Esimweni cishe yonke inhlangano namhlanje kunomphathi. Igama elijwayelekile, kodwa akubona wonke umuntu oqonda ukuthi ngubani umphathi? Ngemuva kokuphothula iziqu, i-diploma ayiboni ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi i-specialization encane, kodwa umnikelo wezisebenzi ekuthuthukiseni inkampani awukwazi ukunqunywa. Umthwalo omkhulu wemenenja yinkampani yenqubo yomsebenzi.
Umphathi - ngubani lo?
Abaningi abafunda esikoleni bacabanga ukuthi iyiphi yunivesithi okufanele ifake isicelo. Ingabe kufanelekile ukutadisha e-Faculty of Management? Uhlobo luni lomsebenzi imenenja? Umqondo "wokuphatha" uvele ngolimi lwaseRashiya maduzane, kepha abantu abaphethe iqembu elithile labasebenzi behlala njalo. Kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwemisebenzi yenkampani, inhloko kufanele:
- thatha abasebenzi;
- ukuqeqesha abasebenzi emsebenzini othile;
- ukusabalalisa imisebenzi esebenzayo;
- Ukuqapha isiyalo nokuqondisa umsebenzi wethimba;
- ukumelela inkampani emikhosini ehlukahlukene yasensimini.
Izimfanelo zomphathi
Isikhundla ngasinye sihlala sidinga izimfanelo ezithile ezivela kumuntu ozobhapathizwa. Lokhu kuxhomeke ngokuqondile ngesithombe somphathi kanye nenhlangano yonke. Izimfanelo eziyinhloko umphathi okufanele abe nazo:
- Amandla okufunda (udinga ukuqonda ngokushesha nokuhlaziya ulwazi) nesifiso sokufunda ulwazi olusha.
- Ukucabanga okungajwayelekile (kubalulekile ukukwazi ukusheshisa futhi kushintshe ngokuphawulekayo isu futhi uthole isisombululo sokuqala kwenkinga evelayo, ngoba umncintiswano emakethe 'ungasinda' ngokumangalela nokusebenza kahle).
- Amandla okuhlola isimo futhi asakaze imisebenzi eholela emgomweni.
- Yiba nesibindi (uma umuntu engakwazi ukubeka ngokucacile isiphakamiso futhi "uzokhipha", umsebenzi wakhe wezimenenja uzophela, ungakaze uqale).
- Ukucindezela ukucindezeleka (umuntu othukuthelela amazwi ngamunye noma, ngokuphambene, ehlisa izandla zakhe ekuhlulekeni kokuqala, akunakwenzeka ukuhola iqembu kanye nenkampani ekunqobeni).
Abaphathi bani?
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zabaphathi:
- ezemali (eziphethe ukheshi);
- kubasebenzi (ukhetha abasebenzi);
- inhloko yomnyango wokuthuthukiswa (kuqinisekisa ukufakwa kobuchwepheshe obusha);
- ekuthengeni (obhekene nekhwalithi yezinto zokusetshenziswa zokukhiqiza);
- ekukhangiseni (inikeza ukukhangisa nokukhuthazwa kwezimpahla ezimakethe);
- ekukhiqizeni (ukulawula ukukhiqiza);
- ekudayiseni (obhekene nokukhangisa kwemikhiqizo).
Ubani umphathi wezinga eliphakathi? Laba bangcweti abadlulisela ama-oda abo kubasebenzi abajwayelekile ngokusebenzisa abaphathi bezinga lokuqala. Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu labaphathi ngabaphathi abaphezulu. Sinomthwalo wemfanelo ojulile wezindaba ze-firm. Labo abahlela ukuqeqeshwa, kuyafaneleka ukuqonda ukuthi lo msebenzi uqala ukukhula komsebenzi futhi, kancane kancane uthola amakhono omphathi, ungakwazi ukukhuphukela emithini kumphathi.
Umphathi Wokukhangisa
Lo msebenzi uqala ukuhamba, njengoba umphathi wobudlelwane bomphakathi kufanele axoxe njalo nabantu bemisebenzi ehlukahlukene, kusukela kumuntu wobuntu kuya kubasebenzi bezenhlalakahle. Kuze kube sekugcineni, abantu abakwa-PR kufanele bakwazi ukuvumelanisa nemvelo ethile yezenhlalakahle bese bakhetha indlela yenkhulumomphendvulwano. Imithwalo esemqoka yomphathi wokukhangisa ihlanganisa:
- ukuxhumana nabamaphephandaba;
- ukubamba iqhaza ezinkomfeni nezinkomfa;
- inhlangano yomsebenzi ekuqhubeni imikhankaso yokukhangisa ehlose ukukhuthaza izimpahla kanye nezinsizakalo;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zezinkampani zokukhangisa zomkhiqizo ngamunye kanye nokubala kwezindleko zesimo esithile;
- ukwakha isu lokukhangisa;
- ukudalwa kwamathekisthi okukhangisa, izilogizo;
- ukwakheka komqondo wokukhangisa, okwenzelwe izilaleli ezihlosiwe;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwezincwajana zokukhangisa, izinhlu, ukusebenzisana nezindlu zokuphrinta;
- ukuklama nokukhuthazwa kwesayithi lezinkampani nezinhlangano.
Umphathi Wokuthengisa
Ubani umphathi wokuthengisa futhi yini akwenzayo empilweni yangempela? Lo mchwepheshe unomthwalo wemisebenzi yokuhweba nokuthengisa yenkampani. Ukuhlela ukuthengiswa kwezimpahla, udinga ukwazi ukuthi umthengi ukhetha nokuthi yini ayithandayo. Imithwalo yemfanelo esemqoka yomphathi wokumaketha ukuhlaziywa kwezibalo. Idatha etholakele ivumela ukuthuthukisa inqubomgomo yamanani nokudala ukuhlanganiswa kokukhiqizwa. Njengoba inzuzo iyanda ngokulingana nenani lamakhasimende amasha, umphathi kumele anqume inqubomgomo yokukhangisa yenhlangano.
Umphathi Wezezimali
Inkampani ngayinye inenzuzo yemali futhi idinga isazi esizoyilawula nokuyilawula. Umsebenzi womphathi wezezimali ukulahla izimali zebhizinisi. Umsebenzi wezobuchwepheshe kuhloswe ukuthola nokwandisa njalo inhloko yebhizinisi. Isibopho semisebenzi yezezimali yenkampani siwela ngokuphelele kumphathi.
Isiphathi Somkhiqizo
Uchwepheshe osebenza ekudaleni imikhiqizo emisha, ehlaziya imakethe, izinqubomgomo zokubambisana, izindleko, ukugqugquzela umkhiqizo kanye nokwenza izidingo zayo kuthiwa umphathi wemikhiqizo. Ngomsebenzi, kumele asebenze ngokuhlanganyela neminyango yokuthengisa kanye nezobuchwepheshe, indawo yokukhiqiza. Imisebenzi yomphathi wemikhiqizo ixhomeke ngokuqondile ngohlobo lwenhlangano.
Umphathi wephrojekthi
Ubani umphathi wephrojekthi? Ochwepheshe ophethe iphrojekthi ethile (ukuklama, ukubeka phambili, ukuhlela imisebenzi, ukulawula, ukuxhumana, ukuxazulula izinkinga ngokushesha) kubizwa ngokuthi umphathi wephrojekthi. Kumelwe asebenzise imibono yenkampani ngamakhasimende ngesikhathi esithile, esebenzisa izindlela ezikhona nezinsiza. Kudingeka enze uhlelo lokuthuthukiswa, ukuhlela iqembu, ukusetha ukuxhumana phakathi kwethimba kanye nekhasimende, kuqede konke ukuphazamiseka okwenzekayo nokwenza ukulethwa kwe-oda ngesikhathi esivumelwaneni.
Umphathi Wokuthenga
Ukuthengwa kwempahla eluhlaza kusuka ezinkampanini zenkampani ngaphansi kwemibandela enhle yenhlangano yinto esemqoka eyenziwa ngumphathi wezokuthenga. Izinkampani eziningi zokukhiqiza zikhetha ukuqasha ochwepheshe abasha, ngoba bangakwazi ukufunda ngokushesha ulwazi olwusizo futhi bavumelane nezikhathi ezimakethe eziguqukayo. Njengomthetho, okukhethwa kukho kunikelwa kubalingani abanengqondo yokuhlaziya kanye nezinga eliphakeme lamakhono okuxhumana. Okuhlangenwe nakho ekuhwebeni kuyamukelwa.
Umphathi wezehlakalo
Ubani umphathi wokuhlela imicimbi ehlukile? Kuzo zonke izinkampani zesimanje kukhona abaphathi bezenzakalo ababandakanyeka ekulungiseleleni izenzakalo. Imenenja ephumelelayo ingakwazi kalula ukuhlela iholidi lenkampani, umcimbi webhizinisi, ukugqugquzelwa okhethekile okuhloswe ekukhuthazeni umkhiqizo noma isevisi ethile. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wezobuchwepheshe ukuthuthukisa umqondo ofanele, ngoba umcimbi ngamunye uhlose ukufeza umgomo othize.
Umphathi wezinkinga
Indima yomphathi enhlanganweni ukuyikhipha enkingeni iphezulu kakhulu. Abanye bakholelwa ngephutha ukuthi ochwepheshe abanjalo badinga kuphela ezimweni lapho inkampani ihamba ngokushesha. Imenenja ephikisana nobunzima iyadingeka ukuvimbela isimo esinjalo, futhi inhlangano ayizange ihlale ihamba, kodwa ngokushesha yaqhubekela phambili. Izinkampani eziningi, eziye zabhekana nezikhathi ezinzima, zinezinkampani ezinjalo kubasebenzi babo, abanye - bameme abaphathi be-ejensi ezikhethekile ukuhlola nokudweba isiteleka esenzakalweni sesikhathi esizayo.
Umphathi wezemidlalo
Kwezemidlalo, njengokunye kwezinye izindawo zomsebenzi, kunezintatheli ezahlukene. Akuyona nje abaqeqeshi, abaqeqeshi bama-methodologists noma abafundisi. Ukuncintisana okukhulu kwemakethe kwaholela ekwenzeni umsebenzi onjalo njengomphathi wezemidlalo. Ukuba khona kwesakhiwo sezinhlangano kubonisa isidingo sezochwepheshe zamazinga ahlukene, futhi ngamunye wabo ukhuluma ngezinkinga ezithile. Ikhono lomphathi ngu:
- inhlangano yeqembu;
- ukukhethwa kwabasebenzi kanye nabagijimi;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zamasu kanye namasu;
- sebenze nabalandeli.
Ungaba kanjani umphathi?
Imenenja ephumelelayo, okokuqala, kufanele ikwazi ukuxhumana nabantu bezigaba ezahlukene zomsebenzi. Ulwazi lwe-psychology luzomsiza, ngoba akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthola ulimi olujwayelekile nomuntu ongaziwa. Imenenja kumele ikwazi ukuzwa isimo futhi hhayi okubi, uma intuition ithuthukiswa. Izinto ezinjalo azifundiswa umphathi, kodwa ulwazi oluthola futhi oluthuthukile amakhono luzokusiza ukuba ube ngumsebenzi ebhizinisini lakho. Into eyinhloko ukukhumbula ukuthi amakhono awusizo ahlangabezana nolwazi.
Kubalulekile ukuba nezimfanelo zobuholi nokuzethemba emazwini nasezenzo zakho. Uma ungazizwa njengomholi nomholi, lokhu akufanele kwaziwe futhi kuqondwe ngabangaphansi kwakho. Izinhlanganisela eziningana eziphumelelayo nemiklamo kuzoshintsha ukuzethemba kwakho, futhi uzozikholelwa ngokwakho . Kubalulekile ukukhumbula umthetho owodwa: "Hlala ulawula isimo sakho sengqondo nesimo sakho." Ngemuva kwalokho, njengomthetho, isikhathi sokuthatha isiteji sekhwalithi siza.