Ukubuza umbuzo, yini ukuziphatha, abaningi abakholelwa ngisho ukuthi ucebile kangakanani nokuthi lo mqondo uwukuphi. Kungasho ukuhloniphana, isiko lokukhulumisana, ushintsho endleleni yokubuka impilo, amathuba okuthuthukiswa okungokomoya noma ukukhula komsebenzi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi ukwazi ukulahla ngokufanele futhi ngesikhathi esifanele ulwazi olutholakalayo ukuze kuzuzwe umgomo owusizo.
Ukutadisha okunjani ukuziphatha?
Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, ukuziphatha njengezesayensi kungenye yezinkomba zefilosofi ephathelene nokutadisha izindinganiso zokuziphatha nezokuziphatha zamaqembu ahlukahlukene ezenhlalo. Lokhu kuvumelana nesayensi yefilosofi kuchazwa ukuthi ukuze uqonde izikhathi eziyisisekelo zokuziphatha, ulwazi lwezisekelo zefilosofi liyadingeka.
Kuyini ukuziphatha? Umqondo ocatshangelwayo uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi indawo yolwazi, okubandakanya ukucwaninga kwemigomo ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni umphakathi - ukuziphatha, imithetho, amasiko, ukuhlolwa kwemigomo yabantu nezenzo endaweni ethile. Izimpawu ezisemqoka zalesi sayensi zisetshenziselwa ukutadisha izinkinga zomphakathi, ezombangazwe, zomndeni.
Indlela yokuziphatha ihluke kanjani kulesi sici?
Sonke kusukela ebuntwaneni sikhumbule ukuthi safundiswa ukugcina imithetho yokuziphatha , lokhu kuziphatha okukhathazayo hhayi kuphela ezindaweni zomphakathi, kodwa nasekhaya. I-label isethi yezinkambiso noma imithetho yokuziphatha ezindaweni zomphakathi. Nazi ezinye zazo:
- unikeza indlela yokuthutha kubantu asebekhulile;
- ubambe umnyango;
- ukuziphatha ngokwemvelo ezindaweni zomphakathi, ungenzi umsindo;
- landela imithetho yokuziphatha etafuleni lokudla.
Ukuziphatha kwamanje, ekuqhubekeni kwamasiko amafilosofi yasendulo kanye nabacwaningi, ufunda izinkinga ezijulile zokuziphatha zesintu. Ngakho-ke, imiqondo eqondile yokuziphatha nemikhuba yokuziphatha inezincazelo ezihlukene, kodwa nakanjani kubalulekile, futhi ngomqondo ofana nomphakathi. Lokhu kungafaka:
- ukugcinwa kwamasiko nemikhuba yokuziphatha;
- indlela yokuhlola yokubi nokuhle;
- ithuba lokukhuluma inkululeko nokuzikhethela;
- ukusesha imigomo kanye nencazelo yokuphila komuntu, inhlalakahle yakhe.
Ukuziphatha nezengqondo
Njengomthetho, ukuziphatha kobuntu kuyingxenye ebalulekile ekuhloleni izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zesayensi njengengqondo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi le sayensi ihlanganyela ekutadisheni izici ezingokwengqondo zobuntu, ubukhona bayo, ukusebenzisana nomphakathi oseduze, izinqubo ezenzeka engqondweni yomuntu futhi ngokuvamile zibangelwa yizenzo zakhe. Ukuziphatha, ngaphezu kwalokho, kubheka ukuziphatha nombono womuntu, kodwa ngokuphathelene nezisekelo zokuziphatha nezokuziphatha eziye zasungulwa emphakathini.
Ukubuza umbuzo, yikuphi ukuziphatha, kungenzeka ukuba ucabange ngeminye yemisebenzi yayo, ngosizo lokuthi kungenzeka ukulungisa izikhathi ezithile emfundweni yengqondo nokuziphatha komuntu nomphakathi wonke:
- ukugqugquzela kwanoma yimuphi umsebenzi owusizo;
- umsebenzi wezemfundo;
- isifiso sokuxazulula izingxabano nokuxazulula izinkinga ngokusebenzisa izingxoxo;
- ukuzimisela ezilinganisweni ezibalulekile;
- ukuhlonishwa nokuhlolwa kokuqala kokuphila;
- ukwakheka kokubuka kwezwe elithile.
Ukuziphatha kobuchwepheshe
Isiqondiso esibalulekile ekutadisheni izimiso zokuziphatha kuyisandiso sabo emkhakheni wezabasebenzi wemisebenzi yabantu. Uma uthatha umsebenzi, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi yiziphi izimiso zokuziphatha ezisebenzayo. Lesi yisimiso sezimiso zokuziphatha nemithetho yokuziphatha kwengcweti, okuyisici sendawo ethile yokukhiqiza. Ukulandelwa kwayo ngokuvamile kuyimfuneko yokuphoqeleka emsebenzini, isihluthulelo sokuthuthukiswa okuphumelelayo, futhi, mhlawumbe, ngisho nokukhula komsebenzi.
Ukuziphatha Kwebhizinisi
Njengamanje, abasebenzi bezinkampani eziningi kanye nezinkampani, kokubili angaphandle nakwaseRashiya, bayazi ukuthi yiziphi izimiso ezinkampani - isimiso sezimiso zokuziphatha nezokuziphatha, esekelwe kubasebenzi abasebenzisana nabo noma ngezinhlangano zangaphandle. Kulokhu, imigomo yokuziphatha ivumela ukusetha nokulawula ubudlelwane phakathi kwabasebenzi kanye nendlela yabo yokusombulula imisebenzi noma ukufeza uhlelo. Ukuziphatha kwebhizinisi kungabandakanya lemigomo elandelayo:
- umthwalo wemfanelo emsebenzini;
- ukugcina umqondo womsebenzi wokusebenza komsebenzi;
- ithimba lokubambisana futhi ugxile kulo mphumela jikelele.
Ukuziphatha Kwebhizinisi
Bonke abanikazi bebhizinisi, abaphathi kanye nezikhulu eziphezulu ziyazi kahle ukuziphatha kwezokuxhumana kwebhizinisi - isethi yemigomo yokuziphatha kwenkonzo, ehlose ukufeza imigomo ebekiwe. Ngokuvamile kufaka izingxenye ezilandelayo:
- ukuxhumana ngokuzethemba nokucabangela nabangaphansi, abaphathi, abancintisana nabalingani;
- ikhono lokuhola, ukwenza izinqumo nokugwema izimpikiswano;
- amakhono okuxoxisana;
- ukubumbana kanye nesifiso sokusebenza eqenjini elifanayo.
Ezimweni eziningi, imithetho ethile yokukhulumisana kwebhizinisi iphikisana nezici zobuntu kanye nomqondo womsebenzi. Kulesi simo, kufanele ukhethe phakathi kwezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza kanye nomkhuba noma izimiso zakho. Kwezinye izimo, ukugcinwa kwezimiso zokuxhumana kwebhizinisi kungaba yisibopho sokuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi okuphumelelayo nokukhuthazwa emkhakheni wezemisebenzi.
Ukuziphatha Kwezenkolo
Amasiko wesonto abonakala ngezindinganiso zabo zokuziphatha, ngoba inkolo nezindlela zokuziphatha zihlangene ngokungahambisani nomunye nomunye. Ukuziphatha kwezenkolo kuyisimiso semigomo yokuziphatha ebonisa ukuziphatha nokuqonda komuntu. Bathembele emithethweni yesonto, kodwa abalinganiselwe kubo. Ngaphezu kokuxhumana phakathi komphakathi, ukuziphatha enkolweni kunquma imithetho yokuziphatha kanye nemigomo yobudlelwane obuphakathi komuntu noNkulunkulu, ithuba lokuthethelela, ukuphulukiswa nokukholwa kwabantu ekuqaleni kokuvela kuNkulunkulu.
Ukuziphatha kobudlelwane bomndeni
Emndenini, izimiso zokuziphatha, ngaphezu kokuthandana nokuthandana, ziyingxenye ebalulekile yomshado ojabulisayo. Kulokhu, izindinganiso zokuziphatha zisekelwe ezimisweni ezilandelayo:
- inhlonipho;
- ithemba;
- ukungabikho kokugxeka okungenangqondo;
- ukwenqaba ukucacisa ubudlelwano nabangaphandle;
- ukulahla ngokuhlelekile ukukhulumisana kabi nokusetshenziswa kwamandla omzimba;
- ukuzikhethela njengesibonelo esihle sokukhulisa ingane;
- isimo sengqondo esifanayo kuzo zonke izingane emndenini ngaphandle kokwabiwa nokukhuthazwa okwengeziwe komuntu.
Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukuziphatha kobudlelwane phakathi kwabalingani bomshado kanye nezihlobo kubalulekile ekugcineni umndeni ogcwele futhi ojabulisayo, imfundo yokuziphatha nokuziphatha kwesizukulwane esizayo. Ngokuphathelene nesigqi esiphezulu sokuphila, iningi labantu ngezinye izikhathi alisabele ngisho namagama noma izenzo zabantu abasondelene nabo: abashade, abazali, izingane.
Ukuziphatha Kwemvelo
Ukuphendula umbuzo, yiziphi izimiso zokuziphatha zomphakathi, kubalulekile ukukhumbula incazelo yegama elithi "yezwe" - umphakathi, hhayi i-ecclesiastical. Ngakho-ke kulandela ukuthi ukuziphatha kwezwe kuyisethi yemigomo yokuziphatha esekelwe emisebenzini yomphakathi ngaphandle kwethonya lesonto. Lezi zimiso, njengombuso, ziqokonyiswa ngesizathu, hhayi ngokuqonda komuntu. Zilawula ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu ngokwemigomo yokuziphatha, ukwethula imibono yokuhle nokubi, abazuzayo kanye nozwela, ngaphandle kokuthi impilo yomphakathi ophucukile awunakwenzeka.
Ukuziphatha kwi-intanethi
E-intanethi, ukuziphatha kokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi kuyindlela yomuntu yokuxhumana ngokungabikho koxhumana naye nomphikisi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isici esinjalo, akusona isisombululo sokuhlambalaza namahlaya angcolile ekhelini lomunye umuntu. Ngaphezu kwenkinga enjalo ephakama lapho ukhuluma kwiWorld Wide Web, ukuziphatha kokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi kungabandakanya lemigomo elandelayo:
- ukugcinwa kwesihloko senkulumo;
- eheha abaxhumanisi bakho noma wena;
- ukungabikho kokuhlunga kanye nokwenzeka kokucaphuna;
- ingxoxo yezimo zokukhangisa;
- Izici zokubhala imiyalezo - ifonti, ubukhulu, umbala wombhalo, ukuba khona kwezithombe noma ukumamatheka.
Ukuziphatha komphakathi
Emphakathini ophucukileko, ukuziphatha komsebenzi wezenhlalakahle kuyimfanelo, ehlanganisa imigomo yokusebenzisana kwabantu emphakathini. Imithetho noma izimiso ezinjalo zingakwazi ukulawula imisebenzi yomuntu ngamunye emphakathini, ukusekela ukukhona kwayo, ukwandise umthwalo walabo abaphethe ukuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile komphakathi. Umuntu ofanayo kubalulekile ukunamathela emithethweni yokuziphatha kwezenhlalakahle ekuthuthukiseni okuphumelelayo kokubili yena nomphakathi owuzungezile.
Izimiso zokuziphatha
Imiqondo yokuziphatha nokuziphatha ngokuvamile isetshenziswe kumongo owodwa. Ukuziphatha kuyimigomo yokulawula ukuziphatha noma ukuhlola izenzo zomuntu, ubudlelwane bakhe nomphakathi, kanye nezici zokusebenzisana kwezombusazwe nokuphakathi. Izimiso zokuziphatha zimelela uhlelo lwezinkambiso ezifanayo ezisetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zomphakathi:
- ukukhiqizwa;
- umndeni;
- ezombusazwe;
- inkolo.
Kunoma yikuphi isimo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi yiziphi izimiso zokuziphatha, nokuthi lo mqondo ukhona hhayi kuphela ukuxazululwa, kodwa futhi nokuhlola ukusebenzisana kwabantu ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zokuphila kwabo. Ukulandela izindinganiso zokuziphatha, ungathola ibhalansi edingekayo ukuze kube khona ukuphila okunethezeka, ukuqonda umugqa phakathi kokuhle nokubi, ukufunda ukuthi ulungile futhi unesihe, okwezinye izikhathi ezingekho emphakathini wanamuhla.