Izifo ezibangelwa yi-Enterovirus yiqembu elikhulu lezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane emathumbu (ama-enteroviruses). Lezi zinambuzane zinemihlobo eminingi ehlukene, futhi njalo ngonyaka abamele abasha nabaningi bayavulwa. Lesi sigameko sibonakala ngehlobo-ekwindla okwesikhashana, ngenani eliphezulu lokutheleleka okwenzeka ngoJulayi-Agasti. Ezikhathini zamuva, ukuqubuka okukhulu kwezifo kuye kwaba khona emhlabeni jikelele (ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezingane). Izincomo zokuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-enterovirus zizosiza ukuvimbela imiphumela eyingozi ukuthi lesi sifo sisongela.
Ukutheleleka kwe-enterovirus kuhanjiswe kanjani?
Kunezimboni ezimbili zokudlulisela - umoya ovuthayo (lapho ukhwehlela, ukuklolodela, ukukhuluma) kanye ne-fecal-oral (ukudla, amanzi, oxhumana nabo). "Amasango okungena" okutheleleka yizinambuzane ezimangqamuzana zokuphefumula okuphezulu kanye nomgudu wokugaya. Ukwehluleka ukutheleleka kwe-enterovirus kubantu kuphakame nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Ingozi yokutheleleka kwe-enterovirus
I-enteroviruses ingabangela ukulimala okukhulu emzimbeni. Amafomu aqalisiwe aholela ezifweni ezinzima ngokunqotshwa kwezitho ezibalulekile nezinhlelo zomzimba, ezingabangela ukukhubazeka ngisho nokufa. Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu kubhekisela ekunqothulweni kwama-virus wesimiso sezinzwa.
Umphumela wokutheleleka kwe-enterovirus ku-aseptic serous meningitis , i-encephalitis ne-meningoencephalitis ingaba i-cerebral edema. Ngokuphazamiseka kwe-bulbar, i-aspiration enkulu i-pneumonia kungenzeka. Ifomu lokuphefumula ngezinye izikhathi liyinkimbinkimbi nge-secondary bacneial pneumonia , croup. Ifomu lomzimba lomzimba liyingozi ngokukhulelwa komzimba okukhulu, futhi umonakalo we-enterovirus iso usongelwa ukuphuphuthekisa.
Inoculation kusuka ekutheleleni kwe-enterovirus
Ngeshwa, umgomo wokulwa nokutheleleka kwe-enterovirus awukho okwamanje. Namuhla, ososayensi basebenza ngalolu daba, kodwa ukuba khona kwezinhlobo eziningi zezinambuzane akuvumeli ukuthuthukiswa komgogodla ongakuvikela ngesikhathi esifanayo kuzo zonke amaqembu ama-enteroviruses. Njengamanje, ukugoma kuphela ngokumelene ne-poliomyelitis - isifo esibangelwa izinhlobo eziningana ze-enterovirus.
Ngemuva kokutheleleka kokungena kwe-enterovirus, kutholakala igciwane lesandulela ngculazi. Noma kunjalo, ukuzivikela kungukuthi i-serospitsefichnym, isb. lenziwa kuphela uhlobo lwegciwane umuntu ayenalo. Kusukela kwezinye izinhlobo ze-enteroviruses, akakwazi ukuvikela.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-enterovirus
Ekhuluma mayelana nokuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-enterovirus, okokuqala kudingekile ukuqonda imithetho yemvelo, okugubha okuvimbela ukutheleleka nokusabalala kokutheleleka. Ake sibhale uhlu olubaluleke kakhulu kubo:
- Ukwenza izinyathelo zokulawula ukungcoliswa kwezindawo zemvelo ngokuthuthwa kwamanzi, ukuthuthukiswa kwemithombo yamanzi.
- Ukuhlukaniswa kweziguli, ukuchithwa ngokugcwele kwempahla yabo nezinto zokuhlanzeka.
- Ukuphuza kuphela amakhemikhali aphezulu noma abhalwa ngamabhodlela, ubisi olungagciniwe.
- Ukuhlanza ngokuphelele izithelo, amajikijolo, imifino ngaphambi kokudla.
- Ukuvikelwa kwemikhiqizo kusuka ezinambuzaneni, amagundane.
- Ukuhambisana nokuhlanzeka komuntu siqu.
- Ukusika isitifiketi (imimese, dostochki) ngemikhiqizo eluhlaza futhi eqediwe kufanele ihlukaniswe.
- Ungathengi imikhiqizo ezindaweni zokuhweba okungagunyaziwe.
- Bathe kuphela ezindaweni ezivunyelwe, ungagcini amanzi ngesikhathi senqubo yamanzi.
Abantu abaxhumana neziguli ezinegciwane bangase babekwe imithi ye-interferon ne-immunoglobulin ekuvimbeleni ukutheleleka kwe-enterovirus.