I-urethra ukuqhubeka kwesisu. Kusemkhakheni wokuguquka kwe-bubble ku-urethra ukuthi umgodi wangaphakathi we-urethra ukhona. Lesi sakhiwo siphela ngokuvula kwangaphandle kwe-urethra, eseduze nomnyango wesifazane.
Anatomy of the urethra
Kwabesifazane, isakhiwo se-urethra sibonakala ngokuhlukana okuvela emlonyeni wesilisa. I-urethra yesifazane ingafaniswa nethubhu elifushane. Kuyaziwa ukuthi lesi sitho sincane kakhulu futhi sikhulu ngobubanzi kunamadoda.
I-urethra ivalwe kancane kancane. Ngakho-ke, kukhona ukuxhumana okuseduze nodonga lwangaphakathi lwesifazane. Kungenxa yezici ezinjalo zesakhiwo se-female urethra ezinezifo ezivuthayo zesisu ukuthi izifo ezidinga ukushayela zivame ukukhula. Futhi, ngokuphambene nalokho, ngokuvuvukala ku-urethra, kukhona ukuzwa okubuhlungu nokubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokusondelana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-agent causative yokutheleleka ingadlula kusuka ku-vagin kuya ku-urethra.
Udonga lwe-urethra lwakhiwa yizigaba ezilandelayo:
- I-membrane e-mucous, eyenza amafolda futhi kuyo i-glands.
- I-ambulance ye-muscular ibunjwa yizicucu zemisipha yomzimba. Isiqondiso esiyindilinga sezingcingo esifundeni sokuvulwa kwangaphakathi senza i-sphincter engabonakaliyo ye-urethra, nasesayithini se-urethra ngokusebenzisa imisipha ye-pelvic phansi amafomu we-sphincter.
Imisebenzi ye-urethra incane. Umsebenzi oyinhloko kanye nomsebenzi kuphela we-urethra yi-excretion yomchamo emzimbeni.
Izifo kanye nezimo ze-pathological of the urethra
Kwabesifazane, zonke izifo ze-urethra zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu alandelayo:
- Izifo ezivuthayo.
- Ukukhubazeka okubangelwa yi-congenital esakhiweni se-urethra.
- Ukuphazamiseka okusebenzayo komthetho we-neuromuscular.
- Ukugqama kwesigwebo .
- I-neoplasms ye-Benign (leli qembu lihlanganisa ama-cysts e-paraurethral, ama-polyps).
- I-Cancer.
Ukuvuvukala kwendwangu yamangcwaba kubizwa ngokuthi i-urethritis. Isizathu salesi simo yi-pathogenic microorganisms ezifaka i-urethra. Izimpawu zingase zihluke kuye ngomsebenzi wenqubo yokwelapha. Ubuciko obukhulu kakhulu ubuhlungu, ukuzwa okuvuthayo nokuvuthwa njalo.
Ngomdlavuza, ngaphezu kokucindezeleka okubukhali kanye nezimo ze-dysuric, ziphuma e-urethra.
Ukulimala kwamaparathuluzi we-sphincter we-urethra nokuphulwa komthetho we-neuromuscular kuholele ekuthuthukiseni ukungahambisani nomzimba.
Ama-anomalies we-urethra awavamile. Kodwa nokho kubalulekile ukukhumbula ngokuphila kwabo okukhona. Zihlanganisa:
- izingxenye zokubeletha ezitholakala ku-lumen ye-urethra;
- ukutheleleka kokubeletha kwe-urethra (isimo sidinga ukuhlinzwa ezinsukwini zokuqala emva kokuzalwa);
- izindawo zokuzalwa ezincane zokunciphisa i-urethra;
- ukuphindaphinda kabili i-urethra;
- i-diverticulum ;
- i-cyst ye-urethra.
Ngokuhlukile, kufanelekile ukuphawula ukuthi izinguquko ezenzeka nge-urethra kwabesifazane zivamile. Lapho esemncane, i-urethra ibanzi (cishe ngo-3 cm), kodwa njengoba ikhula, ububanzi besikhanya sayo buyancipha kuya ku-1 cm. Ukwakhiwa kwe-sphincters kuphela kuphela eminyakeni engu-12 kuphela. Izici ezihlobene nobudala be-urethra zihlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa okuphambene nendawo kanye ne-atrophy yezingqungquthela ze-paraurethral. Lezi zinhlayiya ziyakwazi ukufihla izinto ezivikela i-urethra ekungeneni kwama-microorganisms.