- Ikheli: Ülikooli 18, 50090 iTartu, Estonia;
- Ifoni: +372 737 5100;
- Iwebhusayithi: ut.ee;
- Umsunguli: uGustav II Adolf;
- Idethi yokusungulwa: 1632.
Emzini wase-Estonia waseTartu kunezikhumbuzo eziningi zomlando nezakhiwo zokwakha, enye yezinto ezikhangayo eziyinhloko yiyunivesithi. Isikhungo sezemfundo ephakeme sesidume ngesimo sayo sama-bohemian and intellectual, okuye kwaba emakhanini namahholo isikhathi eside. IYunivesithi yaseTartu yiyona endala kunazo zonke e- Estonia , efakwe ohlwini lwezikhungo eziphakeme kakhulu zemfundo emhlabeni.
I-Tartu University - incazelo
Isikhungo semfundo ephakeme sifakiwe ezinhlanganweni ezinjalo zamanyuvesi aseYurophu njenge-Utrecht Network kanye neCoimbra Group. Kodwa izivakashi ziza kuzibona futhi ngesinye isizathu eTartu (e-Estonia) - IYunivesithi yaseTartu inesakhiwo esivela ezintweni ezidume kakhulu edolobheni. Esikhungweni semfundo ephakeme, ochwepheshe baqeqeshwa ezindaweni ezilandelayo:
- i-philology;
- umuthi;
- i-psychology;
- ikhompyutha yesayensi.
Kuphelele, kunezinkampani ezine eyunivesithi, zihlukaniswe ngezikhungo kanye namakholeji, futhi kukhona nezethulo kwamanye amadolobha: Narva, Pärnu naseViljandi. Enhloko-dolobha yase-Estonia yihhovisi leSikole Senkantolo noMaritime Institute, kanye nokumelelwa. Kodwa izakhiwo eziningi zigxile eTartu.
Umlando wendalo
Usuku lwesisekelo se-University of Tartu lubhekwa ngo-June 30, 1632. Ngalolo suku inkosi yaseSweden yasayina isimemezelo esasungula iDorpat Academy. Lona kwakuyigama lokuqala lesikhungo semfundo esasikhona kulo, ngenkathi i-Estonia yayingaphansi kokubusa kwesiSweden.
Ngo-1656, iNyuvesi yathunyelwa eTallinn, futhi ngo-1665 imisebenzi yayo yaphela. I-yunivesithi yavula iminyango yayo ngaphambi kwalabo abafuna ukuthola ulwazi ngo-1690, lapho ephinde ezithola eTartu. Igama lakhe manje lizwakala njenge-Academia Gustavo-Carolina. 1695-1697 kwakunzima eyunivesithi ngenxa yezenzo zokusebenzisana kweSweden, okubangele indlala edolobheni. Ngakho-ke, lesi sikole sathunyelwa ePärnu, njengoba izimo zazingcono kakhulu.
Ngo-1889 inqubo yokufunda yayiyiRussified, kanti eyunivesithi ngokwayo yaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi i-Imperial Yuryevsky. Ngaleli gama, lahlala kuze kube ngo-1918. Igama laso lamanje linikezwe isikhungo ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Lapho insimu yayihlala amaJalimane, eyunivesithi yadluliselwa kuHulumeni Wesikhashana wezwe.
Ngo-December 1, 1919, waqala umsebenzi ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kukaPeeter Puld, futhi ososayensi abamenywe bevela eSweden, eFinland naseJalimane. Ukuqeqesha kwakwenziwa manje ngesi-Estonia. Ngemva kokuba i-Estonia ijoyine i-USSR, uhlelo lokuqeqesha lwashintsha ngokuphelele, izibopho zakudala zaphulwa. Phakathi nenkathi yeSoviet, iziqu zaseYunivesithi zaziwa ophilologists, izazi zezilimi kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo, kanye nezinye izinto eziningi ezivelele.
Ngemva kokubuyiselwa kokuzimela kwe-Estonia, iNyuvesi yaseTartu yayimatasa ekuvuseleleni izixhumanisi ezilahlekile kanye namasiko kusukela ngo-1989 kuya ku-1992. Namuhla isikole sithandwa kakhulu futhi siphume kakhulu ezweni. Kodwa abavakashi abanandaba kakhulu nezinhlelo zemfundo njengamamyuziyamu eNyuvesi yaseTartu.
Izici ze-museum
Emnyuziyamu ungafunda okuningi ngomlando wesayensi, ukuthi imfundo yaseyunivesithi ishintshile kanjani kusukela ekhulwini lama-17 kuze kube namuhla. Iziqondiso zizobuye zitshele ngokuphila komfundi, izinkanyezi kanye nemithi. Ukuvakasha akugcinwanga kuphela ngesi-Estonia nangesiNgisi kuphela, kodwa futhi ngesiRashiya, isiJalimane. I-museum ithengisa izikhumbuzo, kukhona amakilasi asebenzayo, kanye namakilasi abantwana.
I-museum ivulekele izivakashi kusukela ngoMeyi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSeptemba, ithikithi libiza ama-euro angu-5 kubantu abadala kanye ne-4 yezingane izingane, lezi yizintengo zasehlobo. Imyuziyamu ingatholakala futhi kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli nge-4 euros kumuntu omdala kanye ne-3 euros ngengane ngayinye.
Ukubheka izakhiwo
Ukuhamba kungakapheli isakhiwo seyunivesithi, esakhiwe ngesitayela sobuciko esakhiwe ngumdwebi uJohn Krause. Yonke imicimbi ebalulekile neyinkimbinkimbi igubha ngomhlobiso omuhle wehholo lomhlangano.
Enye "okugqamile" yesakhiwo yiseli esiteshini se-attic yesakhiwo esikhulu. Lapha, kuthiwa abafundi bezikhathi zakudala bacabanga ngokuziphatha kwabo. Ukuba khona kwabo kukhulunywa ngemidwebo ehlukahlukene ezindongeni, eminyango ngisho nasendlini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kunezobuciko ezenziwe ngabantu ezakhiweni zesakhiwo, okuphakathi kwawo kulula ukuthola i-graphite yesimanje.
Umtapo we-University of Tartu wagubha iminyaka engu-200, kepha okwamanje isakhiwo sivaliwe ukulungiswa. Uma kuqala itholakala esitezi sesibili sendlu yangasese, ngenxa yesikhwama sokwandisa kunqunywe ukunikeza isakhiwo esihlukile. Khona-ke umklami I. Krause walungisa izingoma zebandla laseGothic elihle, elibhujiswa ngesikhathi seVietonian War kanye nomlilo we-1624.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo ukuthi kule ndawo isakhiwo sokuqala sakhiwe ukuze sithathe izincwadi. Isikhwama somtapo wanamuhla siyizincwadi ezinezigidi ezingu-4, phakathi kwazo kunezinguqulo eziningi ezingavamile. Lapho kufika ubuchwepheshe bekhompuyutha, uhlelo lwama-electronic lwakhiwa, lapho abafundi nabachwepheshe befuna izincwadi ezidingekayo emsebenzini.
Ungafika kanjani?
Ukufika eNyuvesi yaseTartu ngeke kube nzima, ngoba itholakala eDolobheni Elidala . Ungakwazi ukufika lapho ngebhasi, uhambe esitokisini "Raeplats" noma "Lai".