Emzimbeni, abesifazane bawela perestroika nyangazonke ngaphansi kwethonya lamahomoni, futhi konke lokhu ukuze ukukhulelwa kwenzeke, ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-blastocyst kuya kwesibeletho nokunamathiselwe emdongeni wesibeletho. I-Endometrium idlala indima enkulu ekutholeni okuphumelelayo kokukhulelwa.
Iyini i-endometrium ekukhulelwe?
I-Endometrium iyimbumbulu yangaphakathi yesibeletho futhi iqukethe isendlalelo esisisekelo nesisebenza. Umcengezi we-basal unomphela futhi amangqamuzana awo aphakamisa umsebenzi osebenzayo. Kuyinkimbinkimbi yesendlalelo sokusebenza esinqumayo impumelelo yokukhulelwa. Uma ukukhulelwa kungakaze kwenzeke, isendlalelo sokusebenza sinqatshiwe futhi siphuma ngesimo sokuya esikhathini. I-endometrium ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ezinsukwini zokuqala ngemuva kokuhambisa iqanda lomntwana wesisu ngaphakathi kwesibeletho kufanele kube ngu-9-15 mm. Ukuphefumula i-endometrium ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungenziwa isonto elilodwa emva kokukhulelwa, uma elinye iqanda elikhulile lingatholakali esibelethweni. Lapho iqanda lokubeletha liqala ukuboniswa yi-ultrasound, ungqimba we-endometrium ufinyelela ku-20 mm ekukhulelwe. Ukukhulelwa nge-endometrium encane, engaphansi kuka-7 mm, ngeke kwenzeke, ngoba umbungu awukwazi ukunamathela odongeni lwesibeletho. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngisho nangokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic kukhona ukuqina kwe-endometrium nokunyuka ngobukhulu besibeletho. Ngakho-ke, i-endometrium ene-ectopic pregnancy ifinyelela ubukhulu buka-1 cm. Izizathu zokuthi i-endometrium ayifinyeleli ubukhulu obanele zifaka okulandelayo:
- izilonda zokuvuvukala ze-endometrium;
- umonakalo owenziwe ngomshini ku-endometrium (ngenxa yokukhipha isisu);
- i-infantilism yesisu;
- izifo eziphethwe yi-endocrine.
Ukukhubazeka kwe-endometrium - ingabe ukukhulelwa kungenzeka?
I-Endometriosis ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa idlala indima enkulu ekulondolozeni kwayo, ukuqina kwe-endometrium kuncike ekutheni unamathisela ngempumelelo kanjani udonga lwe-uterine lweqanda elivundisiwe, izicubu ze-endometrium ukudla kombungu okhulayo. Esikhathini esizayo, izicubu ze-endometrial zizokwakha izitho zangasese ze-fetal kanye ne-placenta. Ngakho-ke, ngezinguquko ze-endometrium, ukukhulelwa kungenzeka kwenzeke. Ukukhubazeka okunjalo kwe-endometrium njengoba i-hyperplasia noma i-polyposis iphazamisa ukuqala kokukhulelwa, ngoba ukukhubazeka okunjalo ukufakwa kombungu esibelethweni nokunamathiselwe kwayo kuphazanyiswa. Isifo sesibili esisabekayo se-endometrium yi-endometriosis. Ngalesi sifo, amangqamuzana e-endometrium akhula abe yisigqila semisipha esibelethweni, kaningi le nqubo ibonakala yi-foci kanye nokubukeka kwezinhlungu esiswini esingaphansi. Esikhundleni se-endometriotic foci ukunamathiswa kweqanda lesibusane akuveli. Ngemithwalo yegazi ebuthakathaka yegobolondo langaphakathi lesibeletho, i-endometrial detachment ingenzeka ekukhulelweni kokuqala (kuze kufike enyangeni eyodwa), lapho iqanda elifakwe emanzini lifakwe embelethweni nasezindlini zegazi libhujiswa kusayithi lokunamathiselwe.
Indlela yokulungisa i-endometrium yokukhulelwa?
Okokuqala udinga ukuthola isizathu - kungani i-endometrium ingafinyeleli ubukhulu obufunayo? Kungaba izinkinga ze-hormonal noma izinqubo zokuvuvukala. Esimweni ngasinye, indlela yokuthola isiguli iyadingeka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yenza i-ultrasound, unike izivivinyo ngokuba khona kwezifo, kanye nokucwaninga kwangemuva kwe-hormonal. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yezifundo, ukwelashwa okufanelekile kunqunywe.
Kungaphetha ngokuthi i-endometrium esebenzayo ngokugcwele yingxenye ebalulekile yomklamo ophumelelayo nokuthuthukiswa kokukhulelwa. Ngezifo eziningi noma izifo ze-hormone ze-endometrium angeke zifinyelele ukuqina okwanele nokukhulelwa ngeke kwenzeke.