I-hepatomegaly yesibindi yanda ngokwanda kwalesi sitho, ehlotshaniswa nezinqubo ezihlukahlukene ze-pathological. Ubukhulu besibindi bunqunywa nge-tomography ehlanganisiwe, ukuxilongwa kwe-ultrasound, i-palpation.
Ngokuvamile, isibindi sinesithambile, sinobuhlungu obungaphathwa ngaphansi kwe-arch ebiza izindleko. Isibindi esithintekile sibonakala ngokuqina, ukuvuvukala kwezicubu, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo zesisu, ukuqoqwa kwezidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene emangqamuzaneni awo. I-hepatomegaly encane ingavela ngemikhuhlane, ukuphazamiseka kokudla, kodwa lokhu akudingi ukwelashwa.
Izimbangela ze-hepatomegaly
I-hepatomegaly ayiyona isifo esiyingqayizivele, kodwa isifo esihamba cishe kuzo zonke izifo zesibindi, kanye nokugula kwezinye izitho nezinhlelo. Izimbangela zalesi sifo zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amathathu.
Izifo zesibindi
Izifo zesibindi, kanye nokutheleleka okungapheli nokudakwa, ekutheni i-neutralization ingabandakanyeka:
- i-hepatitis;
- i-fibrosis;
- i-cirrhosis ;
- i-hepatosis;
- i-echinococcosis;
- isifo sesibindi se-polycystic;
- i-carcinoma eyinhloko yesibindi;
- ukuguqulwa kwezicubu ezimbi zezinye izitho esibindi;
- i-leukemia;
- i-adenoma yesibindi;
- izifo ezingamagciwane ezingapheli, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye nezifo ezithathelwanayo;
- ukudakwa (imithi, utshwala) njll.
Izifo zesibindi zibonakala umonakalo wamaseli awo, ngenxa yalokho ukuvuvukala kwezicubu kwenzeka noma inqubo yokuvuselelwa iqalwa. Esikhathini sesibili, ukwakheka kwezicubu ezintsha ezixhunyiwe kubonakala, umthamo wesibindi ukwanda, isitho sithola ifomu le-knobby.
I-endocrine pathologies
Izinkinga zametabolic:
- i-fatty hepatosis;
- amyloidosis;
- i-hemochromatosis;
- ukuguqulwa kwe-hepatolenticular;
- Isifo se-Gaucher.
Ezinye zalezi zifo zitholakala ngokofuzo futhi zizimele ngokuphila komuntu. Ezinye zingabangelwa izici ezifana nokukhuluphala, ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala, ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa isikhathi eside, njll.
Ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwamagciwane kwesibindi, imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yemithi iqoqa, okuholela ekuguqulweni kwesakhiwo sayo kanye nomthamo.
Izifo zesimiso senhliziyo
Izifo zemithambo yegazi nenhliziyo:
- ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo ngokukhululekile ;
- Isifo se-Badda-Chiari;
- i-pericarditis eqinisayo;
- ukunqotshwa kwe-tricuspid inhliziyo valve, njll.
Lezi zifo ziholela ekujuleni kwegazi, ukwehla kokungenwa kwe-oxygen futhi, ngenxa yalokho, i-edema yezinhlaka ezihlukahlukene. Isibindi sinenkinga enkulu kulokhu, ngenxa yokuvuvukala nokubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana awo - i-hepatocytes - ngenxa ye-edema. Izicubu zesibindi zithathelwa kancane kancane izicubu ezihlangene, okuholela ekukhuleni kwayo.
Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-hepatomegaly
Ezimweni eziningi, nge-hepatomegaly, kunezinkinga zokudonsa isisu: ukushaya isisu, isisindo sokushukela, izinguquko zesibalo, ukuphefumula okubi. Iziguli zivame ukuzwa ukuthi isibindi esandisiwe sibe "inhlama eqinile". Ku-pathology kungase kubonise izimpawu zesibindi esithile: isikhumba se-jaundice nesikhumba, ukuchithwa kwamangqamuzana nezikhumba, izimpukane ze-petechial ("amahlumela esibindi").
Ukwelashwa kwesibindi i-hepatomegaly
Lapho kutholakala i-hepatomegaly, izifundo eziningi ze-laboratory nezinsimbi zinikezwa ukunquma imbangela yalesi sifo. Idatha ethembekile kunazo zonke ivumela ukuthola i-laparoscopy yokuhlonza nge-biopsy ucingo.
Ukwelashwa kuncike imbangela yalesi simo. Uma kunokwenzeka, ukwelashwa okuqaphayo noma okuhlinzekwayo kwesifo esiyisisekelo kwenziwa. Njengomthetho, i-hepatoprotectors, i-diuretics, amavithamini, ama-agent asekela i-osmotic
Uma kungenjalo, ukwelashwa okuphawulekayo nokwenza kahle kunqunywe, inhloso yalokho ukuphumula okwesikhashana, ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi yokuphila nokukhuliswa kwayo.
Okubaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni kwesibindi i-hepatomegaly ukudla okuhlose ukunciphisa umthwalo emzimbeni, ukugcina imisebenzi yayo eyisisekelo. Isisekelo sokudla sinciphisa ukudla kwama-carbohydrate namafutha. Uma i-hepatomegaly ibangelwa ukukhubazeka komzimba, ukudla okungafakwa ngaphandle kokudla akukwazi ukugonywa kahle umzimba.