Imfundiso eyisisekelo yokugqugquzela ekuphatheni yilezi zanamuhla nezesikoqobo

Ukugqugquzela kuhilela inqubo yokugqugquzela umuntu emsebenzini othile ukuze afinyelele imigomo, kokubili eyakhe kanye nenhlangano. Ukuze kukhuthazwe abasebenzi, kubalulekile ukuthi kuthinte izithakazelo zabo futhi bavumele ukuba baqaphele emsebenzini. Kuze kube manje, kunezinkolelo eziningana ezisetshenziswa kabanzi ngabaphathi bezinkampani ezahlukene.

Izintshumayelo zanamuhla zesisusa

Izindlela ezihlongozwa izazi ze-psychologists ezaziwayo zekhulu lokugcina ziba yize zingabalulekile, njengoba umphakathi uqhubeka njalo. Abaphathi banamuhla ngokuya basebenzise izinkolelo ezithinta izinqubo ezicabangela izidingo njengengxenye yenqubo yokuziphatha ehambisana nesimo esithile. Umuntu, ukuze afinyelele umgomo othile, usakaza umzamo futhi akhethe uhlobo oluthile lokuziphatha. Kunemibono eminingi yanamuhla yesisusa ekuphathweni.

1. Ilinde . Kubonisa ukuthi umuntu kufanele akholelwe ukuthi ukukhetha okuphelele kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole lokho okufunayo.
2. Ukubeka imigomo . Uchaza ukuthi ukuziphatha komuntu kuncike emsebenzini.
3. Ukulingana . Kusekelwe eqinisweni lokuthi ngesikhathi somsebenzi umuntu ufanisa izenzo zakhe nabanye abantu.
4. Ukuphatha iqhaza . Ufakazela ukuthi umuntu othakazelisayo uhlanganyela emsebenzini we-intra-organization.
5. Ukuvuselela kokuziphatha . Isekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwesisusa sokuziphatha esenzweni.
6. Isikhuthazo sendaba . Lokhu kusho ukusetshenziselwa izinzuzo ezihlukahlukene zemali.

Isisekelo esiyisisekelo sesisusa

Ngokuvamile, imiqondo esekelwe ekutadisheni izifiso isetshenziselwa ukutadisha izici ezishukumisayo kubantu. Ukuze uqonde izindlela zokugqugquzela umsebenzi othile, kubalulekile ukucabangela izindlela eziyinhloko zokuqukethwe kanye nemvelo yenqubo. Amaphuzu ayisisekelo abasebenzi abathintekayo ekuphathweni kubonisa ukuthi okubalulekile okubalulekile kumuntu izidingo zakhe zangaphakathi, ngakho abaphathi kudingeka bafunde ukuthi bangawaqonda kanjani. Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi izinhlelo eziningi ezikhona zidinga ukuthuthukiswa ukuze zisebenze ezweni lanamuhla.

Inkolelo yesisusa sikaHerzberg

Ngenxa yezifundo eziningi emabhizinisini ahlukene, isazi sezengqondo saseMelika sathola ukuthi kubantu abaningi inkokhelo emihle akuyona into eyinhloko ekutholeni injabulo yomsebenzi, kodwa kuphela ebenza bahlukane. Imfundiso emibili ye-Herzberg ekuphathweni ichaza izigaba ezimbili ezibalulekile, ezenzelwe abantu ukugqugquzela okuphelele.

1. Izici ze-hygienic . Leli qembu lihlanganisa izizathu ezibalulekile kumuntu ukuze angafuni ukuyeka: isimo senhlalakahle, inkokhelo, inqubomgomo yomphathi, ubudlelwane bomphakathi kanye nezimo zokusebenza.
2. Izizathu ezikhuthaza . Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukugqugquzela umuntu okwenza umuntu enze imisebenzi yakhe siqu. Zihlanganisa: ukukhula komsebenzi okungenzeka, ukuhlonishwa kweziphathimandla, amathuba okudala nobuciko. Ukwaneliseka kwazo zonke imininingwane ecacisiwe kuvumela ukugqugquzela lowo muntu ukuthi asebenze.

I-Maslow's Theory of Motivation

Lena enye yezindlela eziphelele kakhulu futhi eziphelele zokuhlukanisa izidingo zomuntu. Ngokomqondo wezokwelapha owaziwayo, ikhwalithi yokuphila ngokuqondile kuxhomeke ekutheni abantu abanelisekile bebelokhu benesifiso sabo. I-theory Maslow ekuphathweni isetshenziswa kaningi kunezinye. Ipiramidi ekhethekile yasungulwa, ngokusekelwe kwezidingo ezibalulekile zomzimba.

UMaslow ukholelwa ukuthi ukuqhubekela phezulu kwesiteleka kuyadingeka ukwanelisa izidingo zesinyathelo ngasinye. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi umbhali ugcizelele ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthi kulo mqondo wakhe wokugqugquzela ekuphatheni iphiramidi yenza umuntu afise izifiso zomphakathi, hhayi umuntu othize, ngoba bonke abantu bodwa, futhi, njengoba kwaziwa, kukhona okungafani nomthetho obalulekile.

Umbono kaMcClelland wesisusa

Isazi sezengqondo saseMelika sesiphakamise isibonelo sakhe sokuthandwa kwabantu, esihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu: isifiso samandla, impumelelo nokuzibandakanya. Bavuka ngesikhathi sokuphila ngenxa yokuthola ulwazi, ukusebenza nokuxhumana nabantu. Umbono kaMcClelland wokuphatha ubonisa ukuthi abantu abafisa amandla bafuna ukugqugquzelwa, banikeze imali eyengeziwe kanye nemigomo yokufeza umgomo, ukwakha ukuzethemba emakhono abo kanye nokukwazi, futhi banentshisekelo emigomeni yeqembu lonke.

Iphuzu lesibili embonweni wokugqugquzela ekuphathweni kukaMcClelland kuyisidingo sokuphumelela. Kubantu abazama ukuphumelela, kanye nenqubo yokufeza umgomo ibalulekile, kodwa futhi nomthwalo wemfanelo. Njengoba sebewutholile umphumela, babalwa ekukhuthazweni. Iqembu lesithathu ngabantu abanesithakazelo ebuhlotsheni bomuntu siqu, ngakho-ke ngenxa yesisusa sabo esidinga ukuba nesithakazelo empilweni yabo siqu.

Inkolelo yesisusa sikaFreud

I-psychoanalyst eyaziwa kakhulu yikholelwa ukuthi umuntu ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe unqanda izifiso eziningi, kodwa azizange ziphele ngokuphelele futhi azibonakalise ngezikhathi lapho umuntu engazilawuli, isibonelo, ephusheni noma ekubhukeni. Ngakho uFreud uphetha ngokuthi abantu abakwazi ukuqonda ngokugcwele isisusa sezenzo zabo, futhi ngezinga elikhulu liphathelene nokuthenga.

Ochwepheshe bezokuphatha kudingeka bafunde izisusa ezingenasisekelo zabathengi, bezama ukudalula izifiso zabo ezijulile, futhi bangaboni ukuthi yini ebusweni. Inkolelo kaFreud yokugqugquzela isho ukusebenzisa izindlela ezilandelayo zokucwaninga: izinhlangano zamahhala, ukuhumusha kwezithombe, imidlalo yokudlala kanye nokuqedwa kwemisho, ehlinzeka ngolwazi olubaluleke kakhulu kunezivivinyo ezivamile.