Ukwelashwa kwe-Cataract kuyindlela evamile, njengoba kungenye yezifo ezivame ukwelapha izifo namuhla. Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko salesi sifo ukuwohloka kombono. Iziguli ezinesifo sengculazi zibona konke njengokungaqondakali nokudakayo - njengokungathi zibuka umhlaba ngeglasi elivulekile noma i-cellophane.
Iyini i-cataract - izimbangela zayo nemiphumela yayo?
Lesi sifo siwumfutho we-lens, okuholela ekuboneni okuncane futhi kungaholela ekulahlekelweni okuphelele. Izinguquko, njengombuso, zenzeka kancane kancane, kodwa kuhle ukuba uqale ukwelashwa kwe-cataract ngokubonakala kwezimpawu zokuqala. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukuvimbela imiphumela eminingi engathandeki, njenge:
- I-glaucoma ye-Phacogenic. Le nkinga iyanda ngokwanda kokucindezelwa kwe-intraocular. Ihambisana nekhanda, ukuzwa okungajabulisi iso.
- I-amblyopia engavamile. Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu ezinganeni futhi siwumphumela wesifo sokubeletha. Kuphazamisa umsebenzi onempilo we-retina futhi kungaholela ekukhubazekeni kwasebancane.
- I-phacolytic iridocyclitis. Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa phambi kwenqubo yokuvuvukala emzimbeni we-iris ne-ciliary.
Yini ebangela ukubola? Izimbangela ze-lens zensiza yeso zinezinto ezilandelayo:
- ukulimala kanye nokulimala kwemishini;
- udlulisele izifo ezithathelwanayo;
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- ukulungiswa kwesintu.
I-cataract congenital - izimbangela
Ukubonakala kwe-lens yeso kwenzeka ezinkambeni ezimbili eziyinhloko. Izitho zombono zingakhiwa ngokungalungile ekuqaleni. Lokhu kubangelwa yizifo ezithathelwanayo zangaphakathi kwe-intrauterine, umama azohlupheka ngazo ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, noma i-chromosomal pathologies. "Isimo" sesibili sokuthuthukiswa kwesifo yilona ukunqotshwa kwe-lens esele yenziwe, ebangelwa ukuphazanyiswa komzimba, ukuhlukunyezwa kanye nomthelela wezinto ezihlukahlukene zangaphandle ezilimazayo.
Yingakho ukwelashwa kwe-cataract kungadingeka:
- i-rubella;
- i-herpes virus;
- i-toxoplasmosis;
- ukutheleleka kwe-cytomegalovirus;
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- galactosemia.
I-Cataract - ibangela ekuncane
I-clouding yokuqala ye-lens ezimweni eziningi iqala ngesizinda sokulimala kwamehlo. Inkinga ukuthi ihlala endaweni efanele ngenxa yemigqa emincane kakhulu. Kusukela ekushaqeni okuqinile nokuthuthumela, lesi siphequluli singaqedwa, futhi ukuphazamiseka kwe-lens kuphazamiseka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cataract kubantu abasha ingahlakulela ngenxa yezimo ezimbi zemvelo. Ukungcoliswa kwemvelo okwandayo kuthinta ingculazi kanye nezinqubo zokusebenzisa umzimba, ezingenakuthinta isimo samehlo.
Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa kwe-cataract kuyadingeka ngenxa yemiphumela yama-ultraviolet imisebe. Ilanga manje seliba nobudlova ikakhulukazi, ngoba imisebe enkulu kakhulu iyakwazi ukuvusa ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Futhi ingozi ye-ultraviolet ihlobo kanye nobusika (imisebe eboniswa ngeqhwa ngezinye izikhathi iyingozi nakakhulu).
Ezinye izimbangela ze-cataracts "zakudala" ziyisifo sikashukela kanye nesimo sokuzalwa kwesintu. Izinga elikhuphukile le-glucose liholela ekwandeni kokwakheka kwe-liquid okugeza i-lens. Ngenxa yalokho - kwakhiwa okuthiwa i-cataract yesifo sikashukela. Okubalulekile kanye nefa - uma umuntu osondelene nezihlobo esondelene naye, umuntu kufanele anake amehlo akhe ngokukhethekile.
I-cataract ephindaphindiwe ngemuva kokufaka esikhundleni se-lens
Kubuye kwenzeke ukuthi lesi sifo siphume ngisho nangemva kokuthi i-lens encane ishintshiwe. Ukwelashwa kwesibili kwesizathu sokuqala kulula - isifo sibonakala njengomphumela wokukhula kwezingcingo eziphansi ezingenalutho. Eqinisweni, lesi senzakalo sihlotshaniswa ne-cloudiness ye-sacsular sac, lapho i-lens yokufakelwa ifakwa khona.
Ukwelashwa kwe-cataract ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa
Iziguli eziningi ezine-cataracts zinesithakazelo kulo mbuzo - kungenzeka yini ngenkinga enjengokukhanya kwe-lens, ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Ayikho impendulo engacacile kuyo. Iqiniso liwukuthi izindlela zokuzimela zingasetshenziswa, kodwa zingazuza kuphela uma zaqala ekuqaleni, lapho lesi sifo singakabi khona. Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa kuphela kwe-cataract kuyasebenza.
I-Cataract - ukwelashwa, amaconsi
Uma inkinga itholakale ngesikhathi, udokotela anganikeza ukwelapha okushintshe okulungiswayo. Ukwelashwa kokuqala kwe-cataract kuhilela ukwethulwa kwezinto ezweni, ngenxa yokungabi nalesi sifo esikhulayo. Njengoba lokhu kuyisifo esingapheli, kuyodingeka ukuthi ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa cishe njalo. Ukuphazamiseka okwesikhashana kungaholela ekuthuthukeni kwesifo kanye nombono okhubazekile.
Inkinga enjengokufaka i-lens iso, ukwelashwa kuhilela amaconsi alandelayo:
- I-Taufon ;
- Vicaine;
- I-Vitafakol;
- I-Quinax ;
- I-Vitaydurol;
- I-Taurine ;
- Oftan-katachrom;
- I-Senkatalinom.
Ukuphathwa kwe-Cataract ngamakhambi abantu ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa
Kunezindlela zokupheka onokumelana nazo neziqu ze-lens, nangokwelashwa okunye. Sezisetshenziswe isikhathi eside, futhi uma ukwelashwa kuqaliswa ngesikhathi, ukungenelela kokuhlinza nokuvakashela njalo ophthalmologist kungagwenywa. Ukwelashwa kwe-Cataract yamakhambi abantu kuvumela ezihlukahlukene. Imithi elula futhi engabizi kakhulu i-honey lotion. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, umkhiqizo kufanele uhlanganiswe ngokulinganisela okulinganayo ngamanzi.
Ukwelashwa kwe-cataract ne-dill akusebenzi nakancane. Imbewu yokutshala ibilise, bese isetshenziswa esikhwameni se-gauze noma elineni ngaphambi kokulala. Ngokufanayo, i-decoction esekelwe emaqabunga e-burdock, umama nomama wesifazane, izincwadi zokuqala kanye nezinye amakhambi asezokwelapha asetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abanesifo sengculazi kufanele bengezwe ekudleni kwama- blueberries futhi ngezikhathi ezithile baphuze amazambane umhluzi.
Ukwelashwa kwe-cataract - ukusebenza
Ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokwelapha i-lens opacity. Lezi zinsuku ngesikhathi kusetshenzwa isuswe futhi zithathwe indawo yensiza ebonakalayo ebonakalayo. Ngaphambi kokuphulukisa i-cataracts, kubalulekile ukubala yonke imingcele ye "indawo" futhi ucacise ama-nuances ngokuphathelene ne-anesthesia. Njengomthetho, iziguli zinikwe i-anesthesia yendawo, kodwa abanye abantu bayelulekwa ukuba bathathe isilwane ngaphambi kokuya kwenqubo.
Ukuphathwa kwe-Cataract nge-laser
Ukuxilongwa kwe-cataract iso laser treatment kunconywa iziguli eziningi. Loluhlobo lwezokwelapha lubhubhisa ilensi egcwele kahle ngaphakathi kweso. Akukho ukusikeka okucatshangwa kulokhu. Ngemva kokuchotshozwa ngosizo lwe-ultrasound, i-microparticles ye-lens ikhishwa ngaphandle, futhi i-lens yokufakelwa ifakwa. Inzuzo enkulu yokwelashwa kwe-laser yukuthi ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa udokotela ubona ukucaca okucacile kokubukeka kwesithathu kweso esibukweni, okuqinisekisa ukulawula ukunemba kwenqubo.
Ngemuva kokuba i-lens ishintshwe, amehlo asiguli alulame ngokushesha. Ngenxa yokuthi ukusebenza akuyona ingavamile, izinkinga zivinjelwe. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukwelashwa kwe-laser kukhulu kunabo bonke abanye izinhlobo zokusebenza ezifanele ukufakwa kwamalensi wamanje, ngokufakwa okudingayo "isidleke" esilungiselelwe kahle. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngokushintsha kancane, ukukhubazeka okubukwayo kungenzeka.
Ukwelashwa kwe-cataract yokuhlinzwa
Namuhla, izindlela zokwelapha ze-cataract zivumela lokhu:
- Isizinda se-Extracapsular. Iqukethe ekususeni kwe-nucleus ye-lens kanye nezixuku ezinkulu zamalensi. Kulesi simo, i-capsule yangemva kokuhlala ihlala isohlo, ngaleyo ndlela iqinisekise ukuphepha kwesithintelo phakathi kwengxenye yangaphambili yeso ne-vitreous cavity. Imisebenzi encane - ngokuhlukunyezwa okukhulu.
- I-phacoemulsification ye-ultrasonic. Yenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-phacoemulsifier. Idivaysi ifakwa ekamelweni elingaphambi kwamehlo ngokusebenzisa umshini omncane. Khona-ke, ngaphansi kwethonya le-ultrasound, i-substance ye-lens iba i-emulsion futhi isusiwe esweni. Ukugcina kokugcina ukufakwa kwe-lens.
- Isizinda se-Intracapsular. Ngenxa yokwehla okukhulu, le nqubo ayifuni ukusetshenziswa manje. Isisekelo salo sisekususweni kwe-lens kanye ne-capsule ngokusebenzisa ukuqubuka okukhulu ngokuziqhwaza kudivayisi ye-cryoextractor.
I-cataract yesibili ngemuva kokufaka esikhundleni se-lens - ukwelashwa
Isidingo sokwelapha kabusha sabonakala ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kokuqala ukususa lensi . Ukwelashwa kwe-cataract yesibili kuhlanganisa i-capsulotomy. Le nqubo ukungaxhunyiwe kwe-capsule ezenze izinguquko. Nakuba le ndlela ibhekwa ukuthi iyona kuphela ephumelelayo empini yokulwa nesifo sengculazi. Ukucabangela kwenziwa ngezindlela ezahlukene.
Uma kutholakala ukwelashwa kwesibili kwe-cataract nge-laser kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu. Ukusebenzisa i-laser, imbobo enkulu yomjikelezo yenziwa nge-capsule yangemva kwe-lens. Lezi zinsuku zidlulela eceleni kwe-visual axis, ukuze i-ray yokukhanya ingene ngqo endaweni yangaphakathi ye-retina. Ngenxa yalokhu ukuxhaphaza, umbono wesiguli uthuthuke ngokuphawulekayo.