Izintaba zaseMadagascar

I-Madagascar ingenye yeziqhingi ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Abanye ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi esikhathini esidlule lawo mazwe ayengxenye yezwe. Ingxenye ephakathi kwesiqhingi, ephethe ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu yendawo yonke, intaba. Izintaba zaseMadagascar zakhiwe ngenxa yokunyakaza okuqhubekayo emhlabathini, futhi zakhiwa ngamadwala e-crystalline ne-metamorphic: ama-shales, ama-gneisses, ama-granite. Lokhu kungenxa yobukhona ezindaweni zendawo zamaminerali amaningi: i-mica, i-graphite, ihola, i-nickel, i-chromium. Lapha ungathola ngisho negolide namatshe amancane: amethysts, tourmaline, emerald, njll.

Izintaba nezintaba-mlilo zaseMadagascar

Ukunyakaza kwe-tectonic kuphule yonke i-Plateau ephezulu ezindaweni eziningana zezintaba. Namuhla izintaba zaseMadagascar zinesithakazelo esikhulu kubalandeli bezintaba:

  1. E-Central Highlands yizintaba ze- Ankaratra , indawo ephakeme kunazo zonke ezisezingeni eliphezulu elingama-2643 m.
  2. I-granite massif i- Andringretra itholakala kwelinye lamapaki kazwelonke aseMadagascar . Iphuzu eliphakeme kakhulu - ukuphakama kukaBobby - kwagijimela endaweni engamamitha angu-3658 m. Izintaba zihlala endaweni ezinzile futhi ziqukethe amatshe amaningi nezintaba, kuneziqhumane ze-volcanic. Nansi iNtaba ebizwa ngokuthi i-Big Hat, uhlobo lokuqala olukhumbuza ngempela lesi sihloko.
  3. Enye indawo ezithakazelisayo zezivakashi eMadagascar yizintaba zaseFrance . Zitholakala engxenyeni esempumalanga yesiqhingi, eduze kwedolobha lase-Antsiranana (Diego-Suarez). Lezi zintaba zihlanganisa amatshe, i-sandstone nama-canyon. Elula ngaphezu kuka-2400 km, ububanzi bentaba buhlanganiswe namahlathi aminyene anezitshalo ezihlukahlukene, lapho izilwane ezihlukahlukene kakhulu zihlala khona. Lokhu kufakazwe isimo sezulu esishisayo sendawo. Isibonelo, kuphela kulezi zintaba eMadagascar zingatholakala ezingaphezu kweziyishumi ezihlukahlukene ze-baobabs.

Abavakashi abaningi abahlela ukuvakashela lesi siqhingi banesithakazelo embuzweni wokuthi kunezintaba-mlilo ezinamandla eMadagascar. Izakhamuzi zendawo zithi manje wonke amaphoyinti aphezulu kakhulu esiqhingini yizinhlangano zezintaba, ezazisekude kakhulu kwakuyizintaba-mlilo.

Ephakeme kunazo zonke "ezinqenqemeni" zokulala ezinjalo yi-Marumukutra yase-volcano esiqhingini saseMadagascar. Igama layo lihumusha ngokuthi "i-grove yezihlahla zezithelo." Ukuphakama kwentaba ephakeme kunazo zonke yaseMadagascar, ephakathi kwezintaba zeTsaratanan - ezingaphezu kuka-2800 m. Ngabe bekuyi-volcano esebenzayo, kodwa manje isiphelile futhi ayibeki ingozi kubavakashi abaza lapha ukuze bahloniphe imvelo.