Ukuvuthwa kwe-egg kungenye yezinyathelo zomjikelezo wesimiso. I-Ovogenesis yigama lesayense yenqubo yokwakheka kweqanda kuma-ovari. Ukuma kweqanda kuyinkimbinkimbi, iqukethe ukudla okunomsoco wokusekela impilo yombungu emagabeni okuqala okuthuthukiswa.
Umjikelezo wonke wokuya esikhathini ulawulwa ama-hormone, izinga lawo liphuma ngaleso sikhathi, bese linciphisa egazini. Uma izinga le-horlicone-evuselela i-hormone landa, iqanda likhula (livuthwa).
Iqanda livuthiwe kangaki izinsuku?
Inkathi yokuvuthwa kweqanda ingahlala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya enyangeni, kepha ngokuvamile inqubo yokuvuthwa kwamaqanda kuthatha amasonto amabili.
Ku-follicles ngokwabo, i-hormone estrogen ikhiqizwa, ngaphandle kokuthi yikuphi ukuvuthwa kweqanda evamile nokuvuthwa akunakwenzeka. Uma i-estrogen ifinyelela ezingeni elithile (esiphezulu), i-pituitary gland iyandisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kolunye uhlobo lwe-hormone, i-luteinizing. Ngaphansi kwethonya laleli hormone, i-ovum evuthiwe ishiya u-follicle, i-ovulation kwenzeka.
Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ukuvuthwa okwenziwa ngesikhathi esisodwa kwamaqanda amabili, ngokufaka umanyolo ngesikhathi esisodwa lapho ukukhanya kuzovela khona amawele. Akuzona ukuthi zizofana kakhulu, ngoba zihlukile. Kodwa uma isigaba sokuhlukaniswa kweqanda elilodwa elikhukhulayo lihlukaniswa zibe izingxenye ezimbili noma ngaphezulu, khona-ke amawele afanayo afanayo azozalwa.
Insikazi yegciwane lesifazane, lapho umzimba onempilo ungathuthuka ngenxa yokukhulelwa, iqukethe i-haploid (elilodwa) isethi yama-chromosomes. Umphumela wokugcina uncike kunoma yiliphi i-chromosomes iqanda linalo. Uma ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa emaqanda kukhona ukwephulwa kwesakhiwo sama-chromosomes noma ushintsho kwinombolo yabo, khona-ke liyiqanda elingavamile. Uma iqanda elinjalo lingeniswa, khona-ke ezimweni eziningi umbungu okhulayo kuwo ufa kwenye yezinyathelo zokukhulelwa.
Iqanda lilungele ukukhulelwa nini?
Ngemuva kokuvuthwa kwe-ovulation kwenzeka futhi iqanda elivuthiwe livele lisuka ku-follicle kuya emgodini wesisu, lithathwe yi-tube fallopian futhi liqondiswe engxenyeni yalo yangaphakathi. Iqanda lihla kancane le tube kuya esibelethweni. Lesi yisikhathi esihle kakhulu sokukhulelwa kweqanda. Uma ukukhulelwa kungenzi, khona-ke kungakapheli amahora angu-24 iqanda lizofa. Ukuze ukwandise amathuba okukhulelwe, udinga ukwazi ukuthi yiliphi ilanga elivuthiwe. Ngokujwayelekile iqanda elivuthiwe lilungele ukukhulelwa ngosuku lwesishiyagalolunye lomjikelezo. Lolu suku luhle kakhulu ekukhuliseni.
Kungani iqanda lingavuthi?
Kunezizathu eziningana zalesi senzakalo. Okuvame kakhulu kubo:
- izinkinga nge-ovulation, lapho umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini ufushane noma, ngokuphambene, isikhathi eside kakhulu. Kukhona ingozi ukuthi iqanda alikwazi ukuvuthwa noma alinamandla;
- ukukhubazeka kwama-ovari ngenxa yokukhiqizwa kabi kwamahomoni adingekayo, yingakho inqubo yokuvuthwa kwe-follicle iphazamiseka. Iqanda kuleli cala alivuthanga nhlobo, noma alikwazi ukusebenza. Izinkinga ze-hormonal ngezinye izikhathi ziholela ekungabikho ngokuphelele kokuya esikhathini nokuvuthwa kwamaqanda. Ukuhlukunyezwa kungathinteki kuphela amahomoni ocansi, kodwa futhi kune-pancreas ye-thyroid;
- ukuphazamiseka kwezakhi zofuzo, njenge-Turner's syndrome, kuholela ekuzalweni kwamantombazane angaphili kahle kakhulu noma angenayo i-ovaries engapheli, okwenza inqubo yokuvuthwa kwamaqanda akunakwenzeka;
- izifo ezihlukahlukene kanye nezifo ezihlukahlukene - i-polycystic ovary, ukwephula emgodini wesibeletho somlomo wesibeletho, ukuguguleka kwesisu somlomo wesibeletho, ukulimala kwamatayipi angama-fallopian, izibazi ezikhwameni ze-ovarian ngemuva kokuhlinzwa - konke lokhu kuholela ekulahlekelweni okuphelele noma okuncane kokukwazi ukudala i-ovum ephelele.
