani amaqanda ngokufanele uma uphefumlelwa umoya, uphefwe futhi uphendukile. I-nuance ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula ukuthi yikuphi izinga lokushisa okufanele lilondolozwe ngesikhathi sokutshala, ukuze ugweme ukushisa nokushisa kwemibungu.

Amaphutha amakhulu ekucubungulweni:

Ukungazi idivaysi yedivayisi, umuntu azi ukuthi angasebenzisa kanjani abalawuli, angaqondi izinga labo, usetha ukushisa okungalungile. Kunconywa ukuthi uzame okokuqala nge-incubator engenalutho, eveza amanani ahlukene ezinzwa ukuze ufunde ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani.
Umsebenzisi akalondolozi ithebula lokutshala amaqanda, alirekho isikhathi nesikhathi samabhukimakhi.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamaqanda amadala, isikhathi esiphezulu sesitoreji sabo - kuze kube amasonto amabili.
I-incubator ifakwe izinto ezingcolile nezingcolile, ezingenakulinganiswa ngezinkinga zeqanda.
Ijika ekushiseni, ukuphuma kwamandla njalo kwinethiwekhi.
I-incubator yamaqanda efakwe endaweni engafanele, eduze nebhethri yokushisa, elangeni.
Amaqanda awaphenduli ngesikhathi.

Ilungiselela i-incubator yebhukimakhi

Qinisekisa ukuthi ufunda ipasipoti yedivayisi kanye nomklamo wayo, amamodeli endala ahluke kakhulu ezinkalweni zesampula entsha. Ukulungiswa kwe-incubator yomsebenzi kuqala nge-disinfection yezinto zayo zangaphakathi nge-ecocide, i-chloramine, i-formaldehyde. Geza isembozo, umzimba, amathreyi, ama-grilles. Sifaka i-incubator endaweni efudumele, kude nohlaka, amabhethri namafasitela avulekile. Beka endaweni ephepheni. Sivula i-incubator, ulungise ama-sensor ekushiseni okufunayo, ngemva kwamahora angu-24, ngemuva kokufudumala nokuhlola zonke izinkomba, silungele ukusetshenziswa.

Amamodi wokutshala amaqanda ku-incubator

Uma ufunde ukuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani kahle i-incubator, ukugcina imodi esethiwe kuqala kuyoba lula. Ungakhohlwa mayelana nokuvuthwa kwekhamera, abanikazi bamadivaysi ezenzakalelayo bavame ukuyikhiqiza, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukukhushulwa kwezinkukhu. Ngamafutha aphansi, bazalwa benokukhubazeka, amacebo, ngokuvamile a naklia engxenyeni engenhla yegobolondo. Umswakama owanele uholela ekuzalweni kwenzalo encane nebuthakathaka, futhi lapho umswakama ophezulu i-naklev ivela ngokulibaziseka.

Umbuso wokushisa wokufakelwa kwezikhukhu:

Izinsuku ezingu-1-6 - 38 ° C,
Izinsuku ezingu-7-11 - 37.5-37.7 ° C,
Usuku lwe-12-20 - 37.3-37.5 ° C,
Usuku 21 - ukuvela kwezinkukhu ezivela egobolondo.

Umbuso omswakama owenziwe amaqanda ezinkukhu:

Izinsuku ezingu-1-7 - 50-55%,
Izinsuku ezingu-8-14 - 45-50%,
Usuku lwe-15-18 - 50%,
Izinsuku ezingu-19-21 - kufika ku-70%

Kumele kube yiziphi amaqanda for the incubator?

Isisindo samanzi amaqanda sithatha indima enkulu, ngoba izinhlobo zamaqanda ezinkukhu ziba ngamagremu angama-60, ngezinhlobo ze-broiler - 70 g. Masinyane lahla impahla ephukile nengcolile, zama ukuhlola igobolondo lezinkukhu ezincane nezimbongolo. Kungcono ukusebenzisa amaqanda asanda kuhlanganiswa ukuze kusetshenziselwe ukufakelwa, kulokhu ithuba lokuthola isivuno esihle sezinkukhu landa kakhulu. Ingaphakathi lamaqanda lihlolwe nge-ovoscope eqeqeshiwe noma eyenziwe ngokwezifiso.

Yiziphi amaqanda okumele abe yi-incubator lapho ecwaninga imifino:

Ikamelo lomoya lisekupheleni kokuphela.
I-yolk iseduze eduze nendawo.
I-yolk iyonke futhi ingasakazeki.
Awekho amabala amnyama noma ukufakwa okubomvu.
Lapho iqanda lijikeleza, i-yolk ayifuni.

Iqanda lilele isikhathi esingakanani ku-incubator?

Umbuzo obalulekile, ukuthi uhlala isikhathi eside kangakanani ukugcina amaqanda ku-incubator, kuxhomeke ekuzaleni kwenyoni. Naklev in izinkukhu ibonakala kusuka ezinsukwini ezingu-19, isikhathi isilinganiso isilinganiso ukufakwa incubation izinsuku ezingu-21. Amadada nama-turkeys abhakwa ngosuku lwama-25-26 ngesikhatsi sokufakelwa isikhathi sezinsuku ezingu-28. Amaqanda e-goose ahlala ku-incubator isikhathi eside kunazo zonke, aluma kusukela ngosuku lwango-28, futhi ukuhoxiswa kwe-goslings kwe-mass kwenzeka ngosuku 31. Izinkukhu kumele zizikhethele eqanda, uma ziphazamisa inqubo yemvelo, kunengozi enkulu yokulimaza uhlelo lokujikeleza.

Indlela yokubeka amaqanda ku-incubator?

Amaqanda ngaphambi kokufakelwa ukufakwa emzimbeni agcinwe egumbini elipholile, usuku ngaphambi kokuba agcinwe amahora angama-12 at 25 ° C. Ama-Nestlings akhula kangcono entwasahlobo ngotshani obuluhlaza, lapho ukushisa kungakapheli, ngakho-ke isikhathi esihle sokubeka amaqanda sisuka ekupheleni kukaFebruwari kuya ku-May wokuqala. Kunconywa ukuba wenze le nqubo engxenyeni yesibili yosuku, khona-ke amaphuzu okuqala aphuza ekuseni, futhi ekupheleni kosuku ukufakelwa ukushiswa kuzoqedwa ngokuphelele. Kule ndaba, indlela yokubeka amaqanda ku-incubator, indima yabo emgodini udlala indima, ukufudumala okungcono, ukubeka ngaphakathi ngaphakathi noma ngaphansi kokuthambekela.

Indlela yokuguqula amaqanda ku-incubator?

Indlela yokwenza amaqanda ku-incubator yenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa, lapho kwenzeka khona kuphela udinga ukugcina isimiso esihleliwe. Ku-incubators ngaphandle kokujikeleza okuzenzakalelayo kwamatayipi, le nqubo yenziwa ngesandla. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, imibungu iyahambisana nezindonga bese ifa. Kunconywa ukuthi uhlanganise lo msebenzi ne-ventilation yedivayisi. Kunconywa ukuthi ufake amalebula kumaqanda ukuze ungahambi kahle ngendawo yokujikeleza. Kuze kube usuku lwama-19, inqubo yenziwa izikhathi ezine ngosuku, bese siyeka ukupompa nokuguqula.