Ama-calcium ions abaluleke kakhulu ekuzibophezelweni kwezinqubo ezenzeka ebusweni be-cell membrane ngezinqubo ze-intracellular. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa iziteshi ze-ion, lapho izinhlobo ezithile zama-molecule zeprotheni zivula indlela ye-calcium ions.
Indawo nendima yeziteshi ze-ion
Lezi ziteshi, nazo, zihlukaniswe zibe izinhlobo ezintathu:
- i-cytoplasmic;
- sakrolemalnye;
- intracellular.
Iningi lamashaneli e-calcium lisezinhlungwini zenhliziyo, kanti okusele kusezicubu ze-muscle ze-bronchi, isibeletho, umzila wamathunjini, i-urinary tract and platelet.
Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, i-calcium ions ithinta izinqubo zemithi emzimbeni, okwenza:
- ukwanda kwesidingo se-oxygen;
- isisindo se-muscle esebenzayo;
- ukukhuphuka okukhulu.
Ukunciphisa lo msebenzi emithi, izidakamizwa eziseqembu lama-blockers wesiteshi se-calcium (BCC) noma njengoba kuthiwa zibizwa ngokuthi i-slow calcium channel blockers.
Izinkomba zokusebenzisa kanye nomphumela wokwelapha we-BPC
Amalungiselelo omuthi we-calcium channel blockers anqunywe phambi kwezifo ezilandelayo:
- i-hypertension;
- angina pectoris ;
- ukungakwazi ukusebenza komzimba;
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-angina ne-bradycardia;
- i-tachycardia;
- inhliziyo isigqi disorder;
- ukuphazamiseka kokusakaza kwe-cerebral;
- ukunqotshwa kwenhliziyo ye-etiology engacacisiwe;
- I-Raynaud's syndrome .
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-BPC ingahle isetshenziswe izifo zesimiso sezinzwa, izifo ezithathelwanayo, i-bronchospasm nezinye izifo ezithintekayo (isifo se-Alzheimer, ukugula komzimba, ukuphuza utshwala).
Indlela yokusebenza kwe-calcium channel blockers emzimbeni kubangela:
- kunciphise ithoni ye-muscle ebushelelezi;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwegazi;
- ukwehlisa inhliziyo kwenhliziyo;
- umphumela we-diuretic;
- ukwehla ngesivinini sezimfutho;
- ukwehla ezingeni le-platelet aggregation kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokubunjwa kwegazi.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwemikhiqizo yokwelapha
Ama-blockers wesiteshi se-Calcium anesigaba esithile futhi ahlukaniswe:
- Izidakamizwa ze-dihydropyridine. Lezi zidakamizwa zisekelwe ku-nifepidine. Sinomphumela owandayo ezitsheni zobuchopho (Corinfar, Ardalat, Cordaflex, Lomir, Plendil, njll).
- Izidakamizwa zePhenylalkylamine. Iqembu le-verapamil. Zithinta ikakhulukazi imisipha yenhliziyo, ukunciphisa isivumelwano sayo. Umphumela ezitsheni unamandla (Isoptin, Prokorum, Finoptin).
- Ama-derivatives e-Benzothiazinine. I-diltiazem yeqembu. Umphumela walezidakamizwa uphansi kunalokho weqembu lokuqala, kodwa usatshalaliswa ngokufanayo kuzo zombili izinhliziyo nezitsha (Dilsem, Cardil).
- Izidakamizwa ze-diphenylpyrazine. Iqembu le-cinnarizine. Ngokuvamile, la maCCB anqunywe izilonda zemikhumbi yobuchopho (Stugeron, Nomigrain).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke ama-blockers weziteshi ze-calcium ezincane zihlukaniswe isizukulwane sokuqala nesesibili, futhi ama-dihydropyridine amalungiselelo anesithathu. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezizukulwane ukuthuthukiswa kwezakhiwo zokwelapha nokunciphisa imiphumela engathandeki emva kokuthatha lesi sidakamizwa. Futhi, izidakamizwa zezizukulwane zesithathu neziyesithathu zinciphisa umthamo wansuku zonke, futhi zidinga ukusetshenziswa kuphela izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngosuku. Kwabalandeli beziteshi ze-calcium zesizukulwane sesithathu yizidakamizwa ezinje njenge-Amlodipine, i-Latsidipin, i-Nimodipine.
Ukusetshenziswa nokuphikisana
Ukwamukela iBPC kungenzeka kuphela emva kokubonisana okuningiliziwe ne
Isidakamizwa ngasinye sinokuphikisana kwayo okucacile, kodwa ngokujwayelekile, akukhuthazwa ukusetshenziswa uma:
- ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo;
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
- ukukhulelwa, ngesikhathi sokudla;
- ubuntwana;
- ukubekezelelana ngabanye;
- isifo senhliziyo ezinenkinga ezinso kanye nesibindi.