Ukungaqondakali kwengqondo kuningi. Kukhona lokho okwenzeka kaningi, kodwa kukhona ukwephulwa okungajwayelekile, okufaka ukuhlukaniswa komuntu. Kulesi sifo, abantu abaningana bahlala emzimbeni womuntu, futhi uma kungenzeka, "ungashintsha" kusuka komunye kuya komunye.
Kuyini ukwehlukana kobuntu?
Ukweqa noma ukuhlukanisa umuntu kuyisifo sengqondo lapho umuntu angakwazi khona ukukhuluma nge-ego amabili noma ngaphezulu. Bahlala ndawonye ngokukhululekile emzimbeni munye, nakuba bangaba yizigaba ezahlukene zeminyaka, babe nobulili obuhlukile, njll. Lesi sifo sibhekiswe eqenjini lezinkinga zokuguqulwa kwe-dissociative (eziguqulwayo), ezikhonjiswe ukwephulwa kwemisebenzi enjengokuthi:
- inkumbulo;
- ukuqonda;
- ubunikazi.
Okubalulekile kwalokhu kwenzeka ukuthi izinqubo ezisezingeni lomuntu onokuguquka kwezifo zenza umphumela wokuhlanganisa abantu abaningana. Ngamunye wabo ngokwehlukana angeke acatshangelwe ukuthi uphelele futhi ozimele. Ngesikhathi esithile, i-psyche ishintsha kusuka kwesinye isimo se-ego kuya kwesinye. Umuntu osebenzayo akakhumbuli okwenzekile lapho kuqala "I" kuqala.
Ingabe kunomuntu ohlukaniswe
Ukuphazamiseka komuntu amaningi emithi kunamagama ahlukene. Iningi labantu linombono ocacile walesi sifo, ungakholelwa ukuthi ukhona; Abanye bacabanga ukuthi kuyisizathu sokulutha izidakamizwa futhi badidekile nge-schizophrenia. Ukwesaba ukukhathazeka kwabantu kungakapheli iminyaka eyikhulu. Ngisho nasemidwebo yamadwala e-Paleolithic, lapho ama-shamans "aphindaphinda" ezilwaneni noma emoyeni, ubuntu obuningi bubonakala. Isimo sokuqaphela ukuhlukaniswa singachaza futhi imiqondo enjengale:
- Ukwethulwa kwemiphefumulo, izisusa zomhlaba.
- Ukutholakala kwamademoni.
Emakhulwini eminyaka adlule, ngalezi zenzakalo ezikhulunywe ngenhla, balwa nezindlela zabo, ngezinye izikhathi bahlukumeza (kuze kufike ekushiseni esigxotsheni). Ngokuthuthukiswa kwemithi kanye ne-psychology, indlela yashintsha. Ngekhulu le-18, esibonelweni sezindaba zikagulayo uVictor Ras, ongazange akhumbule lokho akwenza ngesikhathi sokulala - okungukuthi. esimweni sokuguquka - ubuntu obuhlukanisayo buqala ukubhekwa njenge-syndrome engatholakala futhi iphindwe.
Ubuntu obunqamulelayo - izizathu
I-syndrome yokuqaphela ukuhlukaniswa kubhekwa njengesiqabile. Eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, kuphela izimo ezingu-163 zalesi sifo eziqoshiwe, futhi isayensi ayikwazi ukuphendula okwamanje umbuzo walokho okugqugquzela umuntu oyedwa ukuba abe enye. Izizathu eziqondile aziqashiwe, kodwa kubonakala ukuthi abantu abaningi bangakwazi ukwenza izinto ezinjalo:
- ubudlova obuvamile (ngokobulili, ngokomzimba, njll);
- ukuhlukumezeka okukhulu ngokomzwelo okwenzeka ebuntwaneni;
- ukugula ngengqondo;
- ukusetshenziswa kwegesi elihlezayo;
- isimo somqondo noma i-trance;
- ukuwa kweqiniso (amabhayisikobho, imidlalo ye-inthanethi, njll);
- ukulala nokucindezeleka.
Ukuhlukanisa ubuntu - ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani
Ukuhlukaniswa kwabantu ngobuningi kuhlotshaniswa nomqondo wokuhlukanisa - indlela yokuzivikela kwengqondo , lapho umcimbi uqala ukubonwa ngokwahlukana, njengokungathi izenzakalo zenzeka ngaphandle komuntu uqobo, kodwa ngomunye umuntu. Ukuhlukanisa ukwazi ukubonakaliswa ngokweqile kokuhlukaniswa. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokungazi, ukuqapha imizwelo emibi. Uma indlela yokuvikela ivuselelwa ngezikhathi ezithile, kunezinkinga zokuguqulwa.
Ukuhlukanisa ubuntu - izimpawu
I-syndrome ye-dissection yomuntu ithinteka kuphela ngabantu abadala abaye babhekana nosizi ebuntwaneni. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-dissociative kubangela ukunganaki nokudideka esigulini, kuphazamisa ukuziphatha kokuphila komphakathi okujwayelekile. Lesi sifo sinamafomu amathathu: ukukhanya, medium and heavy. Ngesikhathi sokuqala, kunzima ukuxilonga ukuthi ubuntu obuningi buhlukaniswa , ikakhulukazi ngokwakho. Noma kunjalo ezinye izibonakaliso zikhombisa lesi sifo:
- Isiguli sisho okuthile okungenakuqhathaniswa ngokuphelele kuye.
- Izenzo zakhe ziphikisana.
- Kulesi simo, umuntu wesibili akazibonakali nganoma iyiphi indlela. Umuntu uyaziqhenya naye njengento eyodwa.
Ngezigaba ezinzima kakhulu zokuthuthukiswa kwesifo, ukukhubazeka komuntu kubonakala ngezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukukhunjulwa kwememori, ukulahlekelwa okuncane kwezinkumbulo;
- inkulumo kanye ne-logic disorder;
- isimo sengqondo sishintsha;
- ukwehlisa impendulo kwisenzo sangaphandle;
- ikhanda;
- ukujuluka okukhulu;
- ukungalingani.
Ungabangela kanjani ukuhlukaniswa komuntu?
I-Syndrome yobuntu abaningi ayitholakali njalo izifo kanye nomphumela wendlela yokuvikelwa esimweni esicindezelayo. Ukuzwela kokulahlekelwa kungabonakala ngisho nabantu abanempilo emva kokucwiliswa okugcwele kwenye into yangempela: virtual (imidlalo e-intanethi), ibhuku, i-cinematographic. Kwezinye izimo, ukubanjwa kwemikhosi yenkolo kanye nesingeniso esithombeni kungasiza ekutholeni isipiliyoni esifushane se-dissociative.
Indlela yokuphatha ubuntu wobuntu?
Ubuntu obunqamulelayo buyisifo esingapheli, esingajwayelekile, esitholakale esingahlala kuyo yonke impilo yomuntu. Kunzima ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile, futhi ngokuvamile abantu abanenkinga yokuhlukanisa imithi bachitha iminyaka eminingi esibhedlela sengqondo. Ukwelashwa kwe-pathology kunezinhlobo ezintathu:
- imithi;
- i-psychotherapeutic;
- setha kokubili izindlela.
Ngesinye isikhathi senza i-hypnosis, ubuciko nokuzivocavoca. Uma sikhuluma mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, abantu abathintekayo abanomuntu obuningi bavame ukushiwo ukucindezeleka nokucindezeleka . Bakhululeka ukucindezeleka futhi bancishise umsebenzi owedlule. Impendulo kuphela yale ndlela ukulutha okusheshayo.
Ubuntu obunqamulelayo - amaqiniso athakazelisayo
Ubuntu obuningi obuhlala kumuntu ofanayo - into eyingqayizivele ethandekayo ochwepheshe nabantu abavamile iminyaka eminingi. Kunamanye amaqiniso athembekile ngaye:
- Abantu abanomuntu wokuhlukaniswa babhekwa njengokungalungile njengengozi. Kunalokho, bazilimaza ngokwabo, kunabanye. Abaningi bayavuma ukuthi bazama ukuzibulala ngokuthi "ukuhleleka" kwesinye se-hypostases yabo.
- Ukushintsha ukusuka ku "I" kuya kwesinye kuvame ukuvela lapho umuntu ezwa esongelwa. "Ukufakela" komunye umuntu kumnika ithemba.
- Endleleni yokwelapha lesi sifo kunconywa ukuba uphathe bonke abantu ngenhlonipho efanayo.
- Isithombe esithandwayo kakhulu somuntu onobuntu obuhlukanisayo nguDkt Jekyll noMnu. Hyde.
- Kusuka ku-1 kuya kwezingu-3% kubo bonke abantu emhlabeni ababhekene nokugula okungaxhunywanga.
Abantu abadumile abanobuntu obuningi
Ngokwezibalo, lesi sifo sivame kakhulu kubantu baseMelika, nakuba abantu banoma yibuphi ubudala nobuzwe besithinteka yi-syndrome. Isiguli sokuqala esitholakale sinesifo somuntu singumama wesifazane waseFrance oneminyaka engu-45 ubudala, owayenabantu abathathu abazimele nabahlukene. Umuntu odumile kakhulu onabantu abaningi futhi oyingqayizivele kakhulu nguBilly Milligan. Umkhiqizo wawuhlanganisa nabantu abangu-24, abayishumi kubo babeyisisekelo, kuhlanganise noBilly ngokwakhe, bonke abanye bangamabanga amabili. Abanye abantu abadumile abane-diagnosis efanayo:
- umsikazi uJuanita Maxwell, owabulala lo muntu lapho ehlala kwelinye lama-hypostases akhe ayisithupha;
- IsiNgisi uKim Noble, owayenobuntu obungama-20;
- Usosayensi waseMelika uRobert Oxenem (11 ego uthi);
- UChris Sizemore, "umnikazi" wabantu abathathu kuya kwabangu-22;
- U-Trudy Chase namalungu akhe angu-92, ahluke kakhulu komunye nomunye.
Amabhuku mayelana nokuhlukaniswa kobuntu
Isimo sokuhlukanisa siyathakazelisa abaningi, kodwa asifundile ngokwanele. Izimpendulo zemibuzo engapheli mayelana nalokhu kutholakala zinganikeza izincwadi ezizimele ngokuphathelene nobuntu obuhlukahlukene kanye nemisebenzi yobuciko:
- "Indaba engavamile kaDkt. Jekyll noMnu. Hyde" nguRobert Lewis Stevenson (1886) indaba endala mayelana nendoda enezimfanelo ezimbili.
- "Yilwa neClub" i-Chuck Palahniuk (1996) - enye yezincwadi ezithandwayo kakhulu, kamuva zifakiwe.
- UDaniel Kees "Izinhliziyo eziningi ze-Billy Milligan" (1981) , ngokusekelwe ezenzakalweni zangempela.
- "Sybil" Flora Rita Schreiber (1973) - indaba yangempela mayelana nobuntu obuningi besifazane oyedwa.
- "Uma unogwaja ukhononda" u-Truddy Chase (1981) - indaba esetshenziswe kumuntu wokuqala.
I-Disorder yobuntu abaningi - ama-movie
Abantu abanobuntu obuhlukanisayo nezintambo zabo ezimangalisayo kubonakala kwi-cinema. Izincwadi eziningi ezithandwayo zadluliselwa esikrinini futhi zatshela izindaba ezintsha ezisemqoka kule ndaba. Phakathi kwabo:
- I-Thriller Hitchcock "Psycho" (1960).
- I-tape ye-Biographical "Sybil" (1976), ukulungiswa kokuqala kwenkaba noFlorora Rita Schreiber.
- "Amazwi" (1990) - emibhalweni kaTruddy Chase.
- "Fight Club" (1999) esekelwe encwadini yaseNalena.
- I-thriller eyimfihlakalo "Ukukhomba" (2003).
- Ukwesaba "Isitha ekucabangeni" (2010).
- Ukwahlukanisa (2016) kuyintandokazi yengqondo mayelana nomfana onamalungu angu-23.
Uchungechunge mayelana nokuhlukaniswa kobuntu
Ukuhlukanisa ubuntu kuyinto isifo, okuyizinto eziningi amahlaya amadlingozi, amadrama kanye amahlaya amahloni badutshulwa, kodwa hhayi kuphela ubude obugcwele. Izifo zengqondo - inhlabathi evundile yezinhlayiya. Futhi ukuhlonza iziguli ezine-splitting syndrome kuyisizathu esihle kakhulu salesi sakhiwo. Olunye uchungechunge, abalingiswa babo bangabantu abanamakhono amaningi:
- "Jekyll" (2007) iyincazelo yesimanje yendaba kaDkt. Jekyll noMnu. Hyde.
- "U-Tara ohlukile" (2008-2011) - indaba yentombazane enezinhlamvu eziyisithupha "Mina".
- "I-Motel Bates" (2013-2017) yi-prequel yethelevishini ye-"Psycho" ye-Hitchcock.
Namuhla, ukuxilongwa kokuhlukaniswa kwabantu akumangazi muntu. Mayelana naye okuningi utshelwe futhi hhayi okungaphansi kubonisiwe. Kodwa-ke, i-syndrome yisifo esingavamile senkinga ye-psyche, okunzima ukubeka ngisho nokululama ukuphilisa. Kwezinye izimo, ukukhubazeka kwe-dissociative kuyahlala kungavamile. Iziguli zidinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo iminyaka emihlanu noma ngaphezulu, ukuze inani labantu linciphise libe linye.