I-Oedipus ne-Electra izinkimbinkimbi ezinganeni

Ukukhulisa ingane kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kuyathandeka. Ukuba ngabazali kuphela, singaphinda sibuyele ebuntwaneni futhi singene ezweni elithakazelisayo lemidlalo. Noma kunjalo, ukwakha ubudlelwane nomuntu omncane uthembisa izithiyo eziqhubekayo. Futhi ngokuyisisekelo zithonya ingqondo futhi zithinta ubuhlobo benzalo nabazali bazo. Ikakhulukazi iphathelene nenkathi lapho ingane iqala ukuqaphela ukuthi uyini. Uma unezinkinga ezifanayo, ungasheshi ukuzwakala i-alamu bese ubheka izinkinga ekuthuthukiseni ingane. Ezinye zazo ziyisikhathi esijwayelekile. Esinye sezibonelo ezikhanyayo yi-Electra ne-Oedipus eyinkimbinkimbi.

Inkolelo kaFrud yokuzicabangela

Isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo esidumile uSigmund Freud sanikeza umhlaba inkolelo yokuthi umuntu ozelwe ngokuzalwa unesimo socansi. Umphumela wesibonakaliso salezi zinhlobo zingase zibe izinkinga ezihlukahlukene zempilo yengane. Ngokusho kukaFreud, ukuthuthukiswa komuntu siqu kufana nokuthuthukiswa kwengqondo. Ngenxa yalokhu kuxhumana, isiphetho somuntu, isici sakhe, kanye nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene zengqondo noma izinkinga zokuphila. Ukuba khona kwezinkinga ezihlukahlukene lapho umuntu esekhulile noma ukungabikho kwabo kuxhomeke esimweni sezinyathelo zokuthuthukiswa kwengqondo. Kukhona okungu-4 kubo: ngomlomo, e-anal, phallic and genital. Sizoxoxa ngokuningiliziwe ngesigaba se-phallic.

Esikhathini esiyiminyaka emi-3 ukuya kweyisithupha, izithakazelo zomntwana ziqala ukwakha ezungeze izitho zangasese. Ngalesi sikhathi, izingane ziqala ukuhlola izitho zabo zocansi bese zibuza imibuzo ehlobene nobuhlobo bobulili. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kukhona ukungqubuzana komuntu uFrud abiza ngokuthi i-Oedipus complex (kubafana) noma i-Electra complex (kumantombazane). Ngokusho kwezinganekwane, iNkosi u-Oedipus yabulala uyise ngengozi futhi wangena ebuhlotsheni obuseduze nomama wayo. Lapho eqaphela ukuthi wenze izinto ezingenakulinganiswa, u-Oedipus waphuphuthekisa. UFrud udlulisele lesi sibonelo esigabeni se-phallic futhi wabonisa ukuthi kuyinkimbinkimbi njengesifiso esingenasici somntwana sokuqeda umzali wobulili obufanayo naye, nokuba nomzali wobulili obuhlukile. Emantombazaneni nabafana lo mkhuba ubonakala ngezindlela ezahlukene.

  1. I-Oedipus inkimbinkimbi kubafana. Into yokuqala kanye ekhanyayo yothando lomuntu wesikhathi esizayo ngumama wakhe. Kusukela ekuqaleni uyanelisa zonke izidingo zakhe. Ukukhula, lo mfana ufunda ukuveza imizwa yakhe kanye nabanye abantu abenzayo, abheka kuwo. Ngamanye amazwi, umfana udlala indima kayise, umlingisa ekuvezeni imizwa kumama, futhi ubaba ngokwakhe ngaleso sikhathi umncintiswano wengane. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, abazali abaningi bangaqaphela indlela umfana ephikisa upapa uma ebeka unina noma efungela ukuthi uzomshada lapho ekhula. Nokho, kancane kancane ingane iyaqonda ukuthi akunangqondo ukukala amandla noyise futhi yesaba ukuziphindisela. UFreud wabiza lo mzwelo ukuthi ukwesaba ukuxoshwa futhi ukholelwa ukuthi yilokho kwesaba okwenza umfana akhiphe lokho akushoyo kunina.
  2. I-electra emantombazaneni. Umdwebo wakhe wawungenye yezinkolelo zamaGreki, lapho intombazane egama layo lingu-Electra etshela umfowabo u-Orestes ukuthi abulale unina nomthandi womama ngokuphindiselela ukufa kukayise. Ngakho-ke, ukungena esiteji se-phallic, intombazane iyaqaphela ukuthi ayifani noyise, inesakhiwo esithile sezitho zangasese, okubonakala sengathi ingane ayinaki. Intombazane enomona wokuthi uyise unamandla phezu komama futhi ufuna ukuhlala naye njengomuntu. Umama, naye, uba ngumphikisi oyintombazane. Kancane kancane lo wesifazane osemncane uphonsela ukunxanela uyise futhi, ngokungafani nomama, ngandlela-thile uthola indlela yokuziphatha kubaba wakhe, futhi, njengoba ekhulile, efuna ngokucophelela umuntu ofana naye. Lapho umuntu esekhulile, ama-echoes enkampanini ye-Elektra angabonakala ekuthandaneni, ukukhohlisa nokuziphatha ngokocansi kwabafazi.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuqala kwesigaba sama-phallic, okuyiminyaka engaba ngu-3-6, kumele kube yisilingo esinzima kubazali. Ukuqhathaniswa ngokocansi kwengane kunenhlangano ehlakaniphile kakhulu, futhi ukushaqeka okuncane kungabangela ukuhlukunyezwa kwengqondo kwengane. Lapho usukhulile, lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ebuhlotsheni obuhlukile bobulili obuhlukile, ukungafani okuhlukahlukene ngendlela yeziphambeko noma izifo zengqondo.

Yini abazali okufanele bayenze? Uma uqaphela ukuthi ingane ifika kumzali oyedwa futhi kuyo yonke indlela ingalahla okwesibili, kufanelekile ukuchaza ukuthi lo muntu oseduze obiza ukuthi uyamhlonipha futhi uyamthanda ingane. Ungabonisi ingane yakho ubuhlobo bakho. Ungamgodli noma udlale imidlalo eseduze naye, ukuze ungalimazi ingane yengqondo. Uma isimo siyinkimbinkimbi futhi sihlala isikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukuxhumana nengane ne-psychotherapist. Ngokushesha izinyathelo zokulungisa zizoqhubeka, uma ingane ingase ibe nethuba lokuba nobuhlobo obuvamile nobulili obuhlukile ngesikhathi sokuguga.