Esifundeni esizimele saseMurcia yichweba elincane laseMedithera laseSpain - idolobha laseCartagena. Ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi inkulu futhi iningi - kunezakhamuzi ezingaphezu kuka-210 000 kuphela. Uma sikhuluma ngokuthi i-Cartagena ikuphi, khona-ke yilo olwandle oluseningizimu-mpumalanga yezwe. Le ndawo isendaweni ephansi, ogwini oluseningizimu ye-peninsula yePalos echwebeni elincane. Engxenyeni esenyakatho yeCartagena ibhajwe yizintaba, naseningizimu-ntshonalanga - ngezintaba. Naphezu kokuthi idolobha elikhulu liyizimboni zaseSpain, kunezinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo. Ngakho-ke, sizokutshela ukuthi yini ongayibona eCaragagena, kahle, kuyoba lula kuwe ukuhlela uhambo lwakho lokuvakasha.
Umlando weCartagena
Umuzi wasungulwa esikhathini esidlule - ukukhulunywa kokuqala kwawo kusukela ngo-227 BC. I-Cartagena yasungulwa ngumphathi weCarthage uGarrubal esakhiweni sokuhlala kwaseMastia yasendulo. Ekuqaleni lo mhlaba wanikezwa igama likaKvart Hadast. Kamuva empizeni yamaPunic, idolobha lithathwe ngaphansi kwegunya lebutho lamaRoma futhi laziwa ngokuthi iCartagena.
Phakathi nokubusa kwamaRoma, iCartagena yafinyelela phezulu. Ngokuwa koMbuso WaseRoma, umuzi wawunqotshwa yizizwe, ngemva kwalokho amaVisigoths, kamuva waba yinhloko-dolobha yesifundazwe saseSpain soMbuso WaseByzantine. Ngo-1245, iCartagena yahlanganiswa yiNkosi Alfonso X yaseCastile. Kancane kancane umuzi waba yindawo ebaluleke kakhulu yezempi, kwakhiwe izakhiwo zokuzivikela. Iphuzu lalivame ukuhileleka ezimpini ezihlukahlukene. Kusukela ngekhulu le-19, umnotho kanye nembonini yezimayini zakha lapha. Kukhona iqiniso elithakazelisayo: I-Cartagena yayiyidolobha lokugcina lokuzinikezela emaqenjini omholi wesibindi uFrancisco Franco phakathi neMpi Yombango ngo-1936-1939.
I-Cartagena, eSpain: izivakashi ezikhangayo
Umlando wasendulo wedolobha ushiye uphawu olukhulu empilweni yakhe yangempela. Iningi lezinto ezikhangayo libhekisela esikhathini sokubusa kwamaRoma. Lapha, isibonelo, yizinsalela zezemidlalo yamaRoma. Yakhelwe ngekhulu lokuqala le-1 ngaphansi kuka-Emperor Augustus. Kuze kube manje, kubuyiselwe futhi kuphenduke umyuziyamu omuhle, lapho ungajwayela khona umlando wedolobha nomklami wayo. Izindawo zokuhlala kanye namanxiwa e-colonade yaseRoma, umbhoshongo wokungcwaba i-La Torre Ciega ne-Amphitheater yamaRoma, izakhi zazo ezazisetshenziselwa ukwakha izinkunzi, isakhiwo sezakhiwo iDumumano.
Phakathi kwezinto ezikhangayo eCagagagena kukhona amaxhaphozi eCathhedral yaseSanta Maria de la Vieja. Isakhiwo sakhiwe ngekhulu le-13, kodwa phakathi nempi yombango yabhujiswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikhumbuzo eziqakathekileko zokwakhiwa komuzi yiyona ngqongquthela yaseLa Concepción, inqaba yaseLa Navidad, ihholo ledolobha lasePaseo de Alfonso, iNqaba ye-Aggir nezinye izakhiwo eziningi. Lapho bevakashele umuzi, cishe bonke abavakashelezi babeka iziteshi zabo ezinqoleni ezinkulu kunazo zonke eYurophu nakwa-Naval Staff.
Bheka ukubaluleka kwakho futhi emthonjeni wamatshe oyisimangaliso. Kuyinkomba yasemanzini yasePerala, esetshenziswe ekuqaleni njengemodeli ye-submarine yokuqala yaseSpain kusukela ngo-1890.
Ukubuka okuvelele futhi okunemibala kulindele izivakashi ku-Mar Menor. Okubizwa okuthiwa i-lagoon epholile, ehlukaniswa noLwandle iMedithera nge-isthmus encane. I-lagoon ayijule - cishe i-7 m, kodwa amanzi, ahlanzekile futhi anamanzi, agubha amazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ngakho-ke, inkathi yokubhukuda iqala kusukela entwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwekwindla. Ungakwazi ukuphumula ebhishi hhayi lapha kuphela. Amanye amabhishi angcono kakhulu eCagagagena ase-Costa Calida. Yiqiniso, yonke indawo ogwini ludaka futhi luyingozi.
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