I-Madagascar ibambe izici zamasiko amaningana omhlaba, ngokuyinhloko, i-Austronesian kanye nesiko lamazwe aseBantu. Lapha ungabona inhlanganisela yamasiko namasiko abantu baseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, e-Afrika naseYurophu. Lokhu kungenxa yomlando waseMadagascar.
Kusukela ngekhulu le-10, leli zwe liye lalingelwa ithonya lama-Arabhu, amasiko wamaSulumane asakaze kabanzi lapha, nakuba amaSulumane aphelele ayengathathi izimpande. Kusukela ngekhulu le-XVI, indima enkulu ekwakheni isiko saseMadagascar idlalwe ngabaseYurophu, ikakhulukazi isiFulentshi, okwakuyisikhathi eside esiqhingi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokudeleka okuvela kuleli zwekazi, abantu baseMalagasy bakwazi ukugcina izici zenkambiso yabo, amasiko, amasiko namasiko abo ahlukile, adluliselwe emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka ngokulandelana.
Amasiko wesintu ebuciko
Imikhuba yezandla nemisebenzi yezandla eMadagascar ziwubufakazi obucacile bokuthi bangubani abantu bendawo. Umculo kazwelonke uyinhlanganisela yamazwi ase-Arabhu, ase-Afrika naseYurophu. Isi-Malagasy nokuphila kwansuku zonke thola indawo yokudlala izinsimbi zomculo, izingoma zomdanso nemidanso. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, siyaqaphela ukuthi, kuye ngesifundazwe, isitayela sokucula kanye nezinsimbi ezisetshenziswayo ziyahlukahluka.
Kuzobuciko i-woodcarving ejwayelekile kakhulu. Ungabona izibalo eziningi, izibalo nemifanekiso emashalofini ezitolo zokukhumbula . Bayajabula futhi ukuthungatha, amaqabunga ama-weave, izigqoko, ukwenza izinto zokupheka zokhuni, amathoyizi, ukugcoba kusuka kusilika, i-embroider, ukukhiqiza izinto zegolide nezesiliva ngamatshe ayigugu futhi amancane. Ukugqoka akuzange kulahlekelwe ukubaluleka kwayo ngenxa yokuthi amaMalagasy asagqoka izingubo zawo zendabuko (kuthiwa "i-lamas") ngamaphethini amathrekhi neminye ehlukahlukene. Kusukela emafabeni esihlahla somuthi we-rafia, izindwangu zokuhlobisa zenziwe - izigqila ezinamaphethini aqhakazile, okukhumbuza isikhumba senyoka.
Abantu baseMadagascar namasiko enkolo
Phakathi kwezizwe eziningi ezihlukahlukene ezihlala esiqhingini, iningi liyiMalagasy, lifana nama-Arabhu, amaPheresiya, ama-Afrika kanye namaJapane. Izizwe zihlukaniswe zabazintaba kanye nalabo abahlala eduze nogu. Phakathi kwabokufika bangatholakala amaNdiya, amaPakistan, ama-Arabhu, amaFrench, amaShayina.
Abaningi bezakhamuzi zendawo bahambisana nemikhuba yasendulo futhi bathi inkolo yabokhokho babo, okungukuthi. ukhulekela okhokho oshonile. Phakathi kwamaMalagasy, ingxenye engaba ingxenye yamaKristu angamahlelo ahlukene, ikakhulukazi amaProthestani, nakuba eminyakeni yamuva, amaKristu angama-Orthodox aye ahlangane. Amaphesenti angu-7 abantu bendawo bangamaBuddha namaSulumane.
Amasiko okuxhumana kanye nemithetho yokuziphatha ezindaweni zomphakathi
Ulimi oluyinhloko lwabakhileyo esiqhingini saseMadagascar yi-Malagasy, lungomndeni wolimi lwase-Austronesi futhi lufana nezilimi zase-Indonesia naseMalaysia. Eminyakeni yamuva, ngokuphathelene nokuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi lezokuvakasha kanye nensizakalo ezweni, abasebenzi bezindawo zendawo baqala ukutadisha ngokujulile isiNgisi nesiFulentshi.
Kuzo zonke izindawo zokuphila kwansuku zonke eMadagascar kunamasiko amaningana namasiko abavakashi okufanele bazi futhi benze. Nakhu okubaluleke kakhulu kubo:
- Ezindaweni ezingcwele nase-necropolises kuyisiko ukwenza iminikelo. Ngokuvame ukuletha ukudla. Imali ayikho into engeke ishiywe.
- Ezindaweni zokukhulekela zenkolo, kufanelekile ukuziphatha ngokuzivimbela, ukugqoka izingubo ezifanele, ukuhlonipha isimo esizungezile kanye nezikhumbuzo zobuciko. Kuzo zonke izindawo ezingcwele akufanele ubheme, ulethe nawe udle ingulube.
- Uma umenyelwe emcimbini wenkolo, ungabe wenqaba nganoma iyiphi indlela, kuba udumo olukhulu emasikweni lapha.
- Ezindaweni zokugcina, imithetho eqinile yokulondolozwa kwemvelo iyasetshenziswa, ngakho awukwazi ukulimaza izihlahla, ukudiliza izimbali, izinhlanzi, ukuzingela ngisho nokudla izilwane. Uma kukhona ukungabaza, yini engakwazi futhi engenzeki, qiniseka ukuthi uxhumane nomhlahlandlela. Uma uzwa igama elithi "fadi" kunoma yisiphi isimo, kusho ukuvinjelwa.
- Ngenxa yokusakazeka kwezenkolo zokhokho esiqhingini, abantu baseMalagasy banakekela nezilwane, becabanga ukuthi umphefumulo womuntu oshonile ungadlulela kwesinye isilwane. Abameleli abahlonishwa kakhulu yi-zebu, izingwenya, ama-lemurs nama-chameleon. Ngenxa yokubangela ukulimala, lo mlandu usongelwa ngesijeziso esibi.
- Qaphela lapho ushayela, ngoba eMadagascar ayikho imiqondo "efanele" futhi "kwesokunxele". Izakhamuzi zendawo zisebenzisa izinkomba zendawo kuphela - "eningizimu", "enyakatho-ntshonalanga", njll.
- Abantu baseMalagasy kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile ukubingelela umuntu ongamazi emgwaqweni. Lokhu kubonakala kaningi kulabo asebekhulile.
- Uma ubhekisela kumuntu lapha kuyisiko ukumbiza ngokuthi isikhundla, hhayi ngegama.
- Ngesikhathi sezingxoxo, izimpendulo ezihlelekile futhi ezingenakuqhathaniswa ngomoya we "yebo" no "cha" azamukelekile.
- Ukuphila esiqhingini bekulokhu kulinganiselwe, abantu basekhaya abaphuthumayo, isondlo esincane kakhulu, isenzo sokulibazisa noma sekwephuzile emhlanganweni - eMadagascar isenzakalo esingenabungozi.
- Akunakwenzeka ukuthi kufanele uthathe izithombe zezamasosha nezamaphoyisa, kanye namaphoyisa kanye nabasebenzi ngendlela efanayo, ukuze bagweme imiphumela embi.
- Enye yezindinganiso ezisemqoka zomndeni kubantu baseMalagasy yizingane, imindeni yabo inamandla kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile inabantwana abaningi. Abantu bendawo banobungane futhi banomusa. Ukuze uvakashele ngezandla ezingenalutho kuwuphawu lokunambitheka okubi. Izivakashi zivame ukuletha isipho kubanikazi bendawo, ugwayi noma utshwala. Isipho esibaluleke kunazo zonke yi-banana noma i-ringer rum.
Isimo sengqondo sabesifazane
Ekuqaleni kwensimu yaseMadagascar yayibusa. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, lapha isimo sengqondo sokuthi owesifazane uhlonipha kakhulu, uthathwa njengelingana emalungelweni akhe kumuntu. Kodwa emibonweni yezocansi ezenzakalelayo ngesikhathi uhambo oluya esiqhingini, uma kungenzeka, ungahlali wodwa, ukuze ungadonseli ukunakekelwa okungadingekile kubantu besendaweni.
Izingubo
Kunconywa ukuthi ugqoke izingubo ezivaliwe nezicathulo ezimboza izandla zakho nezinyawo, kanye nesikhwama sekhanda. Susa ama-t-shirts avulekile, ama-shorts kanye nezingubo zokuzivikela. Ezindaweni ezingcwele abesifazane besibhuluke abakwazi ukuphuthelwa, qaphela. Futhi kuyafaneleka ukuba uhlale uphatha i-flashlight (emazweni ashisayo ngokushesha futhi uqala ngokushesha ukukhanya), izimali ezivela emanzini nezinye izinambuzane.
Amaholide amakhulu esiqhingini saseMadagascar
Kunezikhathi eziningana zamaholidi kazwelonke esiqhingini, kuhlanganise noNyaka Omusha (lapha ubizwa ngokuthi i-Alahamandi futhi ugubha ngoMashi), Usuku Lokuvukela, Usuku Lwebunye Lama-Afrika, I-Republic Day nabanye. Amaholide amaKristu nawo agubha kakhulu, ikakhulukazi i-Easter noKhisimusi. Kukhona nemikhosi yemidabu yendabuko yaseDonia neMadajazzar, eyaziwa ngaphesheya kweMadagascar. NgoJuni, isiko lokuhlanza uFisman senziwa. Abafana kukhona umkhosi wokusoka - i-Famoran. Kodwa, ngokungangabazeki, okubaluleke kakhulu esiqhingini yiFamadihana - umkhosi wokuhlonipha abafileyo, ophakathi kukaJuni noSeptemba.