Isihlabathi se-aquarium - indlela yokukhetha inhlabathi efanele?

Umhlabathi wekhwalithi we-aquarium yiyona ingxenye ebaluleke kunazo zonke eziphilayo zezinto eziphilayo. Isebenza njengendlela yokutshala imifino eluhlaza, isihlungi semvelo, indawo yokuhlala kwamakholoni amaningi ezincane. Ukukhetha kahle kwenhlabathi kuyinkinga enkulu kakhulu, isinqumo esithinta isiphetho sombuso wonke wamanzi.

Sand in the aquarium - inzuzo kanye nokuqeda

Emanzini anamuhla, izinhlobo eziningana zenhlabathi yemvelo noma yokufakelwa zisetshenzisiwe - ziphuma emakoralini, e-depot, ezixube ezenziwe izakhi zomzimba, inhlabathi ebumbini olubhaka, isihlabathi esinomhlabathi. Isimiso esiyinhloko ekukhetheni ukwakhiwa okuhle kwe-tank eyenziwe ekhaya yilokho izinhlanzi nezitshalo ngokuqondile ezizohlala emhlabeni ongaphansi kwamanzi. Inhlabathi evamile kakhulu iyatholakala futhi ilula, lapho izilwane eziningi ezingenakuzithoba zihlala kahle.

Abalandeli abaningi bakhetha indawo engokwemvelo engxenyeni enamandla yokuguqula ephenduka phansi kwe-tank ibe yindawo enhle kakhulu enemibala emnandi. Umbuzo uwukuthi ngabe isihlabathi esikuyo amanzi siyadingeka yini, izinkathazo ezishaya ukuthi ziqale ukuthatha itanki elincane ngezinhlanzi zasendlini ezindlini zazo. Ukuze uhambe kangcono ngalesi sihloko, kuyadingeka ukwazi izimo eziyinhloko nezinzuzo zalolu hlobo lomhlabathi.

Kunesihlabathi esihle se-aquarium:

1. Izimila zamanzi zikhula kangcono futhi zihlala esihlabathini.
2. Kulula ukuhlanza phansi phansi, le nqubo ilula ukwenza nge siphon , idlula ngedivayisi eduze kwendawo.
3. Umhlabathi ovela esihlabathini wenza ngokugcwele imisebenzi yemvelo.
4. Lolu hlobo lomhlabathi luhle kakhulu ezidalweni ze-benthic, abathanda ukumba emigqeni yokukhanya.
5. Isihlabathi sibheka njalo umbono wezemvelo wendawo yangaphakathi ye-aquarium.

Izinsalela zomhlabathi onesihlabathi:

1. Ukugeza nokulungiselela isihlabathi se-aquarium kunezinyathelo eziningi ezide futhi ezinzima.
2. Lolu hlobo lomhlabathi ludinga ukuhoxiswa njalo ngezikhathi ezithile, ngaphandle kwalokho kuhlanganiswa ngokushesha ngezingqimba zamanqamu.
3. Izinhlobo ezihlukene zeshlabathi ziyakwazi ukushintsha ukubunjwa kwamakhemikhali emvelo yasemanzini.
4. Enhlabathini ehlanzekile enhlabathini, azikho izakhi ezanele zemifino, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukufaka umquba ngamanyolo.

Yisiphi isihlabathi esingcono ku-aquarium?

Ukuze kusebenze ngokujwayelekile kwendalo, ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali enhlabathini, umsuka wayo, ubukhulu bezingqimba, ingxenyana yezinhlayiya zenhlabathi idlala indima. Uma ulalela kuphela ingxenye yokuhlobisa, khona-ke i-aquarist ngeke iphumelele umphumela omuhle ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuhlaziya isimo futhi ubeke imigomo, ukhetha ukwakheka okufanele kahle, okuzofaka ngaphansi kwesitsha seglasi.

Izici eziyinhloko zomhlabathi onesihlabathi we-aquarium:

1. Isikhwama somhlabathi. Izitshalo ezincane nezinhlamvu ezinkulu azifani. I-Optimum ibhekwa njengesihlabathi se-aquarium ngenxenye yezinhlayiyana eziyi-1.5-2 mm. Uma kukhona okusanhlamvu okuncane, khona-ke ku- aeration inhlabathi kuyimpofu, ukulimala, ukukhiqizwa kwama-pathogens kuyabonakala. Kusukela emahlathini amakhulu ama-organic ahlanjululwa, izitshalo zawo ziyathatha impande engaphumeleli noma isikhathi eside.
2. Ubukhulu beshlabathi se-aquarium. Uhlaka olungama 4-6 mm lufanelekile emasimini amaningi angaphansi kwamanzi, inhlabathi yobukhulu obuhlukile iyadingeka ngezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingavamile.
3. Izinhlobo zesihlabathi se-aquarium. Umbala wenhlabathi ubonisa ukubunjwa kwamakhemikhali ezinhlayiya zawo. Izinhlamvu zombala obomvu noma ophuzi ukuthatha umsebenzi azifisi, ziqukethe amaphesenti amakhulu ensimbi. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukukhumbula ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-crumb kusuka e-limestone kuholela ekwephukeni kokuqina kwamanzi, okuyinto izidalwa eziningi eziphela ezibulalayo.

Izinhlobo ezifanele zeshlabathi ze-aquarium:

• isihlabathi somfula;
• isihlabathi se-quartz;
• isihlabathi somhlabathi;
• isihlabathi esimnyama;
• Isihlabathi se-Aragonite se-aquarium yasekhaya.

Isihlabathi somfula se-aquarium

Uma ufuna isisekelo eshibhile futhi esilula se-aquarium, khona-ke isihlabathi esivela emfuleni ufanelekile ngale njongo ngokuphelele. Ukusetshenziswa okuphelele kwezinto ezibhalwe emagqumeni, lapho ubumba bubuncane khona. Uma kungenjalo, i-amateur kuzodingeka isebenze isikhathi eside, igeze ukubunjwa ukuze kususe ukungcola. Isihlabathi somfula se-aquarium esikhulu sivame ukudlula amanzi, kuhle ukutshala zonke izitshalo ezingaphansi kwamanzi.

Inhlabathi Yasolwandle E-Aquarium

Ezindaweni zokugcina amanzi ezihlanzekile, ingxenyana eqondile yomhlabathi eqoqwe olwandle iyadingeka, kodwa ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kufanele ihlanzwe kahle, isuse izinsalela zokusawoti nezinye izinto ezingcolile. Isihlabathi esivamile esise-aquarium esivela olwandle sihle kakhulu, sikhula kahle futhi sikhula inhlanzi. Ukuze ulinganise kangcono, ungakwazi ukuwuhlunga nge-sieve, uhlukanise izingcezu zamagobolondo ekudlula. Kunconywa ukuthi uhlole amanzi okungafani emva kokugcwalisa, usebenzisa ukuhlolwa okulungele.

Emanzini ezinhlanzi zasolwandle, ungafaka "isihlabathi esiphilayo" namakholomu amancane ezinyoni zasolwandle ezingaphazanyiswa ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Awuhambi ngokusebenzisa inqubo yokumisa futhi kusiza ukulungisa ibhalansi yamanzi ngokushesha. Emoyeni, lolu hlobo lwenhlabathi aluvunyelwe, emva kwamahora ambalwa i-microflora ibulawe, "isihlabathi esiphilayo" se-aquarium siyaba engafaneleki. Ngokuvamile, ama-substrates owenziwe ngomumo anama-bacteria ahlelwe ngendwangu encane kumbhede olula noma umfula.

Isihlabathi se-coral se-aquarium

Inhlabathi yase-Aragonite itholakala ekudondolozweni olwandle, lapho izinsalela ezichotshoziwe ze-corals kanye nama-mollusk aqoqa khona. Kulo mhlabathi, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-calcium, isihlabathi esinokuhlobisa i-aquarium esivela emasakeni ezinhlobo eziphilayo sandisa ukuqina kwemvelo. I-coral crumb idayiswa ingxenyana ehlukahlukene, ikwazi ukuyisebenzisa kahle emhlabeni jikelele wamanzi olwandle nolwandle olungasolwandle, izilwanyana eziphilayo zamakhemikhali.

Isihlabathi esimhlophe e-aquarium

Abathandi ngokuvamile basebenzisa ukuhlobisa itanki, kokubili inhlabathi emhlophe nombala wombala. I-primer ye-aquarium yesihlabathi esimhlophe ingaba nemvelaphi ehlukene, enokuningi okuphathelene namakhemikhali. Lo mbala uvame ukutholakala emvelweni, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa inhlabathi etholakale ngokucophelela, emva kokuzijwayeza ngokucophelela nokubunjwa kwalo.

Izinhlobo zesihlabathi esimhlophe se-aquarium:

• isihlabathi somfula;
• isihlabathi esivela olwandle;
• Isihlabathi se-Aragonite kusuka ema-coral amancane namagobolondo amancane;
• isihlabathi se-quartz, esitholakale ngokuchotshozwa ngokwenziwa kwe-quartz emhlophe emhlophe.

Umhlabathi omnyama we-quartz we-aquarium

Lo mbala unikeza inhlabathi i-ilmenite, i-magnetite noma i-hematite, enezilinganiso ezihlukene ezitholakala kulo. Inhlabathi emnyama e-aquarium ingasetshenziswa ngaphandle kwemingcele, ayishintshi izici zemvelo, ngakho-ke i-aquarist ingase ingakhathazeki ngokunyuka okungahambisani nokuqina kanzima. Uma kuqhathaniswa nomhlabathi omhlophe weqhwa, imvelaphi emnyama yokuthi umhlaba ongaphansi kwamanzi unenzuzo kakhulu, kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zibonakala zikhanya. Ukuze unciphise umehluko, kuyadingeka ukuthi ungasebenzisi isihlabathi esingumnyama nje kuphela, kodwa i-substrate ene-gray hue.

Isihlabathi sombala we-aquarium

Izingxube ezihlukahlukene zisiza ukuhlobisa ingaphakathi lombuso ongaphansi kwamanzi ngendlela engavamile, ngokudala kalula ama-landscapes ahlukahlukene futhi acacile phansi ukuze afane nezilwane ezifuywayo ezingaphandle. Embuzweni wokuthi yiluphi uhlobo lomhlabathi oludingekayo emanzini, kuphakanyiswa ukuqondiswa izinyathelo zokuphepha. Inhlabathi enemibala kufanele ingabi nengozi yezinhlanzi, ingathonya iphesenti lokuqina nesimo se-asidi yemvelo. I-substrate efanelekayo ye-quartz yekhwalithi ephezulu, okuyinto efiselekayo ukuyihlanza ngaphambi kokugcwalisa.

Indlela yokulungisa isihlabathi se-aquarium?

Kunconywa ukuthi ungathembeli izincwajana zokukhangisa futhi ulungise inhlabathi ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa esitsheni ngenhlanzi. Isihlabathi esikhulu se-aquarium esinokubunjwa okujwayelekile kufanele senziwe ngaphansi kwemisebenzi eyisisekelo eyisisekelo ezokwenza kube nesiphephelo kwabakhileyo basemanzini. Inqubo yokulungiselela i-substrate ilula futhi inamandla kunoma yimuphi umuntu omusha.

Izinyathelo zokulungiselela isihlabathi se-aquarium:

1. Ukugeza kuqhutshwa ngamanzi esitsheni esifanele. Umsebenzi ovamile njalo unesihlabathi emigodini noma emabhakede ane-enamela oholela emonakalweni wokugqoka.
2. Ukuze kube lula, isanti lihlukaniswe izingxenye zika 3-4 kg.
3. Sifaka umhlabathi esivumelwaneni lapho amanzi okugeleza engafihli ngokuphelele.
4. Izinsalela zeshlabathi zivukela futhi zisusiwe.
5. Ukukhipha imishanguzo kwenziwa ngokubilisa imizuzu engu-15-20 ngokuxuba njalo inhlanganisela yesihlabathi.
6. Ngemuva kokubilisa, inhlabathi iyahlanza futhi.
7. Ezinye izindlela zokungcola - ukubala emahheni, ukwelashwa ngesisombululo se-chlorine engu-10%.
8. Yenza isihlabathi esikhanyayo sibe mnyama kusiza ukusifaka esixazululweni esiqinile sama-manganese.
9. Ukususwa kwe-carbonates ngokweqile kusukela esihlabathini ukuze i-aquarium ikhiqize isisombululo se-30% se-citric acid. Ukwelashwa sekuphela ngemuva kokuba amabhubhu emoyeni ayeke ukukhululwa emanzini, bese inhlabathi ihlanza.

Ungathululela kanjani isihlabathi emanzini?

Kungcono kakhulu ukusebenza nge-spatula yeplastiki, kusiza ukusakaza ingxube efanayo, ngaphandle kokuphula i-glass encane. I-substrate noma i-peat enezakhi zivame ukufakwa phansi ukusheshisa ukuqala kwesistimu yamanzi. Amatshe amakhulu kumele afakwe ematheni okugcoba, okuvimbela ukuhlukaniswa. Siwela isihlabathi esilula noma sihlobisa i-aquarium esitsheni ngaphandle kwamanzi, sigcina i-scapula ngezansi, noma yikuphi ukushabalala okuvela ekuphakameni okukwazi ukuphula ubuso.

I-slope yenziwe odongeni olungaphambili, ukubunjwa ngeqenjana elikhulu kuthululwa kusuka ngezansi, futhi isihlabathi esihle sibeke phezulu. Isenzo esivamile siyinkingi yeshlabathi emva kwezingu-8 cm, odongeni langaphambili - kuze kufinyelele ku-2 cm. Uma ngabe ufisa, i-spatula yenza inhlabathi ibe yinto ehlukile noma yenza umhlabathi ungene ezingeni le-aquarium. Izingoma ze-Multilevel kulula ukudala ngosizo lwamatshe, ukuhlukanisa phansi ezindaweni.

Isihlabathi esingakanani osidingayo ku-aquarium?

Kulula ukubala inani lenhlabathi ye-aquarium kusukela enhlabathini ngesihlonzi esilinganisiwe. Okokuqala, thola umthamo we-tangi ngamalitha, bese uhlukanisa inombolo elandelwayo ngu-10. Kungcono ukukala ilitha lokuqala lomhlabathi owomile ukuze uthole isisindo esifanele senhlabathi ngama-kilogram, uma kufanele uthenge esitolo. Lezi zibalo zilinganiselwa, kodwa zisiza ukucacisa inani lomhlabathi emanzini okudinga izinhlanzi nokukhula esihlabathini sezitshalo.

Ukunakekela isihlabathi emanzini

Imfucuza yezinhlanzi, isitshalo isala futhi isondeza ingcolise inhlabathi, ikhulule ubuthi emanzini. Ngokokuqala ngqa, i-siphon ihlanzwa izinsuku ezingu-30 ngemuva kokuqala kwemvelo, konke okunye kwenziwa ngenyanga. Amanzi amdaka esihlabathini esise-aquarium ngeke avimbele izinhlanzi, akudingeki ukuba asuswe. Zonke izidakamizwa zingahlanzwa ngokuhlanzwa okuphelele, kodwa ngenhloso yalokhu kufanele ususe izinhlanzi nezitshalo, ugeze isihlabathi emanzini. Ukuhlanzwa ngokugcwele kwegumbi nenhlabathi kwenziwa kanye ngonyaka.

Ungasusa kanjani isihlabathi se-aquarium?

Umsebenzi wokuhlanza isihlabathi emanzini ase-aquarium kuxazululwa yi-siphon elula. I-tube ene-funnel ikhulula kahle inhlabathi, isihlabathi kanye nohlula zihlala phansi, futhi udoti luyongena ngaphakathi kwe-tube. Ngemuva kwemizuzwana embalwa i-siphon ihamba futhi umjikelezo womsebenzi uphinda. Kuyadingeka ukwengeza uketshezi kwesitsha ukuze ubuyisele ivolumu oyifunayo. Ukungena kwamanzi ekuqaleni kungaphazamisa u-amateur, kodwa le nqubo ivamile futhi kungekudala inqubo yezinto eziphilayo ibuyiselwa.