- Ikheli: Ülikooli 18 50090 Tartu, Estonia;
- Umsunguli: uHermann Buksgewden;
- Isikhathi sokusebenza: cf. - Sun. kusukela ngo-11: 00 kuya ku-17: 00;
- Ifoni: +372 737 5674;
- Iwebhusayithi: muuseum.ut.ee.
Ikusasa leChethralral Dome, elisedolobheni laseTartu lase- Estonia , okuyinto eyisikhumbuzo esikhulu kunazo zonke zokwakha, ihlukile futhi idabukisayo. Isakhiwo esakhiwe eNkathini Ephakathi okwamanje asisetshenziselwa injongo yaso ehlosiwe. Umsebenzi wokubuyiselwa wathinta ingxenye encane kuphela yokwakhiwa okukhulu kakhulu. Manje kule ngxenye yi-museum ye-University of Tartu.
Umlando wesenzakalo
I-Dome Cathedral kaPetru noPawulu yayakhiwe endaweni ebaluleke kakhulu - intaba eseduze noMfula i-Emajõgi. Kakade kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo kwakuqiniswa amaqaba ase-Estonia, kodwa ngo-1224 isakhiwo sokuqala sabhujiswa abanqobi baseLibonian. Ukuze zizimelele ezweni elinqobile, ama-knights aqala ukwakha inqaba, okwakuzoba indawo yombhishobhi, u-Castrum Tarbatae.
Konke okusele kwalesi sakhiwo yizinsalela zezindonga, abavubukuli abazithola ngenxa yokucwaninga. Ingxenye yesibili yekhulu le-13 yaqalwa ngokuqala kokwakhiwa kwethempeli laseGothic kwenye ingxenye yegquma. Eceleni kwalo kwakhiwa amathuna namapulazi epulazi. I-cathedral yayingcweliswa ngokuhlonipha kwabeSanta uPeter noPaul, ababengumqashi wangaphambili wedolobha.
Ukwakhiwa kwaba yisakhiwo esikhulu senkolo eMpumalanga Yurophu, kanye nesikhungo sombhishobhi waseDorpatian. Okokuqala, i-Dome Cathedral (iTartu) yakhiwe ngendlela yama-basilica, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isakhiwo esikhulu sasihlanganiswa nama-choirs, futhi isakhiwo saba njengehholo lesonto.
Izandiso zokuqala zavela kakade ngo-1299, futhi emva kwamakhulu amabili eminyaka i-cathedral yayihlotshiswe ngama-choruses aphezulu, amakholomu namagceke. Zonke zazo zenziwe ngesitayela sezitini lamaGothic. Ekugcineni, kwavela imibhoshongo emikhulu emibili, ephakeme ngamamitha angu-66, ngayinye ehlangothini lwesonto elisentshonalanga. Umsebenzi wokwakha wagcwaliswa ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XV, lapho kwakhiwa udonga, ukuhlukanisa ukuhlala kombhishobhi kulo lonke umuzi.
Indlela i-cathedral yawela ngayo ukubola
Ukubhujiswa kwalesi sakhiwo kwaqala ngenxa yezinguquko, lapho i-cathedral ihlaselwa khona ngama-iconoclasts amaProthestani. Ngemva kokuba umbhishobhi wokugcina wamaKatolika athunyelwe eMbusweni WaseRussia, leli katolika lalingasaphinde lisebenze, labhujiswa, njengalo lonke umuzi, ngesikhathi seVietonian War.
Imizamo yokwakha kabusha isakhiwo yenziwa amaKatolika, ngenkathi insimu yayingaphansi kokubusa kwePoland, kodwa lokhu kwavinjelwa yimpi neSweden. Ngemuva komlilo, okwakwenzeka ngo-1624, isakhiwo sasiqothulwa nakakhulu. I-cathedral yaba yincithakalo lapho insimu idlula eSweden ngo-1629.
Iziphathimandla zasekhaya zasebenzisa amathuna kuphela kuze kube sekhulwini le-XVIII, kanti izakhiwo zasemapulazini ezisele ziphenduke igumbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphakama kwemibhoshongo kwashintshwa kube yi-22 m, phezulu lapho izibhamu zabekwa khona, futhi ingeniso enkulu yaqina. Konke lokhu kwenzeka kuma-1760s.
Ngemva kokuvulwa kweYunivesithi yaseDorpat emanxiweni enkampankulu, kwakhiwa umtapo wezintatheli ezintathu, owenzelwe umakhi uKrause. Wayephethe nomqondo wokuguqula omunye wemibhoshongo ibe yindawo yokuhlola. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke, ngakho-ke lo mboniso wawwakhiwe kusukela ekuqaleni.
Eminyakeni eyalandela, umtapo wolwazi wanda kakhulu, futhi isakhiwo sasinezikhukhula eziphakathi. Kancane kancane isakhiwo sashintsha saba umyuziyamu weyunivesithi, ogcina izinkulungwane zemiboniso ehlukile.
Kuzo izivakashi ngenothi
Intaba lapho iChehedral Cathedral itholakale khona ipaki lapho izakhamuzi zingaba nesidla ezindaweni ezisemakhaya zokudlela, futhi zihambe ngezinyawo futhi zihloniphe izikhumbuzo kubantu abathile abadumile. Kusuka ekamelweni lesonto kwakukhona indawo yokubona, lapho bonke abahambayo bevuka njalo.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukuthenga ithikithi yokungena nokunqoba isitebhisi, okungafani nezinye izindawo ezifanayo, kulula kakhulu. Endleleni ezivakashi eziphezulu ziba nombono omuhle ngegceke elingaphakathi lesonto, futhi zingakwazi futhi ukuhlola ingaphakathi lesonto. Usizo lokwenza umqondo ngeCathhedral of Dome, engabonwa ngaphambi kokuvakasha kwakhe.
Njengoba uhlala eTartu , zonke izivakashi zifuna lapho iChehedral Dome itholakala khona. Itholakala phezulu kwentaba yaseToomemyagi esikhungweni somlando saseTartu, eLossi Tanav Street, 25. Kodwa kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi ukuvakashela i-cathedral kuvulwe kuphela ehlobo. Umbhoshongo ungakhuphuka uma ufika esikhathini kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuNovemba.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinganekwane ezixhunywe neDome Cathedral. Omunye wabo uthi ngomphefumulo wentombazane encane eboshwe ezindongeni zethempeli. NgoNyaka Omusha, uhambahamba esontweni futhi afune othile ongadlulisa iqembu lamakhi ahlale ehamba naye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukholelwa ukuthi umoya ungatshela ngendawo lapho ingcebo ikhona ngosuku oluthile. Nokho, yiliphi usuku ngalokhu, akekho owaziyo.
Ungafika kanjani?
Ungafika ekomidini laseDome ngebhasi, kufanele uhambe kwenye yezimoto eziseduze: "Ama-Raeplats", "Lai" no "Näituse".