I-osteoporosis ibhekwa njengenye yezifo ezivame kakhulu zesimiso se-musculoskeletal. Futhi ngokufanele, ngaphezu kwezinqubo zokwelapha, ochwepheshe bayo kufanele bacabange ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokwanele. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisiwe, ama-bisphosphonates okwelashwa ngokweqile kwe-osteoporosis afanelekile futhi kungenzeka. Leli qembu lemithi laziwa ngokuba yimithi kusukela phakathi nekhulu le-XIX, kodwa kwakungenzeka ukuthola ukusabalalisa kabanzi maduzane.
Imithi-bisphosphonates
Izakhi ezithile ze-bisphosphonates sekuyisikhathi eside zisetshenziselwa ukuvikela ukubola. Babevame ukusetshenziswa embonini yamafutha nama-textile. Namhlanje ama-bisphosphonates akwazi ukusekela izidakamizwa. Ziyi-salts ye-phosphorus, eyasiza ekubunjweni kwamathambo okuqala nokuvimbela ukubhujiswa kwayo. Lokhu kungukuthi, lezi zidakamizwa kubonakala sengathi zenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukwelashwa kwe-osteoporosis.
Ngaphezu kokuqiniswa, ama-bisphosphonates akhiqiza umphumela wokuzibulala futhi wokuphikisa. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukwelashwa kwe-bisphosphonate kusetshenziselwa ukuhlukumeza kanye ne-hyperparathyroidism eyinhloko. Futhi ikhono lokusebenza kumangqamuzana angamahloni kwenza kube lula ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ku-oncology, kuhambisana nokudambisa kwamandla amathambo.
Iziphi izidakamizwa zesiphithiphoni ezisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwemithi?
Zonke ama-bisphosphonates angahlukaniswa ngokomzimba ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu:
- equkethe ekwakheni i-nitrogen;
- mahhala kusuka ku-nitrogen.
Uhlu lwemithi ethandwa kakhulu lubukeka kanje:
- I-Bondronate inqunyelwe kokubili ukwelashwa nokuvimbela ukuphefumula kwamathambo. Ngokungafani nezinye izidakamizwa ezifanayo, i-Bondronate ingathathwa ngisho nabesifazane abaphethe ukwelashwa kwe-hormone ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Kwezinye izimo, imithi inikezwa iziguli ezine- hypercalcemia .
- I- sosiysi ye-Bisphosphonate Ethidronate inqunywe ukuphefumula kwe-osteoporosis futhi iye yafakazela ekunakekeleni izifo eziye zavela ngemuva kwe-oncology.
- I-clodronic acid isetshenziselwa ukubhubhisa ama-macrophage ngokukhetha. Lesi sidakamizwa siphendula kahle.
- Imithi I- Tiludronate inqunyelwe iziguli ezinamathambo athambile kakhulu ukubuyisela ubungane babo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
- I-Risedronate ivimbela ukuqhuma komgogodla nomsila wezinsikazi - ukulimala okuvame kakhulu okwenzeka kubesifazane be-postmenopausal.
Izici zokwelashwa kwe-bisphosphonate
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi amathambo okuqinisa akuyona inqubo esheshayo. Futhi nakuba ama-bisphosphonates enza ngokushesha, akakwazanga ukuxazulula le nkinga izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngakho-ke, ukuqala ukwelashwa, isiguli sidinga ukuzilungiselela ukuthi inkambo engcono izohlala ngonyaka. Ngokuvamile ama-bisphosphonates athatha iminyaka embalwa. Kodwa imiphumela yalokhu ukwelashwa ihlaba umxhwele ngobuhle babo.
Lena yimithi enamandla kakhulu. Wonke amalungiselelo aqukethe ama-bisphosphonates awaqedi kahle emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke,
- Kungcono ukuphuza i-bisphosphonates ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho okungenani ihora nesigamu ngaphambi kokudla.
- Kunconywa ukuphuza ithebhulethi ngamaningi amanzi. Sebenzisa noma yiluphi olunye uketshezi (itiye, ijusi, ubisi) akuyona into engathandeki kakhulu.
- Kuthebhulethi kwakulula ukufika lapho uya khona, ngemva kokuthatha okungcono ihora noma isigamu ukuhlala noma ukuma.
Ukulungiswa okufanele kakhulu kanye nomthamo wayo kufanele kukhethwe ngumchwepheshe ngemuva kokuhlolwa kokuqala okuphelele.