I-Israyeli ingenye yamazwe athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwezivakashi. Njengoba kunomthelela omkhulu wezihambi ezivela kuzo zonke izingxenyana zomhlaba kanye nobuhlobo obunamakhelwane nabomakhelwane (u-Israyeli akanalo ukuxhumana okuhambisana nezokuvakasha namazwe angomakhelwane ngenxa yenkambinkimbi e-Arab-Israel eyalukhuni), indlela eya kuphela eZweni Lesithembiso elifisiwe lidlula esibhakabhakeni.
Zingaki zezindiza e-Israel?
Kunezikhumulo zezindiza ezingu-27 e-Israel. Kunabantu abangu-17 phakathi kwabo. Izindawo eziyinhloko ziseTel Aviv , e- Eilat , eHaifa , e- Herzliya naseRosh Pinna . Izindawo zezindiza eziyi-10 zenzelwe izinhloso zempi. Kunezikhumulo zezindiza ezi-3 ezisetshenziselwa ukuhamba kwezempi nezombuso ( Uvda , Sde-Dov , Haifa ).
Isikhumulo sezindiza esidala kunazo zonke e-Israel se-Haifa. Yakhiwa ngo-1934. Omncane kunazo zonke yi-Uvda Airport, eye yasebenza kusukela ngo-1982. Kodwa maduzane uzolahlekelwa lesi simo. Ekupheleni kuka-2017, ukuvulwa okukhulu kwesikhumulo sezindiza esisha esifundeni saseTimna Valley - uRamon uhlelwe. Zonke izindiza zomphakathi eziya e-Eilat zizohanjiswa lapha, kanti i-Udva Airport izoba yinto eyodwa kuphela yezempi.
Izikhumulo zezindiza e-Israyeli ngezindiza zamazwe ngamazwe
Naphezu kwenani elikhulu lezikhumulo zezindiza ezweni, kuphela 4 kubo abanesimo samazwe ngamazwe. Lezi yizindiza zezindiza:
- UBen-Gurion (Isifunda Esiphakathi, uLodi);
- I-Uvda / Ovda (isifunda saseNingizimu, 60 km ukusuka e-Eilat);
- Haifa (isifunda saseHaifa, ingxenye esempumalanga yedolobha laseHaifa);
- Eilat (esifundeni saseNingizimu, isikhungo sase-Eilat).
Isikhumulo sezindiza esikhulu kakhulu kunazo zonke e-Israel nguBen-Gurion (umgibeli womgibeli - ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-12).
Ngemuva kokuvulwa ngo-2004 kwesigumbi sesithathu esakhiwe ngokusho kwegama elithi "izwi lobuchwepheshe" lwakamuva, lesi siphephelo sezindiza saba yidolobha langempela, lapho kukhona khona izivakashi ezingase zidingeke:
- ukuhamba ngezinyawo;
- iziphakamisi ezihamba phambili;
- amaphuzu aqashisayo emoto;
- zonke izimo zabantu abakhubazekile (ungakwazi ngisho nokubiza ukuhambisa okukhethekile);
- izindawo zokuzilibazisa;
- inombolo enkulu yezitolo yazo zonke ukunambitheka;
- igumbi lomama nengane;
- amathilomu, ama-bistros, imishayo yokudla;
- amabalazwe asebenzisanayo nezinkomba ezinembile.
Phakathi kwama-terminals, amabhasi asekhaya agijima njalo. Kusuka kuBen Gurion ungathola kunoma iyiphi indawo yokuhlala e-Israel. Ukuhlangana komgwaqo kucatshangwa ngokucophelela futhi kulula kakhulu. Ezingeni eliphansi leGedali 3 kukhona isiteshi sesitimela (ungaya e- Tel Aviv naseHaifa ). Futhi ensimini yesikhumulo sezindiza kukhona isitimela sebhasi, lapho imizila yebhasi yenkampani enkulu kunazo zonke e-Israel - inkampani e-Egged. Futhi isikhumulo sezindiza ngokwawo sibheke emgwaqweni omkhulu owaziwayo "iTel Aviv - Jerusalem ". Amatekisi noma izimoto eziqashisiwe zikuyisa ekuqhumeni kwakho okuthandayo ngesikhathi esifushane.
I-airport yesibili ebaluleke kunazo zonke e-Israel yi- Uvda . Ungumuntu othobekile kakhulu kunokuba uBen-Gurion (umgwaqo womgibeli ungaba ngu-117 000). Ekuqaleni, isikhumulo sezindiza sakhiwa izidingo zempi, okubonakalayo ngokwezakhiwo zokwakha. Isakhiwo sincane futhi asihloselwe ukuhlanganiswa kwenani elikhulu labantu. Noma kunjalo, ngaphakathi kukhululekile, amakamelo okulinda anakho konke okudingayo: izindlu zangasese, amathilomu, izitolo, izihlalo eziphephile.
Isikhumulo sezindiza e- Haifa sinomgwaqo omncane wabantu abahamba ngezinyawo (cishe 83,000) nomgwaqo owodwa. Njengomthetho, isetshenziselwa izindiza ezifuywayo nezokuhamba ngezinyawo (izindiza eziya eTurkey, eCyprus, eJordani).
Isikhumulo sezindiza sokugcina sakwa-Israyeli esinesimo samazwe omhlaba, esivela enkabeni ka- Eilat , inqabile ukukhonza izindiza kwamanye amazwe. Iqiniso liwukuthi akakwazi nje ukwamukela izimboni ezinkulu (ngokomgwaqo omncane kakhulu) futhi akanalo ingqalasizinda eyanele yokugijima kwabagibeli. Ngakho-ke, lesi sikhumulo sezindiza sinomsebenzi wokuxhumana phakathi kwezikhungo ezimbili zokubhula - iTel Aviv no-Eilat.
Yimiphi imizi yakwa-Israyeli enezikhumulo zezindiza zasendlini?
Akufanelekile ukuchitha isikhathi esiyigugu seholide, kodwa izakhamuzi eziningi zilingwa ukuvakashela izindawo eziningana eziqashisayo zase-Israel ngesikhathi esisodwa. Le nkinga iyasizwa izindiza zangaphakathi, ezokuthatha emaminithini ambalwa ukusuka kwenye ingxenye yezwe ukuya kwenye.
Ngakho, lapho imizi yakwa-Israyeli inezindiza zezindiza ezikhonza izindiza zasendlini:
- U-Eilat (izithwala ezisemqoka: i-Arkia, Israir, i-ELAL, isikhumulo sezindiza sisebenza ngomthwalo ophezulu, ithrafikhi yomgibeli i-1,300,000, ikakhulukazi izivakashi zihamba);
- I-Tel-Aviv (isiteleka sezindiza saseSde-Dov, izindiza eziningi e-Eilat);
- Haifa (abagibeli - izivakashi zakwamanye amazwe abahamba ngezinyawo ukuya eTel Aviv nase-Eilat);
- I-Rosh Pinna (ukuqondiswa okuyinhloko kwezindiza yi-Tel Aviv).
Kukhona nezindawo zezindiza e-Herzliya, Afula , eBer Sheva , kodwa azivame ukusetshenziselwa izivakashi. Lezi zinkundla zempi zigxile ekuqhumeni, emajetsheni angasese, nge-parachuting nezindiza ezincane.
Manje uyazi ukuthi yiziphi izikhumulo zezindiza eziku-Israyeli futhi ungahlela uhambo lwakho kusengaphambili ngenduduzo enkulu.