I-Herniated hernia - izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, ngokuhlinzwa

Ukugcoba umgogodla kuvame ukubangela ubuhlungu emuva. Imfundo yayo ijwayelekile kubantu abaneminyaka engama-30-50 ubudala. Ukuqeda, izindlela zokuhlinzekwa nezingezona zokuhlinzwa zinganconywa, ukukhetha kuncike ezimbangela kanye nesimo sesiguli.

Ama-discs we-Herniated - iyini?

Wonke ama-vertebrae ahlukaniswa ama-discs - amapayipi okuqala avikela ithambo emonakalweni ngesikhathi sokunyakaza futhi ahlinzeke ngokuvumelana nezimo zeposi lonke. Ziqukethe izingxenye ezimbili - i-kernel ye-pulp (okuqukethwe kwe-semiliquid) ne-ring fibrous (shell shell). I-hernia ye-intervertebral yenziwa ngenxa yokulimala kwidiski kanye nokugxila kwengxenye yepulasitiki ukuphoqa ukuphela kwezinzwa zomgogodla.

Lokhu kuholela ekuzweleni okungahambi kahle, ukuwohloka kobuzwe bezitho zomzimba kanye nokungasebenzi kwemisebenzi yezitho zangaphakathi. Ngokuvamile kunomlando wakhe we-intervertebral esifundeni se-lumbar, ezingxenyeni ze-thoracic kanye neyesibeletho kubonakala kungavamile. Ngoba ukuvela akudingekile umthwalo osindayo, ngezinye izikhathi ukunyakaza okunganakekile, ikakhulukazi lapho kukhona izinto ezicasulayo.

Hernia of the spine - izimbangela

Izidingo eziyinhloko zokuthuthukisa inkinga yilokhu:

isikhombisi ;
i-osteochondrosis ;
i-lordosis ;
ukuhlukunyezwa komgogodla;
i-scoliosis ;
ukushaya okuqinile noma ukuwa ngemuva.

I-hernia ye-vertebral ingacasulwa ezinye izici, ezingacacile:

UPawulu. Abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okubhekana nokuhlukunyezwa.
Umsebenzi omzimba ophansi. Ukushayela ngamandla kuvela emisipha ejulile emuva, uma bengatholi ukunyakaza okudingekayo, khona-ke umxhumanisi phakathi kwe-vertebrae uba namandla kakhulu.
Ubukhulu ngaphezu kwe-170 cm nobudala ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-30.
Isisindo esiningi.
Ukubhema.
Ukuhlukumeza.
Ukuntuleka kokuhamba - ukusebenza kwikhompyutha, ukushayela imoto, ukuphulwa kokumiswa.
Ukuphakama okukhulu kokuqeqeshwa - umthwalo osebenza ngokweqile noma ukunyakaza okungazelelwe ngaphandle kokufudumala kungaholela ekulimaleni kwendwangu yesibindi.

I-Herniated spine - izimpawu

Ukubonakaliswa okuyinhloko ubuhlungu, okungahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi indawo yesilonda. Uma kune-hernia ye-vertebral, izimpawu zokungahambi kahle zingase zenziwe ngokuphulwa kwemisebenzi yezinye izitho:

ukwehluleka ekulawuleni ukujuluka;
ukucindezeleka kwemisipha;
ukwehlisa ubuzwe.

I-lniar lumbar spine

Ukuzwa okubuhlungu kulesi simo kubukhali futhi buvutha, lokhu kungenxa yethonya elinamandla ezimpandeni zesisindo, ezihlangene. Iningi livame ukuthinta emuva komzimba. I-lniar lumbar spine ibonakala:

ubuhlungu emhlane ongezansi ezinyangeni ezingaphezu kwezintathu;
ukuphazamiseka kwezinzwane;
ukubopha noma ukubopha emlenzeni;
ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo ku-groin;
ukukhathazeka ezinyaweni, ethangeni, emlenzeni ophansi, noma emthonjeni;
ukuphazanyiswa kwezitho zomzimba.

Hernia we-thoracic umgogodla

Le nkathazo iletha ezinye izinkinga ekuxilongweni, ngoba ziqukethe njengezinhliziyo noma izifo zamathumbu. Ubuhlungu obuncane bomgogodla bukhona esifubeni, kepha buya phansi esiswini. Ezinye izibonakaliso zezici ziyi:

ukugubha, ukugubha, noma ukugaya esifubeni, isisu, izingalo, noma emuva;
ukukhubazeka ngaphansi kwendawo ethintekile - okuyingxenye noma ephelele;
ubuthakathaka bezandla;
izinkinga zesisu, izitho zangasese kanye ne-rectum.

I-Hernia yomgogodla ingazibonakalisa ngokwamandla ahlukeneyo, kuxhomeke ekungenikeni komthelela we-disc oye wawela ezimpandeni zesibindi noma intambo yomgogodla. Indlela yokuphatha i-hernia ye-intervertebral inqunywa ngemuva kokuxilongwa nokubona ukuqina kwesilonda. Uma ingxenye engaphezulu yomnyango ibonakalisiwe, ukukhubazeka okuphelele kungenzeka, lapho kuphela ikhanda eligcina imisebenzi yemoto, kodwa lezo zimo azivamile.

Umgogodla womlomo wesibeletho

Ukuhlukunyezwa kulo mnyango kubangelwa amacala angu-19%, okwenza kube okwesibili ethandwa kakhulu. Ingozi ukuxhuma okuseduze nezitho zangaphakathi ezibalulekile, ngakho ukubambezeleka kokwelashwa kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu. Uma i-hernia yomgogodla wesibeletho isungulwe, izimpawu zingasakazeka kuwo wonke umzimba ophezulu:

ukulahlekelwa kwesokunakekelwa kwesandla;
Ukubukeka ngezikhathi ezibuhlungu emahlombe noma entanyeni, kancane kancane uthola uhlamvu oluhlala njalo;
isiyezi;
umsindo ezindlebeni ;
kunzima ukuhambisa amahlombe nentamo;
ubuhlungu obuningi ngesikhathi sokukhwehlela, ukuguqula noma ukujika;
ikhanda;
ukucindezela kwehla.

Ama-Syndromes we-hernia e-backbone

Zonke izinzwa ezingathandeki ezibangela i-hernia ye-intervertebral, izimpawu ezikhuluma ngokucindezela izinzwa, ngaphandle kwenqubo yokwelashwa. Ama-Syndromes angathuthuka ngemuva kwesizinda sabo, okuzokwenza kube nzima nakakhulu isimo sezempilo.

I-vertebral. Ngenxa yobuhlungu obuqhubekayo, ukuqala kwegciwane lomgogodla kuqale, okwandisa amandla okuzwa. Awuvumeli ukuqondisa ngokugcwele, ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwe-lumbar, ukuvimbela ukuma, okubangela ukuba skewing ngendlela enempilo. Ubukhulu be-hernia bomgogodla nomqondisi kuthinta imiphumela yaso. Uma evezwe entanjeni yomgogodla, izinkinga zomsebenzi wezingxenye ezixhunyiwe zomzimba zitholakala.
Okuvamile. Uma izimpande zomgogodla zifakwe isikhathi eside, khona-ke zizofa. Umphumela uzoba ukuwohloka kwezicubu zokudla kanye nokuthuthuka kwamandla okukhubazeka. Imisipha yemilenze ibuthakathaka kuqala, okwenza kube nzima ukuhlala nokukhuphuka izitebhisi, bese kufika i-atrophy, ukukhubazeka kungase kwenzeke. Ukuzwela kwesikhumba kunciphisa, futhi inqubo yokujuluka ingaphazamiseka. Umsebenzi wezitho zangasese ukonakala.

I-Herniated hernia - ukuxilongwa

Ukuze ubone ukukhishwa kwe-disk kuvumela i-tomography - i-computer noma i-imaging resonance imaging. I-last latter ingcono, ngoba ibonisa kangcono isimo samathambo alula. Akubonisi kuphela umlando womgogodla, kodwa futhi unikeza ukuhlolwa kwezinga lokunciphisa umgogodla womgogodla. Uma le ndlela ingamukeleki, sebenzisa imidwebo ye-contrast. I-hernia ye-intervertebral ngokuvamile inezimpawu ezifana nezinye izifo. Ukuze uzikhiphe, ungadinga i-ECG, i- radiograph noma i-gastroscopy.

Ukwelashwa kwe-hernia ye-intervertebral ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa

Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa akudingeki, umphumela omuhle uzokwenzeka ngemuva kokuthatha imithi nezinye izincomo zikadokotela. Indlela yokwelapha umtholampilo kufanele uhlolwe ngumchwepheshe onguchwepheshe besifo. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ngaphandle kokwelashwa noma ngokunganaki ukuqokwa, inkinga iqhubeka ngokushesha, okuzokwenza ukuba kuhambele ithebula elisebenzayo.

Hernia of the spine - ukwelashwa, imithi

Lolu hlelo lukhethiwe ngabanye, ngezinye izikhathi kudingekile ukubonisana kwabachwepheshe abaningana. Ukuthatha imithi kungase kwenezele ukuvivinya umzimba nge-spinal hernia noma izinqubo ezikhethekile. I-Monotherapy nayo ingenzeka, kepha imiphumela eyinkimbinkimbi ivame ukusetshenziswa. Amaqembu alandelayo wezidakamizwa asetshenziswa.

Ama-NSAID. Kukhona ngendlela yamafutha noma amaphilisi ( Diclofenac , Ibuprofen, Indomethacin). Ngokushesha uqede ubuhlungu, kodwa usimaze umuthi wamathumbu, ngakho-ke asetshenziselwa ukuhlanganiswa nemithi yokuvikela (Omeprazole, Almagel).
I-Novocaine ivinjelwe. Ukuqeda ubuhlungu obukhulu, umphumela uhlala izinsuku ezingu-20. Ukwelashwa kwe-hernia ye-intervertebral ngale ndlela akuvame ukwenziwa, ngoba kungaholela ekutheni i-atrophy ye-ligaments.
Ama-Hondoprotectors. Ephumelelayo ekuqaleni kwesifo, siza ukubuyisela izicubu ze-cartilage ( Teraflex , Structum).
Ama-relaxant muscle. Hlaziya imisipha, ususe ama-spasms (Sirdalud, Midokalm).
Corticosteroids. Basusa ukuvuvukala, kodwa ngeke basetshenziswe isikhathi eside (i-Decadron, Metiprednison).

I-Herniated spine - physiotherapy

Izinqubo azisetshenziswa kuphela, zisekela kuphela ukwelashwa okuyisisekelo. Yenza imiphumela elandelayo:

ukuvuselela kwezinqubo zokuxubha;
ukuthuthukiswa kwe-microcirculation yegazi;
ukusheshisa kokuthola;
ukuphumula ubuhlungu;
ukuqedwa kobunzima bemisipha.

I-disc ye-Herniated iphathwa ngezindlela ezilandelayo.

Electrophoresis. Kuyasiza ukuletha umuthi kusayithi lokuvuvukala, kusetshenziswa okwamanje.
I-Phonophoresis. Inqubo ifana, kodwa i-ultrasound isetshenziswa.
I-Electrostimulation. Ibuyisela emuva imisipha futhi ijwayelekile ukugeleza kwe-lymph, umphumela wenziwa ngosizo lwezinguquko zamanje zamanje.
Magnetotherapy. Akuyona indlela yokwelashwa, kusiza kuphela ukuqinisa ukusebenza kwamanye amadakamizwa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Laser. Kuyasiza ukukhulula ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu, kuthuthukise ukuvuselelwa.

Ukuzivocavoca nge-hernia yomgogodla

Le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukungabikho noma ngemuva kokususwa kobuhlungu obukhulu. Ukwelashwa kwe-hernia yomgogodla kuhilela ukuqeqeshwa okuhlelekile ngaphandle kwemithwalo esindayo. Umphumela awukwenzeki ngokushesha, amandla okudinga kuzodingeka aqashwe ngokuhlola ngezikhathi ezithile kwi-MRI. Zonke izivivinyo zenziwa kusukela endaweni ejwayele, kancane kancane futhi ngokushelela. Kunconywa ukuphindaphinda kuka-10-12, uma kunesifo esibi noma ukuvimbela okukhulu ukunyakaza, kubalulekile ukuyeka umsebenzi.

Ukuphikisana kwengxenye engenhla ye-trunk. Imigqa ebubanzi behlombe, izingalo ziwela esifubeni, umzimba uqala kuqala, bese kuthi ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ngaphansi kwesinqe, isidumbu kumele sihlale simile.
Ukuqeda ukulala phansi. Isikhundla siyafana, ingxenye engenhla iqala ukuhamba ngakwesobunxele, bese ngakwesokudla. Ukuphakanyiswa kwezinga eliphezulu kunconywa, kepha ngaphandle kokungahambi kahle.
Vula izinyathelo zakho. Imigqa iqondile, izandla zicindezelwa ngezindebe phansi, kancane kancane ezinhlangothini. Uma uvula izinyathelo zakho imilenze kufanele ihlale ndawonye.
Izinyawo ezilahlayo. Isikhundla sifana naleso sangaphambilini, imilenze ndawonye. Zishukunyiswa ngendlela eyodwa noma enye, zihlupha imisipha ye-lumbar ne-lateral.

Ukwelashwa ukukhipha isisu somgogodla

Lesi silinganiso sokugcina lapho izindlela zokuqapha ezingasebenzi. Lokhu kungenzeka uma ukwelashwa sekuphuzile futhi udokotela noma engayinaki imithi yokwelashwa enqunyiwe. Uma lesi simo siqhubeka, ukususwa kwe-hernia ye-intervertebral kuyona kuphela okukhethwa kukho. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi:

kungaba nemiphumela;
ngezinye izikhathi ukungenela okuphindaphindiwe kuyadingeka;
kudinga isiguli ukuthi sisebenze ukuze sithole ngokugcwele.

I-Herniated spine - izinhlobo zemisebenzi

Discectomy. Kumele ukususe i-disk - yonke noma ingxenye. Yenziwa ngokunqunywa ngo-8 cm ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Kubhekwa njengendlela engasasebenzi ngenxa yokuphumula okuncane futhi isidingo sokuthola imishanguzo ye-antibiotic izinsuku ezingu-10 esibhedlela.
I-Endoscopy. Iqhutshwa ngokusebenzisa ukufakwa kwe-5 mm usebenzisa amathuluzi amancane. Ukususwa kwengane yomgogodla ngale ndlela kuvame kakhulu, ngoba akukho umonakalo wemisipha, okuqinisekisa ukuphulukiswa ngokushesha. Ukusebenza kuyashesha, kukhishwe ngosuku olulandelayo. Kuthatha cishe amasonto amathathu ukuphola ngokuphelele. Ukuphazamiseka kuyingozi yokuphindaphinda kanye nesidingo se-anesthesia yomgogodla.
Microdiscectomy. I-incision i-4 cm, eyenziwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ne-anesthesia jikelele. Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa, isisindo sikhishwe ngaphandle kokulimala emisipha. Siza ukususa ukuhlukunyezwa okuncane, esibhedlela lesiguli esibhedlela kungekho kwezinsuku ezintathu.
Nucleoplasty. Indlela yesimanje kakhulu, i-hernia yomgogodla iqedwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo. Umphumela wenziwa ngama-laser, i-plasma noma i-radiofrequency imigqa ngokusebenzisa izinaliti 2-3 mm ububanzi. Ngenxa yalokho, ukucindezelwa kwimbilini kunciphisa, ubuhlungu buqedwa. Ukukhipha kwenziwa ngamahora ambalwa. Kufanelekela ama-hernias kuphela angaphezu kuka-7 mm.

I-herniated hernia - ukuvuselelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa

Ijubane nekhwalithi yokutakula kuxhomeke ekuvuseleleni okulungile. Ngemva kokususwa kwe-hernia yomgogodla, indlela edidiyelwe inconywa, izingxenye zayo zikhethiwe ngabanye.

Imithi. Baqokwe ukuqeda ubuhlungu, ukusheshisa ukuphulukiswa, ukuvimbela ukuvela kwezinkinga.
Physiotherapy. Ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinye izindlela.
Sebenzisa imithi yokwelapha. Ivuselela umsebenzi we-muscle, ithuthukisa ukuhamba kwama-vertebrae.
Ukuvuselelwa kweSanatorium. Kusho iqoqo lezinqubo - zokugeza, izinhlelo zokusebenza, ukusikhipha.