I-glaucoma yisifo sehlo, lapho ukucindezela kwe-intraocular kwanda, okuholela ekunqothulweni kwe-nertic optic. Ngenxa yalokho, umbono uyancipha futhi i-atrophy ephelele ye-nertic optic ingenzeka. Lesi sifo esiyinkimbinkimbi senziwa kaningi kubantu abadala kuneminyaka engama-40, kodwa singabonwa ngisho nasezinganeni.
Amafomu nezimpawu ze-glaucoma
Okuyisisekelo saleso sifo ukukhula kwesikhashana noma okuqhubekayo kokucindezela kwe-intraocular, okuhlobene nokuphulwa kokuphuma kwe-intraocular fluid. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-glaucoma:
- i-open-angle;
- i-closed angle.
Futhi, i-glaucoma ingaba yindlala, i-juvenile (i-juvenile), eyesibili (ngenxa yezinye izifo zamehlo noma izinkinga). I-open angle glaucoma ivame kakhulu, futhi ingozi yayo ikhona yokuthi akukho zibonakaliso ezicacile zalesi sifo, zingase ziqhubeke isikhathi eside zingenakuzwakala futhi zingenabuhlungu, zibhubhise i-nertic optic. Ukwelapha okwesikhashana kwe-glaucoma evulekile kungenza umphumela. Ngalolu fomu, i-iris-corneal angle ihlala ivulekile, umswakama uqoqa ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwesistimu yegazi, okwenza ukwanda kwe-intraocular pressure.
Izimpawu eziningana ezingase zibonise ukwanda kokucindezela kwe-intraocular:
- ukubonakala "kwenkungu" kanye "nezimpukane" phambi kwamehlo;
- "Imibuthano ye-rainbow" lapho ibuka umthombo wokukhanya;
- ukudweba esweni;
- ukuhluma ngokweqile kweso;
- Umbono ongenalutho ebusuku.
I-glaucoma evala ivaliwe ivela lapho ingxenye ye-iris ivala ingxenyana yekamelo elingaphakathi leso, okwenza kube nzima ukufinyelela omanzi ohlelweni lokugeleza kweso. Leli fomu livame ukuvela ngendlela yokuhlaselwa okungazelelwe kokunyuka okukhulu kokucindezela kwe-intraocular ngezimpawu ezinjalo:
- ubuhlungu obukhulu emehlweni;
- ukufiphaza kombono;
- inhloko ehlinzeka ethempelini;
- ubuthakathaka obuningi, isicanucanu.
Uma kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa okunzima kwe-glaucoma, usizo oluphuthumayo nokwelapha kuyadingeka, ngaphandle kwalokho lokhu kungabangela imiphumela embi. Kubalulekile ukungafihli ukuhlaselwa kwe-glaucoma nge-migraine, ubuthi noma ezinye izimo.
I-glaucoma nayo ingase isenzeke ngokumelene nengemuva yokucindezela kwe-intraocular evamile ngenxa yokugeleza kwegazi okungaphelele emehlweni.
Indlela yokuphatha i-glaucoma?
Ukuphelisa ngokuphelele lesi sifo akunakwenzeka, kodwa kunezindlela ezizosiza ukuma nokugcina umbono ovamile.
- Ukulungiselela ukwelashwa kwe-glaucoma. Njengomthetho, i-glaucoma inqunywe amaconsi omuthi namaphilisi okuvumela ukunciphisa ukucindezelwa kwe-intraocular, kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuhlinzekwa kwegazi kweso, ukuvuselela izinqubo ze-metabolic. Uma i-glaucoma iwusizo, amavithamini wamehlo, avimbela ukuqhubeka kwawo: A, E, C no B.
- Ukwelashwa kwe-glaucoma nge-laser. Izindlela zokwelashwa kwe-laser zihloswe ekuthuthukiseni ukuphuma kwe-intraocular fluid ngokuveza indawo yokugeleza yeso kwinqaba ye-laser. Lena inqubo engeyona inhlekelele, ephumelela kakhulu kuphela ezinkathini zokuqala zesifo.
- Ukwelashwa kokusebenza kwe-glaucoma. Izindlela zokuhlinza zisetshenziswa uma ezinye izindlela zingenzi lutho. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokusebenza lapho izindlela ezintsha zokuphuma kwamanzi zidalwa khona noma ezikhona ziyakhuthazwa.
Ukubaluleka okukhulu ukuphathwa ngempumelelo kwe-glaucoma kuyindlela efanele yokuphila kanye nombuso wosuku, ukudla okunomsoco. Kudingekile ukugwema izimo ezibangela ukukhuphuka kwegazi ekhanda: umsebenzi womzimba, ohambisane ne-torso ne-head tilt, ukuphakamisa isisindo, kanye nokudlulela ngokweqile. Iziguli ezinama-glaucoma zidinga ukunciphisa ukungenisa kwamanzi okuyizibuko ezigundini ezingu-6 ngosuku.
Ukuvimbela i-glaucoma
Ngeshwa, azikho izindlela ezingavimbela ukuqala kwalesi sifo. Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuhlolwa okuvamile kudokotela kuzosiza ekutholeni i-glaucoma esiteji sokuqala, okuzosiza kakhulu ukwelashwa. Futhi-ke, indlela yokuphila enempilo, ukwenqaba ukubhema, ukwelashwa ngokucophelela kwamehlo akho kuyokwenza kakhulu kuncishiswe ingozi yokuvela kwayo.