Uma phakathi konyaka lo mbhangqwana ungasebenzisi ukukhulelwa komzimba, kodwa awukwazi ukukhulelwa ingane, ngakho-ke kulokhu kunesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi abalingani banenkinga ngomsebenzi wokubeletha. Izizathu zazo zingabesilisa nabesilisa abangenalutho.
Ezingamaphesenti angama-40%, imbangela ikhona ezifweni zesifazane, ama-45% amacala ayiyindoda yokungabi nabantwana, ama-15% asele angama-immunological okuthiwa ahambisani nezinhlobo zomlingani nezinye izinhlobo zokungabikho.
Ake sihlolisise ifomu ejwayelekile kakhulu yokungazalwa namuhla - owesilisa ongenalutho.
Izinhlobo zokwelashwa kwabantu besilisa
Kunezinhlobo ezilandelayo zokuhluleka kwesilisa:
- Immunological - lapho umzimba uqala ukuthuthukisa ama-antibodies kumathambo noma izicubu ze-testicular.
- Imfihlo - uhlobo lokungazalwa, lapho ubuningi, ikhwalithi, ukukhwabanisa kwe-spermatozoa kunciphisa.
- I-Obturation - ngenxa yokuthi ukukhishwa kwe-spermatozoa kuyinto ephazamisa, isibonelo, isisu, i-cyst, noma u-scaroper post.
- Ukungabi nhlobo kokuzalwa okungukuthi kuyinyumba, okuyiziphi izimbangela ezibonakalayo ezingatholakali. Lolu hlobo lokungazalwa lungaba umphumela wokucindezeleka.
Njengamanje, noma iyiphi yalezi zinhlobo zokungazalwa kwamadoda ziphathwa. Kulesi simo, kokubili ukuxilongwa nokuphathwa kokungabi namuntu okulula kunzima kakhulu kunowesifazane.
Izimbangela nezimpawu zokungazalwa komuntu
Ukungazalwa komuntu kungabangelwa izimbangela ezihlukahlukene ezivela emaqenjini alandelayo:
- izifo zamathambo, kufaka phakathi ukuthuthukiswa okungavamile, ukuhlukunyezwa, izilonda ezithathelwanayo;
- izimbangela ze-hormone, kuhlanganise nezinga elincane le-testosterone noma ama-hormone e-thyroid;
- umsebenzi wokukhiqiza umuthi;
- umthelela womzimba noma ukuvezwa kwezidakamizwa, isibonelo, imisebe noma amakhemikhali;
- izinkinga ngokuhoxiswa kwesidoda - ukuvimbela iziteshi ezithwala isisu, ukutheleleka ngokocansi, izinkinga zokugaya izifo, i-varicose veins ye-scrotum;
- i-chromosomal noma i-inherited disorder;
- izifo ezivamile, kufaka phakathi i-cirrhosis yesibindi, isifo sezinso, ukungondleki;
- ukuthatha imithi kanye nezidakamizwa, kuhlanganise nalabo asetshenziselwa ukugula ngengqondo, anabolic steroids, utshwala nezinye izidakamizwa.
Njengomthetho, izibonakaliso zokungazalwa komuntu azibonakali ngokwabo. Uma kukhona ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal, iziguli zingase zithole ukukhula kancane kwezinwele, izinguquko zezwi, izinkinga zobulili.
Ukwelashwa kokungazalwa komuntu
Ukuthola ukuhlukumeza kwamadoda kuqala ngokuhlaziywa kwesilisa noma ukuhlaziywa kwesilisa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela ufunde ngokuningiliziwe umlando wesifo, kufaka phakathi izici zokuthuthukiswa kobulili komuntu wesilisa, uthola ukuthi iziphi izifo ahlupheka ngazo, nokuthi yiziphi izimbangela zangaphandle ezingalungile azibonela ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe.
Okulandelayo, ukuhlolwa komzimba jikelele ukucacisa imbangela yokungasebenzi. Ngokwesisekelo sezinto ezitholakalayo, izifundo ezithile zingadingeka, isibonelo, ukuhlolwa kwe-scrotal and testicular, ukuhlolwa kofuzo, ukusungulwa komsebenzi wokusebenza kwesidoda, ne-biopsy ye-testicular.
Esimeni ngasinye, indlela yokwelashwa ikhethwe ngabanye. Uma imbangela yokungabi nalutho isungulwe ngokunembile, ke uma kungenzeka, zama ukuqeda.
Kwezinye izimo, imbangela ayikwazi ukumiswa noma akunakwenzeka ukulungisa inkinga. Ezimweni ezinjalo, isici esesilisa sokungabi namntwana sinikezwe ubuchwepheshe bokubeletha obambisana, okufaka i- IVF .
Ukuzikhethela kwalokhu noma leyo ndlela kuncike esimweni sempilo yomuntu, izimbangela zokungazalwa, izinkinga zowesifazane.
Endabeni yokusebenzisa i-IVF ekungeneni kwesilisa, i-oocyte isuswe ngokuphumelelayo kowesifazane, ixubene ebhokisatri nge-sperm, bese "ibeke" embelethweni wesifazane.
Indlela elula kunazo zonke yi-intrauterine fertilization. Kulesi simo, isampula yembewu yesilisa ifundiswa ebhokisatri, bese ingeniswa esibelethweni ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa.
Indlela yesimanje kunazo zonke i-intra-cytoplasmic injection ye-sperm, lapho i-sperm isuswe khona ematendeni, futhi isidoda sijova ku-ovum. Ngokusetshenziswa kwalolu buchwepheshe, kungenzeka ukufezekisa umphumela oyifunayo ngisho nasezinkingeni ezinkulu ze-spermatogenesis.