Enye yezindala ezindala kakhulu futhi ezihlolwe kakhulu zokuqeda i-plaster yomsebenzi wangaphandle. Ivikela isakhiwo emthonjeni wokubhubhisa imvula, ilanga, iqhwa, ithuthukisa ukuguqulwa kwamathambo odongeni futhi linikeze isakhiwo ukubukeka ngendlela ekhangayo.
Izinhlobo ze-facade plaster emisebenzini yangaphandle
Le nhlanganisela yokwakhiwa iqukethe isithako esivinjelwayo nanoma yikuphi ukugcwalisa, kuye ngokuthi izakhi, izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-facade plasters zihlukanisiwe, zingahlukaniswa zibe:
- Okuvamile - esetshenziselwa ukuvumelanisa izindiza eziyisisekelo. Esikhathini esizayo, udonga luhlanganiswe nopende noma i-varnish. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko: i-gypsum, isanda-isanti.
- Ukuhlobisa - kuyadingeka esigabeni sokugcina sokubheka.
- Okukhethekile - isicelo sokuvikela okwengeziwe, kungaba nomphumela ohlukile. Izinhlobo zabo:
- Imanzi - ivikela emanzini.
- I-soundproof - ivikela kusuka kumsindo.
- Ubusika obusika womsebenzi wangaphandle - uvikela isithwathwa ngesikhathi sebandayo.
I-plaster efudumele yemisebenzi yangaphandle
Ukufakela isikhala semisebenzi yangaphandle kwenziwa ngesisekelo samakhementi, njengoba i-filler yi-foam ene-granular, ubumba olwandisiwe, i-pumice echotshoziwe, isihlabathi se-perlite. Lezi zinto eziphazamisayo zandisa izakhiwo zokushisa ukushisa, zisebenzise kalula ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene - kusukela enkuni kuya kokhonkolo. Uhlaka lufake umoya oqinile, awuwutholi umswakama, i-fungus ayihlali kuyo, isikhunta asibonakali.
Iphosta elimelana ne-frost for umsebenzi ongaphandle ebusika ngangokunokwenzeka kunciphisa ukuvuza okushisayo ngaphandle kwesakhiwo, kanti ehlobo - akuvumeli ukushisa kungene. Ngenxa yalokho, izindleko zokushisa indlu zinciphile. Ngokusho kwabakhiqizi, amamentimitha amabili we-plaster afudumele ngamakhasimende okugcoba okushisa afana nokuqhekeza izitini ngeqhekeza kuze kube yingxenye yemitha. Ingxube ingaba yisiqediso sokuqeda - lokhu, kumele ihlanganiswe nopende lokufakazela ubufakazi.
I-plaster eyomile emisebenzini yangaphandle
Uma sicabangela izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-plaster ngemisebenzi yangaphandle, kubalulekile ukugqamisa ukuphela okumile. I-plasterboard evamile, ehlanganisa i-gypsum, iphepha kanye nesitashi, ehlanganisa isixube. Inzuzo yalokho okushiwo yizinto ezihlukahlukeneyo, emva kokufakwa kulula ukuqhubeka nokubhekisisa kwesakhiwo ngokusebenzisa amasu ahlukene - kungaba ukupenda, upende, amapaneli.
I-dryry ikulungele ukulinganisa izindonga, ithuthukisa umsindo nokushisa ukushisa izici zesakhiwo, okuthinta kahle induduzo yokuphila. Kuyinto ebonakalayo engokwemvelo, ayikhipha izinto ezinobuthi uma ishisa, imelana namazinga aphezulu okushisa. Amashidi agxilwe ngesimiso noma i-gypsum base, ahlala kahle ezindongeni isikhathi eside.
Iphasika elimelana nomswakama izinhlelo zokusebenza zangaphandle
I-plaster ephikisayo yamanzi yomsebenzi wangaphandle e-base ine-polymers ekhethekile, eyenza ungqimba oluvikelayo. Yenziwa ngesisekelo se:
- usimende;
- i-gypsum;
- abicah.
Inhlanganisela yokuphuza amanzi yenzelwe ukusebenza ezimweni zobuningi obuningi. Ukusetshenziswa koqweqwe olunjalo kunconywa phambi kokuba kube khona umehluko wokushisa obukhulu phakathi komoya ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Kuzovikela isisekelo somonakalo ngesikhathi sezulu eside. Ingxube izovikela isicabha esakhiweni kusukela ekunciphiseni, ukuqhwaza nokugcina ukushisa ngaphakathi. Ikhwalithi ewusizo yokwakheka yi-texture engapheli kahle, izindonga ngokushesha zifanele ukudweba noma umsebenzi wokugqoka.
I-granite plaster ngemisebenzi yangaphandle
I-mineral granite plaster yemisebenzi yangaphandle yinkimbinkimbi enemibala ehlukahlukene enezinhlayiya zemvelo ze-quartz ekubunjweni. Yenziwa ngesisekelo sezinhlayiyana zokwenziwa, ezigcwele ama-plastifier kanye nezithasiselo. Izindonga ze-granite zezindonga zezinto zangaphandle zinezici eziyingqayizivele:
- ukuvinjelwa kwamanzi;
- i-antibacterial;
- high impact ukumelana nokugqoka ukumelana.
Ingxube isetshenziselwa ngokushesha ezindongeni, ibukeka njengendawo ebomvu yomswakama ngotshani obusayizi we-3 mm. I-granite plaster inombala wemvelo we-granite chips, amathoni amaningi ayo athengiswa. Ukusebenzisa i-granules ye-shades ehlukene, kulula ukudala ama-insets amahle, izikwele, imivimbo, izambatho ezinqabeni, okuzokwenza ukuthi isakhiwo sibe nokubukeka okuyingqayizivele.
I-Gypsum plaster yemisebenzi yangaphandle
Inhlanganisela esekelwe i-gypsum ivame ukusetshenziswa njengekhasika lokulinganisa umsebenzi wangaphandle nokulungiselela izakhiwo zokuqeda. Izinzuzo zayo:
- ukuqina okukhulu;
- ukuthambekela okuphansi kokuqhekeka;
- ukuphikiswa kwesithwathwa;
- ubungane bemvelo.
Ezingqungqutheleni zobuciko kumakhi abakhiqizi be-gypsum bengezela ama-polymers, amaminerali kanye nama-modifiers, okuqinisa amandla we-plaster, ukunamathela kwawo ezindaweni eziphakeme kanye nokuqina. Ngenxa yalokhu, ingxube iba namandla kakhulu emathonyeni amabi. Izingoma zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukulinganisa izindiza ze-gypsum-concrete, izitini zezitini.
I-plaster yamakhasimende emisebenzi yangaphandle
I-plaster yamasiko yendabuko yemisebenzi yangaphandle yindlela yokwenza isabelomali sokuqeda isakhiwo. Ukwakhiwa okufanayo kuvame ukusetshenziswa ukulinganisa i-slag-block noma izindonga zezitini. Uhlaka lunikeza ubuhle bokubukeka kwesakhiwo futhi luthuthukise umsindo walo nokushisa okuphazamisayo. Isisindo samakhemikhali simelwe izinhlobo ezimbili:
- I-plaster yamasenti emisebenzini yangaphandle yindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yokuphela. Inzuzo yalo enkulu yizikhwepha eziphezulu nokungafani kahle. Izithako eziyisisekelo zesimiso nesimiso, izinhlobo ezahlukene zezingxube zenza kube nokunwebeka okukhulu. Isixazululo sibhekwa njengomswakama kanye nokumelene nesithwathwa.
- Ingxube ye-cement-lime, ngaphezu kwezithako zendabuko, i-lime yengezwe kuyo.
Ipulazi ye-Acrylic yemisebenzi yangaphandle
Uma sicabangela izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-plasters zemisebenzi yangaphandle, kubalulekile ukugqamisa izingxube zama- acrylic . Ziyisisindo esinama-thickness-like, okuthengiswa ngamabhakede. Lolu hlobo lokugqoka lunomsebenzi wesikhathi eside, izinhlaka ze-acrylic zidlala indima ebalulekile phakathi kwezingxenye zayo. Le nto isetshenziswa masinyane emkhathini, isithwathwa kakhulu futhi isiza ukufihla ngisho nemifantu encane kakhulu.
Ngenxa yokuthi ingxube i-ductile futhi ingakwazi ukwelula kancane, ayesabi ukweqa nokukhwabanisa. Enye ye-revolution yama-acrylic yimibala egcwele futhi ephikisayo yendaba. Kodwa yi-vapor-proof futhi ingafakwa ngesikhunta uma umswakama uphakeme futhi ukuhambisa emoyeni kunganele. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise ama-acrylic formulations kuphela kobuciko.
I-playta ye-Lime yemisebenzi yangaphandle
Uhlaka oluhlelekile lwemisebenzi yangaphandle olusekelwe ku-gypsum noma i-samente luvame ukufakwa nge-lime. Isilinganiso sesicelo salo ngu-2 kg ibhakede ngalinye lesikhambi. I-powder ichitheka ngamanzi kusengaphambili ukuthola ingxube yobisi oluketshezi. Ngokungezelela i-lime, isamente noma i-gypsum mass ithola izimfanelo ezinhle:
- Ukunamathela kahle - ingxube ehlelwe ngokukhonkolo, izitini, ngisho nezinkuni, kungcono kakhulu.
- I-Plasticity - kulula ukuyisebenzisa isisombululo esinjalo, igcina ukulandela amahora angu-2-3, ungasebenzisa kancane kancane.
- Ukuphikisana ne-fungus - i-lime inikeza izici ze-antifungal zokwakheka, zingasetshenziswa ezimweni zomswakama ophezulu.
- Ukwandisa amandla esixazululo - kusebenza isikhathi eside.
I-plaster ehlobisa imisebenzi yangaphandle
I-facade yokuhlobisa i-facade yemisebenzi yangaphandle isetshenziswa, njengombuso, esigabeni sokugcina sokubhekana nayo. Ngemuva kokusebenza kwayo, izindonga zithola ukubonakala okuphelele. Ukwenza ukuthungwa okukhangayo kuyoba yi-spatula ewusizo, ama-graters, ama-rollers, izitembu. Lolu hlobo lwe-plaster lwemisebenzi yangaphandle lunezinhlobonhlobo zalo, luhluke kakhulu, lugqoke, umbala wombala.
I-plaster "ibhungane le-bark" lemisebenzi yangaphandle
I-facade plaster yomsebenzi wangaphandle "ibhungane le-beetle" isakhiwo, iyinhlayiya enombala okhanyayo, inokubunjwa kwamakhekhe amaminerali amahle noma acwecwe. Ngenxa yemingcele uma usebenzisa i-grater eludongeni, imifula yenziwa, efana nesikhumba somuthi, esonakaliswe yizinambuzane. Izinhlobonhlobo zamaphethini:
- Imvula yenziwa ngokuhamba phezulu.
- AmaWundlu - akwenziwa ngosizo lokunyakaza embuthanweni.
- Iziphambano - i-spatula ishukuthela.
"I-bark beetle" ithandwa kakhulu ekuqothuleni isicabha ngenxa yesisombululo sayo esihle se-viscosity nokunamathela kwendiza yodonga. Ubuso buyisimangaliso futhi kungenwa yiqhwa, alwesabi i-ultraviolet, umoya nemvula. "I-bark beetle" iphefumula kahle, i-fungus ayibonakali ezindongeni ezikuyo. I-plaster enjalo imhlophe, kodwa ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa kulula ukusihlanganisa ngokusizwa izithasiselo ze-pigment noma upende phezu kwepayipi yamanzi.
I-plaster "i-hedgehog" yemisebenzi yangaphandle
I-plaster elalifakwe emisebenzini yangaphandle "i-hedgehog" iyinhlanganisela evamile yamayilenti ne-add sand, ukubunjwa kwe-granulometric kanye nezithako ezikhethekile zamakhemikhali. Isetshenziselwa ukulinganisa izindonga zokhonkolo, izitini zokugqoka okulandelayo, zingasetshenziswa njenge-spray noma i-primer. Kuvunyelwe ukufakwa okunjalo nokusetshenziswa komshini kwesisombululo.
Ingxube ihlanjululwa ngamanzi, isetshenziswe ezinqabeni eziningana ngobukhulu bomhlaba ngamunye ka-5-8 mm, ihlanjululwa ngokuphelele ngenxa yokuhambisana okuphezulu kwezinto. Ngisho nezindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi (izingxenyana, ukukhululwa kwezakhiwo) ezingenasici emva kokuphamba kwesisombululo esinjalo. Le ndaba ine-adhesion ephakeme futhi ayihlehli ngemva kokumisa, ayifaki ukuphahlazeka.
Ipulazi yaseVenetian emisebenzini yangaphandle
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-plasters ezihlobisa imisebenzi yomsebenzi wangaphandle, i-Venetian phakathi kwabo inendawo ekhethekile. Ingxube yenziwe ngesisekelo samapipi e-marble, isetshenziselwa izingqimba eziningana (okungenani eziyisikhombisa), emva kwalokho ihlutswe nge-wax. Ngaphandle, indiza etholakalayo inokuthungwa kahle, okukhumbuza i-onyx noma i-marble, idlulisa imivimbo encane kunazo zonke zetshe lemvelo, ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukuhlukanisa iVenitike nezinto ezibonakalayo.
Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwe-wax, ukujula kombala okhethekile kufinyelelwe futhi umphumela wokukhanya uvela ngaphakathi. I-Venetian isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuhlobisa ingaphakathi, kodwa ngenxa yokwengezwa kwe-resin yama acrylic isetshenziselwa ukuvuselela isakhiwo. Lokhu ukugoqa akugcini nje ukunikeza isikhalazo sokuhleleka ngaphandle kwesakhiwo, kodwa futhi kuvikela izindonga emiphumeleni eyingozi yemvula yasemkhathini, nesakhiwo - kusuka ekushiseni kokushisa.
I-stone plaster emisebenzini yangaphandle
I-plaster ye-texture yemisebenzi yangaphandle iyathandwa futhi isabelomali, njengoba i-filler isebenzisa amahlumela amancane, imfucumfucu yamaminerali, izintambo zokhuni, i-mica. Siyabonga, kuhlanganiswa indawo emithathu, izinsimbi ezahlukene zisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa umphumela. Ngokuvamile, umhlobiso onjalo uphinde uthule itshe lemvelo, lingathandwa kakhulu ukulingisa i-granite, izinkuni, indwangu yokugqoka.
Ngendlela yayo eluhlaza, ingxube yombala omhlophe, ohlotshisiwe noma emva kokufaka isicelo uhlanganiswe nopende. Inzuzo ebalulekile yokwakheka kwe-plaster emisebenzini yangaphandle i-plasticity kanye nesakhiwo esiphezulu se-viscosity, ngenxa yabo ebusweni futhi kutholakala usizo oludingekayo ngokusebenzisa ama-spatula, ama-ironers, ama-stencil, ama-rollers. Ingqimba eholayo inobunzima nokumelana namanzi.