Ikhamera yevidiyo ekhethiwe ngokufanele yokubhekwa kwevidiyo izohlinzeka ngokubukezwa okudingekile kwe-périmeter ekamelweni noma kwisayithi enezindleko zokuthenga okuphansi. Manje kuhlongozwa izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo zazo, ukuze kungabikho ukudideka ezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukutadisha izici zobuchwepheshe zamadivayisi wevidiyo.
Izinhlobo zekhamera zevidiyo zokuhlola ividiyo
Okokuqala sidinga ukubala ukuthi yini okudingeka ukuthi idivayisi isetshenziswe, imingcele yayo yobuchwepheshe. Isibonelo, ngaphambi kokukhetha ikhamera yokuhlola engaphandle, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi izindlu zedivayisi kufanele zivalwe, mhlawumbe zihlome umsebenzi oshisayo. Ukuze uhlele ukulandelela ngaphakathi kwegumbi, amakamelo wedome ngaphandle kwama-protective hoods avame ukufakwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke ama-detectors wevidiyo ahlukaniswe ngo-analogue, digital. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo usendleleni isignali yevidiyo isetshenziswa ngayo futhi idluliselwe.
Amakhamera wevidiyo ye-Digital yevidiyo yokubhekwa
Ikhamera yevidiyo ye-IP ehambile yevidiyo ye-video yokubhekwa kusuka kumatrikhi kufomatiwe nge-Wi-Fi, 3G , 4G noma i-intanethi ithumela kwisiphakeli sefu, i-PC, i-DVR. Amakhamera we-Digital amkhiqizo isithombe njenge-HD (720p), i-Full HD (1080p), nangaphezulu - 4K (kufika ku-12Mp). Kuvidiyo, ungabheka izici ezivamile zomuntu, nobuso bakhe, imininingwane encane ehlukile. Uma ugxila kwikhwalithi yesithombe (ikakhulukazi uma kucacisiwe), ngakho-ke uma unquma ukuthi yiziphi amakhamera zokuqapha okusemqoka, kufanele umelele ku-model digital IP. Izinzuzo zobuchwepheshe be-IP:
- Isinqumo esiphezulu.
- Ukuba khona kwekheli le-IP, ikhamera efunayo inganqunywa kwi-intanethi.
- Kungenzeka ukugcinwa kwirekhodi kuseva.
- Iprosesa icindezela idatha, okunciphisa umthwalo kwinethiwekhi.
Amakhamera wevidiyo ye-Analog yokuqapha ividiyo
Amakhamera we-analog awaziwayo asebenza ngezimpawu ze-PAL ne-NTSC, xhuma ngqo ekubonisweni ngekhebula. Uma udinga ukurekhoda okwenzekayo, udinga ukuxhuma kwinethiwekhi noma inethiwekhi ye-DVR. Amadivaysi okuqala akakwazanga ukunikeza isithombe ngesinqumo esiphezulu futhi walahlekelwa ikhwalithi yesithombe ngamanani. Eminyakeni emibili eyedlule emakethe yama-analog model kwakukhona ukuphumelela - amazinga amasha avela:
- I-AHD;
- I-HD-TVI;
- I-HD-CVI.
Manje, ngisho namakhamera we-analog akhiqiza izinga elihambisana ne-HD (720p) ne-Full HD (1080p). Ngo-2017 ama-megapixel ama-megapixel angama-3 ama-megapixel athengiswa. Ngakho ikhamera ye-analog yevidiyo yesimanje yevidiyo yokubhekwa iyakwazi ukuncintisana namamodeli we-IP. Izinzuzo eziningi ezicacile:
- Ingqalasizinda ayikho ngaphansi kokuhlaselwa kwe-hacker kanye negciwane.
- Idlulisela isithombe ngesikhathi sangempela ngaphandle kokulibala.
- Izindleko eziphansi, ukufakwa okulula.
- Ukuxhumeka kwamadivaysi akhishwe ngamamaki ahlukene.
- Ikhamera yevidiyo yasemgwaqweni ye-analogue yokubukwa kwamavidiyo ibonisa ngokugcwele kungakhathaliseki ukukhanya.
- Kuyafaneleka ukubanikeza okuthandayo lapho udinga ukudubula ngokunyakaza.
Iyini ikhamera yokuqapha?
Ikhamera yevidiyo yesimanje yevidiyo yokubhekwa iyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu yokuphepha. Le nqubo yenza izinhlobo ezahlukene zemisebenzi, kuye ngezici zokusebenza, intengo yayo ingahluka kakhulu. Ukuhlukaniswa kwamakhamera wevidiyo wokubhekwa kwevidiyo endaweni yokufakwa:
- I-Street - zihleli ngaphandle kwesakhiwo.
- Ngaphakathi - akufanele kusetshenziswe ngaphandle.
Ngendlela yokudluliswa kwedatha:
- I-Wired - isignali ithunyelwa nge-fibre, isibini esontekile, intambo ye-coaxial.
- Okungenantambo - ukufakwa kwenethiwekhi akudingeki, udinga amandla.
Ngokukhiqiza umbala:
- Umbala - ukudubula kugxile kwimodi yombala kuphela.
- Okumnyama nokumhlophe - kungasetshenziswa uma kungabikho ukukhanya noma kubumnyama obugcwele ngokukhanya kwe-infrared.
- Usuku / Ubusuku - ebumnyameni, i-fader yevidiyo isuka kumodi wembala ibe mnyama nomhlophe.
Ekubukeni:
- I-cylindrical - eyenziwe ngesilinda.
- Ibhodi elingenakubalwa ngaphandle kwecala.
- I-Dome- shell inesimo se-hemisphere.
- Amadivayisi we- Fisheye - ama-panoramiki anombono we-ultra-wide.
Ikhamera yevidiyo yangaphakathi yokuhlola ividiyo
Ikhamera yevidiyo yangaphakathi yangamanje yokuhlelwa kwe-video ukubhekwa kwezindlu isuka ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo, ihluke ngobukhulu obuncane nesisindo. Ayinalo ukuvikelwa emathonyeni angaphandle angalungile futhi kufanele afane ngokomzimba ngaphakathi. Icala lensiza enjalo alikho izimangalo zokuqinisa, azikho izibukeli kuso. Ukuze uphenyo lwevidiyo lekamelo, ungasebenzisa amakhamera wevidyo wevidiyo nge-photosensitivevity encane noma amamodeli afihliwe anesimo se-Wi-Fi, imakrofoni, umtshina wokuhamba.
Ikhamera yevidiyo yangaphandle yevidiyo yokubhekwa
Ukusebenza kwamakhamera wevidiyo angaphandle okubhekwa kwevidiyo kuhlotshaniswa nesidingo sokuvikela idivayisi kusuka emazingeni okushisa aphansi, imvula, ilanga, uthuli. Ngakho-ke, zifakwa ezinxenyeni ezivaliwe, ngaphakathi lapho kukhona ama-heaters. Izinga lokuvikelwa kwamadivaysi linqunywa ngesifingqo. Ubuncwane-ubufakazi, i-IPXX, lapho i-XX iyinamba yokuvikelwa (owokuqala uvela othulini, owesibili uvela kumswakama). Isibonelo, idivayisi ye-IP65 iwubufakazi bokuthuli, kepha efakwe ngaphansi kwe-visor emgwaqweni, futhi i-IP68 ingabhapathizwa ngisho nangaphansi kwamanzi.
Ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuvikelwa kokulwa nokuvimbela, futhi ukusebenza ebusuku - ukukhanya kwe-infrared. Ama-camcorders for surveillance video surveillance asuswe kude nokuqapha, ngakho-ke kufanele akwazi ukudlulisa idatha yekhwalithi emadolobheni amade. Ngokuvame ukusetshenziselwa umgwaqo wesigcawu, ama-dome noma ama-rotary model.
Ama-Camcorders for the observation video observation
Hlela ukuhlolwa kwevidiyo kungaba ikhamera efihliwe. Zivaliwe ukuze into ayiboni, ukuthi isuse. I-camcorder efihliwe yokuqapha ividiyo ingahle iguqulwe njengesihloko, isibonelo, isikhwama noma incwadi. Kunamamodeli amancane, ubukhulu bawo obungadluli usayizi wekhanda lomdlalo. I-lensi enjalo efakwe odongeni, phezulu kukhona i-lens kuphela. Ngaphambi kokukhetha ikhamera yokucubungula efihliwe, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukuhlolwa okuyimfihlo kwezinto kungekho emthethweni.
Ikhamera yevidiyo enekhrofoni yokuhlola ividiyo
Ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-CCTV, uhlelo lwathuthukiswa ngokutholakala komsindo. Emakethe kunamakhamera amaningi anemakrofoni eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ngokucacile okukhulu nokuzwela, okungaqopha ngokucophelela inkulumo yento. Ikhamera yevidiyo ye-video ukubhekwa ngomsindo kusiza ukuthola ulwazi olunembile mayelana nesimo esilweni esivikelwe, ngesikhathi sokuthola usongo. Ezinye izinhlobo zinezikhulumi ezithumela inkulumo ye-dispatcher entweni.
Ikhamera yevidiyo engenantambo yokuhlola ividiyo
Izinzuzo zihluke kumadivaysi ahambelanayo ngokungabikho kwezindleko ze-cable routing analogues ezingenantambo. Bathumela isignali esebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-3G, 4G, i-Wi Fi, kanti ugesi kudivayisi ngokwayo ifika ngokusebenzisa ucingo. Kodwa irejista yesenzo sabo sinciphile futhi izindleko ziphakeme kunezici ezifanayo. Izinhlobonhlobo ezingenantambo zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amaningana:
- Amakhamera wevidiyo I-Wi-Fi yokubhekwa kwevidiyo, yizibonelo ze-IP ezisebenza ngephuzu lokufinyelela.
- I-WEB - imodeli, isethi: ikhamera - i-transmitter - isamukeli - i-USB interface converter (kanye nesofthiwe ekhethekile).
- I-GSM - ithumela idatha phezu kweziteshi zokuxhumana kwamaselula (ibanga lilinganiselwe endaweni yokuhlinzeka).
Ikhamera yevidiyo yokulinda nge-zoom
Ikhamera yevidiyo yesimanje yevidiyo yokubhekwa ngokusondeza ingezwe nge-lens eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kwe-ZOOM. Kuyinto eguquguqukayo kakhulu ukusebenzisa ngaphandle kokugxila okuhleliwe. Ngenxa ye-ZOOM-lens, ikhamera yevidiyo yokudubula kwangaphakathi noma yangaphandle iyakwazi ukulinganisa noma ukuvimbela izinto. Ububanzi bokulungiswa kwebanga - kusuka ku-6: 1 kuya ku-50: 1. Ama-Camcorders anezondlo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi anezinto zokugxila ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ziyabiza kunezifaniso, zinamanani amakhulu nokusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ukuthengwa kwemikhiqizo enjalo kufanele kulungiswe, kuhle ukuwasebenzisa ekamelweni elijikelezayo.
Ama-Camcorders ane-sensor yokuvota yokuhlola ividiyo
Isimiso sekhamera esinenzwa yomsindo yisabela (kusungulwe kusengaphambili) ukuhambisa into emkhakheni wokubuka. Inga:
- qala ukurekhoda ulwazi;
- vula i-siren;
- thumela isignali kumqapha, ukugqamisa into ehambayo kuhlaka.
Amathrekhi okuhambisa ama-motion avuliwe ngokuzenzekelayo noma ngesandla. Ziyi-infrared ikakhulukazi, zihlukile ebangeni (ezingekho ngaphezu kwamamitha ayisithupha), ekubhekeni kwe-angle (ngokuvamile i-70 °). Ngaphambi kokukhetha ikhamera yokuhlola engaphandle yendlu ene-sensor motion, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kunengqondo ukuyifaka lapho ukugeleza kwabantu kungabi kakhulu, ukuze ukurekhoda kuqala uma kudingekile.
Amakhamera e-Rotary CCTV
Ukudubula endaweni evulekile kungcono ukhethe i- turntable yevidiyo yokubhekwa. Ihlonywe ngomshini oshintsha i-angle yokubuka yedivayisi. Ikhamera ehambayo ngokuzenzekelayo noma iphaneli yokulawula iguqula ilensi bese ilungisa okwenzekayo nxazonke. Umsebenzi usiza ukunciphisa inani lamadivayisi wevidiyo kusayithi, ngaphandle kokukhawulela indawo yokubuka. Amakhamera amaningi ajikelezayo akwazi ukulinganisa ividiyo edutshulwa. Amadivaysi angalungiswa ngokulandelana kwe-lens, ekhombisa ukuzungeza kwe-angle kanye ne-periodicity.
Amakhamera we-CCTV we-Panoramic
Amakhamera we-panoramic yanamuhla ahlinzeka ngokubuka okugcwele kwe-360 °. Basiza ukubona isithombe sonke endaweni evikelekile ngokuphelele nendawo encane "yezimpumputhe". Uma sinquma ukuthi yiziphi amakhamera okubhekwa, kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuthi ama-panoramic amamodeli angathatha izindawo eziningana ezihleliwe futhi eziphumelelayo. Ehlonyelwe indlela ehamba ngezinyawo, izinsimbi zilawula izinto ezintweni eziyindilinga. Inketho ethandwayo iyimodeli ye-dome ne-lens eye lensiza ehlongozwe esigangeni noma odongeni. Kunconywa ukuthi uyisebenzise ezindaweni ezingahambisani nezingxenye.
Izimpawu zekhamera yevidiyo yokuhlola ividiyo
Khetha ikhamera inconywa ukuthi ilandele izici zayo eziyinhloko:
- Imvume. Inquma izinga lemininingwane yesithombe, konke kulula - nakakhulu, kungcono. Amakhamera we-analog alinganiswa emigqeni yethelevishini i-TVL (kusuka ku-380 (~ 0.3 Mp) kuya ku-1000 (~ 2 Mp)), yamakhamera we-IP - ngamakhamikheli (ubuncane - 1 Mp, ama-cameras best video ukubhekwa video ukubhekwa has izinkomba kuze 12 Mp, ihambisana ne-4K evamile).
- Ukuzwela. Inquma izinga elincane lokukhanyisa, elilinganiselwe ku-lux. Ukuze usebenze ebusuku ngaphandle kokukhanyisa, le parameter akumele idlulele u-0.1 lux. Inzuzo ewusizo ukuba khona kwesihlungi se-infrared.
- Ukubuka i-angle nokugxila. Chaza ukufakwa kwendawo yokulandelela kanye nohlobo lwesithombe (panoramic, medium-approximate, portrait). Ama-camera ane angle lokubuka engu-90 ° angakwazi ukumboza ikamelo lonke ngokugcwele, kodwa uma ubuka ividiyo ungahlukanisa imininingwane encane.
Futhi, uma uthenga, qaphela ukuthi kukhona umsebenzi we-infrared, ukujikeleza, ibanga lokudubula ebusuku, impahla yomzimba, ijubane lokurekhoda kwevidiyo, ifomethi yefayela levidiyo ye-digital, ubukhulu nesisindo sedivayisi. Enye idivaysi ingaba nemakrofoni eyakhelwe ngaphakathi (inomkhawulo ohlukile wokuzwela), ibha yememori (yevolumu nefomethi ehlukile).