Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezihlukahlukene zokucwaninga komzimba ukuze kutholakale izifo. Phakathi kwabo, i-CT angiography, enikeza isithombe esiphelele sezitsha endaweni yokuhlolwa yokuxilongwa okunembile nokukhetha izindlela zokwelashwa okuqhubekayo. Ngokungafani ne-angiography elula, le nqubo ayibuhlungu futhi ayinandaba.
I-Angiography - izinkomba
I-computer ye-tomography i-angiography yenziwa ngezimo ezihlukahlukene. Ngenxa yokusebenzisa le ndlela yesimanje, kungenzeka ukunciphisa kakhulu ukuxhumana komguli nge-X ray ray irradiation, eyasetshenziswa kabanzi eminyakeni edlule ngenhloso efanayo. Lolu hlobo lokuxilongwa lwenza kube lula ukubona isithombe esiphelele sezitsha, imifino kanye namaphilisi e-organ, isimo sabo, ubuqotho, ukujikeleza kwegazi nokuhlola ezinye izindlela ezibalulekile. Uhlu lwezinkomba ze-CT-angiography:
- ama-aneurysms (ukuhlanjululwa) kanye nesimo (stingosis) ye-arteries;
- Amacici egazi emithanjeni yegazi;
- ukunciphisa nokuvimba ukugeleza kwegazi;
- ukungavamile ekuthuthukiseni imikhumbi yegazi;
- i-thrombosis yemithanjeni emilenzeni;
- okungavamile ohlelweni lymphatic.
Ukusebenzisa i-agent ehlukile efaka inethiwekhi enobungozi, kuzobonakala kukhompyutha kuqaphele ukuthi isakazwa kanjani kusayithi elihloliwe. Noma yikuphi ukwephulwa nokuphulwa kungacatshangwa ngokunemba okukhulu ngakho-ke le ndlela ifundisa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezibucayi. Le nqubo ihlala cishe ngomzuzu futhi yenziwa ngesineke, ngoba ayibuhlungu. Okusho ukuthi, ngemva kwalokho isiguli asibhedlela, kodwa siya ekhaya.
I-CT engiography yemikhumbi ye-cerebral
Ukuphila komzimba womuntu kuhlanganiswa isikhungo esisodwa - ubuchopho. Njengezinye izindawo, kunezinkinga eziningi nemivamisa okufanele isebenze ndawonye. Noma yikuphi ukuphulwa emisebenzini yabo kuholela emiphumeleni eyingozi. Ukuthola imbangela yalesi sifo, isiguli siqondiswa yi-angiography yobuchopho, okunikeza ithuba lokuthola ngokunembile imbangela yalesi sifo nokunikeza ukwelashwa okufanele, futhi kwezinye izimo ukusiza ekusebenzeni. Udokotela uzophakamisa le nqubo ngezimpawu ezinjalo:
- ikhanda elibi kakhulu (i- migraine ) nesizungu;
- ukuhlukunyezwa okuphazamiseka okufayo;
- ukulahlekelwa kokuhlanganiswa kwezinyathelo;
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu nokukhala ezindlebeni;
- Umbono oguquguqukayo nokuphindaphindiwe kwezinto;
- i-amnesia (ukulahlekelwa kwenkumbulo);
- inkulumo engaqondakali.
Izinkomba eziqondile zohlolo luzoba:
- ukushaywa;
- isisu sobuchopho;
- ukuphuma kwegazi;
- ukuhlukunyezwa kwekhanda;
- izinqubo zokuvuvukala ebuchosheni (meningitis, encephalitis);
- i-thrombosis kanye nokunciphisa imishanguzo yobuchopho.
I-CT engiography yemishini yentamo
Ukusebenzisana ngokuqondile nobuchopho kunezitsha zentanyeni, ezibhekene nokuphuma nokuphuma kwegazi. Ukunquma imbangela yempilo engafanele, imidwebo yezingubo zezintambo noma i-CT engiography ye-artery brachiocephalic ingahle ibekwe njengokuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwalezi zifunda ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kwenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo:
- umsindo nokukhala ezindlebeni;
- ubuthakathaka;
- ukugwinya kwamalungu;
- ukuzondwa nokukhanda;
- ukungeneli okwanele kulokho okwenzekayo;
- izinkinga ngokuzumayo ngenkulumo.
I-CT engiography yenziwa ngezifo ezinjalo ezitholakale zikhona ukuze zicacise ukuxilongwa nokukhetha izindlela zokwelapha:
- ukunciphisa nokuvinjelwa kwezikebhe zomlomo wesibeletho;
- i-thrombosis ye-arteries kanye ne-veins;
- ukuvuvukala entanyeni;
- ukuhlukumezeka entanyeni nomonakalo ku-vasculature;
- ukwanda emkhakheni we-artery carotid;
- i-kinking-syndrome (imithwalo yegazi ene-convoluted).
I-CT engiography yezimpahla zemikhawulo engezansi
Ukubona ngeso lengqondo uhlelo lokujikeleza lapho kutholakala lesi sifo, i-CT engiography yemikhawulo engezansi yayisenziwa ngokuqhubekayo. Le nqubo inikeza ithuba ezinyathelweni zokuqala ukuthola izifo ngokucwaninga ngokujulile kwe-2D ne-3D izithombe ezithathwe isithwebuli. Nazi ezinye izinkinga ezingaba yinkomba ngenhloso yalolu cwaningo:
- isifo se-varicose leg leg;
- i-thrombophlebitis yemikhumbi;
- i-thromboembolism ye-arterium;
- izitsha ezakhiwe ngokungalungile.
Uma isiguli sinempawu, khona-ke ngokusho kwezinkomba, i-CT angiography yenziwa:
- ubuhlungu emilenzeni ekuphumuleni;
- i-syndrome yokuchasana okuphakathi;
- ukuvuvukala kwemilenze;
- izilonda emlenzeni ophansi.
I-CT engiography yesigxobo esiswini
Ukuze kutholakale izifo ze-vascular emzimbeni wesisu kanye ne-thrombosis ye-artery enkulu, ukuletha igazi emzimbeni wonke, i-CT engiography ye-aorta yenziwa ngokusebenzisa into ehlukile ye-iodine. Ngemuva kwenqubo, okuthiwa ukwakhelwa kwenziwa kumqapha wekhompyutheni, okwenziwe ngendlela evumelanayo yenza kube lula ukubona inethiwekhi yonke yegazi ye-peritoneum. Ngenkambiso kunezinkomba ezinjalo:
- ubuhlungu obuningi esifubeni;
- izikhumba ezithinta i-aorta nezinye izitsha;
- ukukhipha isisu kwesisu esiswini;
- isifo se-artery peripheral;
- ukuhlukumezeka ku-aorta.
I-CT engiography yemikhumbi yenhliziyo
I-cardiology yayisilokhu igatsha eliyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, elinzima - akulula kakhulu ukuphatha "imoto" yomuntu ohlangabezana nemithwalo enkulu kakhulu nsuku zonke. Ngenxa yokuthi i-CT coronary artery angiography noma i-coronary angiography iye yaqhutshwa, kuye kwaba lula kakhulu odokotela ukuhlola izifo ezinzima, ngisho nasezigaba zokuqala. Ngenxa yokuhlola okwamanje, impumelelo yokulondoloza inani elikhulu lempilo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kunqunywe uma:
- izinhlungu ezingenasici enhliziyweni;
- okungahle kwenzeke okwakhiwa kwe-aorta;
- isidingo sokuhlolwa kwe-vascular, ukwehlisa noma ukukhulisa;
- ukusola okucacile kohlelo lokusebenza.
I-CT engiography yamaphaphu
Ezilwaneni ezahlukene ze-pulmonary pulmonary kukhona amathuba okuhlola okucacile ngokusebenzisa indlela KT-angiography yemikhumbi. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa umthamo ophansi we-X-ray irradiation, okuthinta kahle isimo esiphezulu sesiguli. Yenza i-tomography ehlanganisiwe yemikhumbi ye-pulmonary nge:
- okusolakala ukuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu;
- ukubhema isikhathi eside eneminyaka engu-55;
- isifo sofuba;
- i-pneumonia.
I-CT engiography yemikhumbi yezinso
I-Angiography yama-arteries we-renal noma i-renal angiography iyindlela ejwayelekile yokuxilongwa ezweni lanamuhla. Ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka ukuqhuba ucwaningo olunjalo nge-polyclinic ejwayelekile, ngakho-ke le nkonzo ekhokhwayo izobhekwa emtholampilo wangasese ifakwe imishini yakamuva. Ukuxilongwa kunqunywe uma:
- i-atherosclerosis ;
- esikhathini esilandelayo kanye nokulungiselela ukusebenza;
- indawo engavamile yemithambo ye-renal.
I-CT engiography yesibindi
Uma i-ultrasound noma i-tomography ehlanganisiwe ingatholi isifo sesibindi (i-oncology), udokotela uncoma isibindi se-angiography njengendlela ephumelela kakhulu futhi efundisa. Izinkomba zalolu cwaningo zizoba:
- ukulimala kwesisu nesibindi;
- okusolakala ukuthi yi-cirrhosis;
- isifo senhliziyo noma ukusola kwayo;
- ukuphefumula kwesifo se-hepatic vessels.
Ungalungiselela kanjani i-angiography?
Nakuba le nqubo akuyona ukungenelela okuhlinzayo, kudinga ukulungiswa ngokucophelela kwe-angiography ngaphambi kokuthi kwenziwe. Udokotela olungiselela isiguli ukuze ahlolwe, uthola zonke izifo ezise-anamnesis, ngoba ezinye zazo zingabangela ukungahambisani nama-angiography. Ngenxa yokuthi indaba ehlukile iqukethe i-iodine, ukusabela okubangelwa ukwelashwa kungase kwenzeke. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, izilonda ezengeziwe zenziwa, futhi uma kunesidingo, i-antihistamines inqunywe. Amahora amane ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, ukudla akuvunyelwe.
I-angiography isenziwa kanjani?
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiyiphi uhlobo lokuxilonga oluzosetshenziswa - i-CT engiography yobuchopho, inhliziyo, izinso noma izitho, i-algorithm yabasebenzi bezokwelapha cishe iyalingana. Kubonakala kanje:
- Isiguli asibekwa ithebula elikhethekile le-tomograph yeselula.
- Emgodleni we-ulnar, i-catheter efakwe lapho idivayisi ekhethekile ixhunyiwe khona - i -jectject yokondla isixazululo emzimbeni ohlukile.
- Ngemva kwalokho, abasebenzi bezokwelapha baya kwelinye igumbi futhi izinkulumo eziqhubekayo nesiguli zenziwa nge-speakerphone.
- Into ejojowe emthanjeni ngesilinganiso esithile. Konke kwenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo. Isiguli singazwa ukushisa, ezimweni ezingavamile, isicanucanu, esivamile.
- Itafula nesiguli kancane kancane igxila ekamelweni lapho i-radiator ye-X-ray isendaweni, eqala ukujikeleza nxazonke endaweni yokuphenya, ukuthumela isignali kwikhompyutha.
- Phakathi nenqubo, isiguli sinconywa ukuba sibambe umoya okwesikhashana ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile, ngoba ngisho nokunyakaza okuncane kunakho konke ukugcoba isithombe.
- Ngokuphelele, isiguli asisebenzisi imizuzwana engaphezu kwengu-30 esitokisini futhi asizwa izinzwa ezibuhlungu.
Ukuqhathaniswa kwe-angiography
Kwezinye izimo, lokhu ukuxilongwa okucacile okuphezulu akunakwenzeka. Isibonelo, i-angiography yemithwalo yegazi yenhliziyo ingakhanselwa ngenxa yomsebenzi ongaqiniseki wegciwane nokuhluleka ukuthola indawo enamandla ye-tachycardia, okuvimbela ukulungiswa kokuphulwa emisipha yezinhliziyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuhlolwa akushiwo uma:
- ukukhulelwa noma ukusola kwalo;
- ukwehluleka kwenqunu;
- ukwelashwa kwe-iodine, izilwane zasolwandle noma ukutholakala okuphezulu kunoma yimiphi imithi;
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- isifo se-thyroid;
- ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo.