Kunezitayela ezahlukene ze-design landscape, okufanele zikhethwe, zingagxili ezintweni ezithandayo, kodwa futhi endaweni kanye nezici zesayithi. Kunezikhombisi-ndlela ezihlukahlukene zokuklama nezici zabo siqu ezakha umkhathi oyingqayizivele.
Izitayela ze-landscape design kanye nezici zabo ezihlukahlukene
Lapho uhlela isikhala ngezinqumo ezahlukene zezindlela ze-stylistic, udinga ukucabangela hhayi kuphela izinto eziyinhloko, kodwa futhi nemininingwane. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi uqale ukwenza uhlelo, isibonelo, ukuthola ukuthi amathrekhi azoba kuphi, lapho kukhona indawo evulekile, indawo yokuphumula, echibini nokunye. Izitayela ze-landscape design yendawo ye-suburban zixazulula le nkinga ngezindlela ezahlukene, ngokucabangela ukucabangela okubalulekile kanye nezinto eziza kuqala. Kunezinto ezibalulekile nezakhi okufanele uzinake kuzo:
- Izitshalo zinconywa ukuba zitshale ngamaqembu, ngakho-ke ungakha izingoma zombala ezishintsha unyaka wonke. Kubalulekile ukulinganisa izakhi zobunjwa.
- Izitayela ze-design landscape zifaka inombolo enkulu yemininingwane ehlukaniswe ngamaqembu. Into eyinhloko yisakhiwo kanye nomsebenzi wokwenza ukuze ivumelane ngokuvumelana nendawo.
- Ngokwakheke isayithi, kuyisiko ukusebenzisa intshani, engaba isiNgisi, samaMoor kanye nesitezi. Ukuhlukahluka ngalunye kufaneleka ezikhombandlela ezahlukene zesitayela.
- Uma ubhalisa indima ekhethekile idlalwe ukuhlelwa kwemvelo, okumele kuklanyelwe ukuze unyaka wonke insimu ishintshe futhi ingalahlekelwa ukuqala kwayo.
- Uma kunokwenzeka, abadwebi batusa ukuhlela isakhiwo samanzi kwisayithi, isibonelo, echibini, echibini, imvula yamanzi nokunye okunjalo.
- Okubaluleke kakhulu umhlobiso we-landscape, okhethwe ngokuya kwindlela ekhethiwe yokuklama. Kungaba, isibonelo, imidwebo, izimbiza, amagquma ase-alpine nokuningi.
Lapho ukhetha izitayela ze-design landscape, kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuthi abakhiqizi abaningi ngokuvamile benza inhlanganisela yeziqondiso eziningana namasu ahlukene. Ngenxa yalokhu, ungathola isayithi elivumelanisiwe futhi uhlanganise imibono yokwakha eyithakazelisayo kakhulu. Kulesi simo, ukuklama kwenziwa ngaphandle kokucabangela izici ze-landscape. Lesi siqondiso ngokuvamile sibizwa ngokuthi i-eclecticism. Izici zayo eziyinhloko:
- Ngesikhathi usebenzisa isayithi, udinga ukusebenzisa okungenani izitayela ezingu-2-3.
- Kukhona ukuphikisana, kodwa ngokuhlanganiswa kwabo kuyisiko ukwenza isici esisodwa, isibonelo, into noma umbala.
- Kubalulekile ukwabela izingxenye zokusebenza futhi kufanele babe nemingcele ecacile. Ngalesi sizathu, ungakhetha amatshe, izinsika nokunye. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi indawo ngayinye inesitayela sayo futhi lokhu kwenza isayithi ibe yinto yokuqala.
- Akunconywa ukusebenzisa izakhi eziningi ekwakheni, njengoba lokhu kuzokwenza umphumela we-clutter.
- Akuwona umqondo omuhle ukufaka ifenisha, ucingo nokuhlobisa ngombala owodwa. Lokhu kuzokwenza zonke izingxenye zihlangane zibe munye.
Isitayela se-Alpine ku-design landscape
Lolu khetho lufanelekile ezindaweni ezihamba phambili ezizofana nentaba. Emhlabathini wezinga, ungakwazi ukuhlela i-rockery noma i- alpine hill . Ukuhlelwa kwemvelo phambi kwendlu ngesitayela sesimanje nangemva kwayo kusho ukusetshenziswa kwenani elikhulu lamatshe, futhi ungabandakanya nokuklanywa kobucwebe nezensimbi. Esinye isici sokwehluka - okungafani. Ukuzulazula kungenziwa, kodwa zonke izingxenye zesayithi kumele zihlangane. Indlu kufanele ibe phezu kwentaba.
Umklamo wemibala ojwayelekile ulula, kodwa unezinhlawulo eziningi ezikhanyayo. Zonke izitayela ze-landscape design zinezici zazo ezikhethekile ezitshalweni, kanti ukuqondiswa kwe-alpine umuntu kufanele akhethe okunjalo: izitshalo eziqhamukayo nezitshalo ezincane. Izihlahla ezinjalo zinconywa: i-honeysuckle, ugqumugqumu, okusajingijolo, i-hydrangea, i-barberry njalonjalo. Izimbali zingahluka, ngakho-ke, ngisho nomhlonyane ovamile uzobukeka kahle.
Isitayela esivamile kumklamo we-landscape
Izici ezihlukanisayo zalesi siqondiso zihlanganisa ukulinganisa, ubujamo obuvamile be-geometric kanye ne-oda. Isitayela esijwayelekile esifanele saseFrance kuphela ezindaweni ezinkulu. Umqondo wakhe oyinhloko wukuthi umuntu ulawula imvelo futhi ufuna ukuhlela ukuhleleka phezu kwezingxabano ezinkulu. Izingoma ze-axial ezakhiwe ezungeze izinto eziyinhloko zithandwa kakhulu. Ingxenye ebalulekile yensimu yi-bosquet.
Isitayela esivamile sokwakhiwa kwe-landscape inezici ezinjalo: ukutshani okulungile, izithombe, isaphulelo kanye nezindlela eziningi. Izitshalo akufanele zimboze ama-curbs, ngakho-ke ungatshala iminyaka kanye ne-bulbous. Ama-firs, thuja kanye nezihlahla ezinganqunywa zifanelekile. Isetshenziswe ngentshisekelo yesitayela evamile yezingqimba ze-design landscape, okumele ihambisane kahle futhi ifakwe kahle. Ifenisha yaseJalimane ingaba ngamatshe noma ukhuni, into eyinhloko ukuthi ibukeka iyigugu.
Isitayela sesiNgisi ku-landscape design
Lesi siqondiso sibonakala ngokwemvelo, ukungabi khona kwamafomu okuqinile nokuhlanganisana nemvelo ehambelanayo. Izitayela eziningi zengadini ku-design landscape zisekelwe ekuguqulweni okukhulu, futhi isiNgisi (landscape) - ezincane, futhi ngisho nokunye ukunganakekelwa nokukhululeka kuvunyelwe. Kungenziwa kukhethwe ezindaweni ezincane. Izici eziyinhloko zifaka phakathi ukuhamba kwemimoya eyenziwe ngamatshe angokwemvelo, izitsha zemvelo kanye nentshonalanga ehlelwe kahle.
Ezindawo ezithokozile zesayithi kuyisiko ukufaka i-gazebos namabhentshi. Indawo yokuphumula ingahlukaniswa yi-trellis noma i-arch. Bathanda imibhede yemifula ephakathi kwezinga eliphezulu ngesitayela sesiNgisi. Uma ufuna ukufaka izithombe, awudingi ukubeka phakathi nendawo yokwakheka, futhi isisombululo esifanele ukubeka kuzo ezindaweni ezingahambisani naso. Idizayini isebenzisa ukuhlelwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nenamba enkulu yemibala, isibonelo, ama-tulips, mallow njalonjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungatshala i-thuju, i-boxwood kanye nomjunipha, futhi izihlahla kufanele zibe mude futhi zibe mnyama.
Isitayela saseMedithera emklamo wezwe
Lokhu kunzima kakhulu ukusebenzisa izikhombisi-ndlela, ngoba ihlanganisa izitshalo ze-citrus kanye ne-coniferous, kanye nezinqolobane ezimnandi. Isitayela saseMedithera siyilungele izindawo zokusiza. Ukuze uthole isimo sezulu esibucayi, kudingeka uthathe ama-analogues aguquguqukayo ezitshalo ezingaphansi komhlaba. Izindlela eziyinhloko zokuklama komhlaba zihlanganisa isiqondiso seMedithera futhi ngoba izici ezinjalo ziyizici: imibala eminingi kanye nemvelo, inqwaba yamatshe engokwemvelo, amabhentshi amakhulu kanye namapulangwe, izibalo zasadini, amachibi, ama-cascades kanye nemithombo.
Isitayela seJapan kumklamo we-landscape
Kule ndlela, kuyisiko ukugxila emininingwaneni, njengoba isici ngasinye sinencazelo. Imininingwane eyinhloko ngamatshe, amanzi kanye nezitshalo. Isitayela seJapane esimweni sezwe sisho ukulinganisa kwazo zonke izingxenye, isikali sombala sivinjelwe, futhi izakhi eziyinhloko zingamatshe nezitshalo. Njengoba izitshalo ezisemqoka zisebenzisa i-pine, thuja, izihlahla ze-apple ezihlobisa, iplamu kanye namadwala enemiqhele enamahlathi. Ukuze ushintshe, ungatshala ama-fern, okusanhlamvu, ama-peonies nama-irises. Izakhi eziyinhloko zokuhlobisa: ingadi yamatshe , i-gazebo kanye "nemifula" eyomile. Kudingeka umthombo wamanzi.
Isitayela sezwe ku-design landscape
Lesi yisakhiwo esiwuthanda kakhulu, esekelwe ekulula, ngokwemvelo nokukhululeka. Isitayela sezwe kumklamo we-landscape kusho ukuthi ukwenqatshwa kwemigqa eqondile nephuzu lokubheka inkululeko yokudala. Kufanelekile kuzo zonke izici kanye nezici zibandakanya: ukutholakala kwemibala ekhanyayo nezinto zokwakha zemvelo, kanye nokutshala izihlahla zezithelo ezisetshenziswa ngeziko kanye nezitshalo, kanye nezitshalo ezinomlomo nezitshalo. Ukuhlobisa, ungafaka imithombo, uthango, amabhentshi, imigoqo, izingodo kanye nezibalo ezihlukahlukene.
Isitayela saseScandinavia ku-design landscape
Lesi siqondiso sibonakala ngokuba khona kwenani elikhulu lezinto ezihlelekile ezihlelekile futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo zokuhlobisa nezitshalo. Isitayela saseScandinavia emazweni angeke sicabange ngaphandle kwamatshe. Ungasebenzisa izitshalo ezahlukene, kodwa kungcono ukukhetha izithelo ezihlahla nezithelo. Ukusebenzisa izitayela ze-landscape design, udinga ukucabangela izici zabo nasesiqondisweni saseScandinavia: ukutholakala kwama-arbors, izimbiza zezimbali nezimbali, izitsha ezindala ezinjengama-plow, amasondo ezinkuni, izitsha ze-ceramics, ngisho nemigoqo nokunye okunye.
Isitayela se-high tech ku-landscape design
Lesi siqondiso sibonakala ngokuqala, kulula futhi kulula ukunakekelwa. Insimu iyavumelana futhi akukho ukucaciswa kokusebenza okucacile. Izinhlobo ezahlukene nezitayela ze-landscape design zinezici zazo zobuciko obuphezulu, lolu hlelo lokusebenza lwezinto ezifana nesilazi, insimbi, ukhonkolo, ipulasitiki namatshe. Izici zihlanganisa ukutholakala kwemigwaqo ecacile, echibini, izitshalo ezihlosiwe kahle nezakhi zokwakha: amabhentshi, izithombe neziqukathi zezitshalo. Njengokuhlobisa, ungasebenzisa izinsika zekhonkrit, amabhola amatshe nesilazi, igrafu yemibala ehlukene nokunye.
Isitayela sase-Italy ku-design landscape
Lesi siqondiso sifana nesitayela se-classical ukuthi kokubili kusho ukuhlukaniswa kwejometrikhi yesayithi zibe yizici. Ephakathi, ezimweni eziningi, izakhi zokuhlobisa eziyinhloko zifakiwe. Isitayela sase-Italy se-landscape design sincoma ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi, amatharafu nezithombe esakhiweni. Ifenisha yamatshe nezinye izinto zokunethezeka zivunyelwe. Izitshalo engadini zivame ukuba khona ngezitshalo, futhi zikhona izindonga ezamukelekayo. Noma kunjalo kungenzeka ukutshala i-rose encane, i-quince yaseJapane, izinhlobo ze-coniferous nezihlahla ezide.
I-Art Nouveau ku-design landscape
Ukucabanga ukuthi isayithi lizobukeka kanjani, kubalulekile ukuzama ukuyeka i-geometry ecacile ngisho nemigqa. Umklamo we-landscape ngesitayela sesimanje usekelwe ekufakweni kwezinto zokwakha zanamuhla, isibonelo, insimbi nesilazi. Ukuze uthole incazelo ye-Art Nouveau, ungasebenzisa amagama anjalo: ukukhululeka, ukuguquguquka nokuqhathanisa. Khetha izitshalo ezingadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, zithandwa: i-coleus enemibala, irises, i-phlox, iminduze njalonjalo. Kunconyelwe i-liana yensimu. Izamanje zamukela noma yikuphi amanzi, kodwa kusuka kocingo kufanele zishiywe.
Isitayela se-Provence ku-landscape design
Insimu kule ndlela isithelo, ngakho ukugcizelela okuyinhloko kulezi zihlahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukukhetha inamba enkulu yezitshalo eziqhakazayo bese uhlela imibhede yemifino ngamakhambi ashisayo. Ekuchazeni isitayela kumklamo we-landscape kuboniswa ukuthi ukuhlobisa insimu kufanele ukhethe izinto ezindala noma ezenziwe ngokweminyaka. Kudingeka isayithi udinga ukuhlela i-arbor nezindawo zokuphumula ngefenisha e-soda ethokomele. Ngesitayela se-Provence, udinga ukubheka incazelo yendawo yaseFrance.
Isitayela se-Eco ku-design landscape
Lesi siqondiso sibonakala ngokulula, kwemvelo nokuvumelana. Isitayela se-Eco sifanele izakhiwo zanoma iyiphi indawo. Babizwa ngokuthi "izivande ezivilaphayo", ngoba lo mqondo usekelwe ekuhlaselweni okuncane kwemvelo. Leyo nje ingadi kufanele ingaboni ukunganaki, ngoba kuyiphutha. Izici zemvelo ezengeziwe zizogcinwa, kube ngcono umphumela.
Ukwakha isitayela semvelo kumklamo we-landscape, uqondiswe yi-palette yemvelo nezinto zokwakha zemvelo. Khetha utshani lobuMoor namakhasha asendle, ngisho nezinhlobo zasendle zezitshalo. Ukuhlobisa kufanele kube yendalo, futhi ifenisha - eyenziwe ngezinto zokwakha zemvelo. Uma ucabanga ngokuklanywa, kufanele ucabange ukuthi awukwazi ukuhlukanisa umkhawulo komunye nomunye, ngakho-ke sebenzisa ubuhle bokuguquguquka.