Ukutshala amazambane, umhlaba uvame ukupheka ekuwa. Ikhululiwe ngokulima noma ukumba, bese kuthi umanyolo usungulwe emhlabathini ukuze athole isivuno esihle ngonyaka ozayo. Ngokuvamile, umquba uyasetshenziswa njengomanyolo wamazambane, okufaka isicelo sokwandisa isivuno salo mifino cishe cishe kabili. Kodwa-ke, kukhona uhlangothi olubi ekusetshenzisweni komquba - kungase kube nezifo ezinjengesiko noma umdlavuza wezambane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpungushe ze-beetle zingase zingeniswe emhlabathini ngomquba: zidla izigaxa zamazambane abasha. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa komanyolo ophilayo kule mifino akuyona into efiselekayo. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ungasebenzisa i-peat-manure compost noma usebenzise ukucwiliswa kwezinto ezintsha zezitshalo ze-clover, i-lupine, i-peas nezinye izitshalo emhlabathini.
Yimuphi umanyolo ongcono amazambane?
Ake sithole kangcono amazambane lapho ehlwanyela. Namuhla, izitolo zinekhethelo elikhulu ezihlukahlukene zemifuno esetshenziselwa amazambane uma utshala.
Ngokuvame ukwedlula ekwindla kunconywa ukuba wenze umanyolo obunzima wamaminerali amazambane, njenge nitroammophoska, nitrophoska noma ammophos. Zonke lezi zifaka umanyolo zisetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokumba umhlaba ekwindla; bafaka isandla ekutholeni isivuno esihle samazambane ngonyaka ozayo.
Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, futhi, ukukhishwa komhlaba ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokutshala kuyadingeka. Imifuno engcono kakhulu yamazambane ezethulwa ngesikhathi sokutshala yizinkuni umlotha, i-kemira, i-superphosphate ne-nitrophos. Futhi kuyaphumelela kakhulu ukwenza ukugqoka okuphezulu ngqo emigodini lapho utshala ngendlela yokwakha. Ama-horticulturists abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi indlela enjalo yokusebenzisa umanyolo kumazambane angabizi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nomanyolo oqinile uma ugoba inhlabathi. Umkhuba we-nitrosfos okhulayo ngamazambane yi-1 isipuni kahle.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamathambo amazambane kukhuthaza ukuphakama kwezinga eliphakeme, ukuthuthukiswa kwesimiso esihle sempande. Kodwa-ke, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi isidlo sesithambo senza kancane kancane futhi sizosondla lesi sitshalo phakathi nonyaka. Ukwengeza ukwandisa isivuno samazambane, ufulawa uzophinde uthuthukise izimfanelo zawo.
I-Superphosphate iyi-fertilizer elinganiselayo yonke yamazambane. Ikhiqizwa ngama-granules futhi iqukethe i-calcium, i-nitrogen nesulfure. Lo umanyolo usebenza kancane ngaphansi kohlobo lwe-powder. Ngenxa ye-superphosphate amazambane aqala uhlelo oluqinile lwezitshalo, landa ukwanda. Lo umanyolo usiza isitshalo sivuselele ngokushesha ngemuva kokulimala, siphuthumise ukukhula kwezilimo eziyizigaxa.
Olunye uhlobo lomanyolo wemvelo odumile phakathi kwabalimi beloli yi-wood ash. Ukwakhiwa kwalo kuhlanganisa i-magnesium, i-phosphorus ne-potassium, okudingekayo ukukhula okujwayelekile kwezilimo eziyizigaxa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuthi wokhuni uyakwazi ukuvikela izitshalo zamazambane ezivela ezinhlobonhlobo zezifo. Ungayenza ngezindlela ezimbili ngesikhathi. Umanyolo uthululwa emgodini ngesilinganiso sika 300 g ngayinye imitha yesikwele, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho i-tuber ngayinye iwela emlotha. Ukudla okunjalo kuzoba nethonya elihle kakhulu ekuvuneni kwamazambane, nangomuncu walo. Phakathi nesimo sezulu esimanzi, kungenzeka ukuthi ufafaze iziqongo zamazambane ngomlotha, okuzovikela amaqabunga ezitshalo ekubola.
I-Kemir amazambane nawo uyindlela ephumelelayo yokugqoka okuphezulu kwalesi sitshalo. Iqukethe konke okudingekayo kumazambane
Ukucubungula amazambane ngaphambi kokutshala
Indlela enhle yokugqugquzela ukwanda kokuqukethwe kwevithamini C kanye nesitashi kumazambane ukwelashwa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa ngesisombululo esikhethekile equkethe izakhi zomkhondo ezifana ne-boric acid, i-sulfuric acid ethusi kanye ne-manganese sulphate. Kuthatha amagremu angaba ngu-0.3-0.6 wezinto eziwodwa, bachitheka ilitha lamanzi. Kulesi sombululo, ungagcoba u-10 kg wezilimo eziyizigaxa zamazambane, bese uzigcina zimbozwe indwangu yesaka amahora angu-2-3, emva kwalokho izilimo eziyizigaxa zezambatho zilungele ukutshala.