I-Lymphoma yi-oncology ethinta uhlelo lwe-lymphatic. Ama-lymphomas azinhlobo ezimbili: okubizwa ngokuthi udumo lweHodgkin non-Hodgkin's. Umqondo we-"non-Hodgkin's lymphoma" uhlanganisa inqwaba yezinhlobo ezahlukene nezinhlobo zezifo. Kuhlanganisa nezifo ezifanayo ezingamashumi amathathu. Zonke ziyingozi futhi zimelela ingozi enkulu kubantu.
I-Lymphoma engeyona i-Hodgkin - Iyini lesi sifo?
I-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma iyindlela ejwayelekile yomdlavuza. Lithinta i-lymphocytes kanye nezicubu ze-lymphoid ezivikela umzimba. Lezi zinsuku ziningi kakhulu ezithombeni ze-lymph. Yilezi zitho ezihlukunyezwa yi-lymphoma kaningi. Njengoba kuboniswa umkhuba odumazayo, ezinye izidumbu azikwazi ukuziqhenya ngokungazikhukhumezi. I-lehophoka ka-Nehodka ingathinta noma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isisindo se-lymphoid esinalo.
Ukufika emnothweni wethambo, amangqamuzana abulalayo aphazamisa ukwakheka kwama-leukocyte, amaplatelets, ama-erythrocytes. Ngenxa yalokho umzimba ungabi nasizi ngalutho: izicubu zintuleka oksijeni, igazi lilahlekelwa ikhono lokuphanga, ukuzivikela komzimba kuyingozi nakakhulu.
Ama-lymphocyte azinhlobo ezimbili: T- no-B-cell. Amangqamuzana ahlambalaza angakha ezinhlotsheni ezimbili zombili. Kodwa ikakhulukazi ama-lymphomas angenawo-cellular non-Hodgkin agxila phezu kwezinhlobo ze-lymphoblastic t-cell zesifo. Kunalokho okuchazwe, ngisho nochwepheshe kunzima kakhulu ukusho.
Ama-lymphomas athathwe kabi ngamadoda asekhulile namadala. Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo sitholakala ezinganeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli ezisencane zivame ukubhekana namafomu anonya, aphuthuka, ama-lymphoma.
Izinyathelo zokuthuthukiswa kwe-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Njenganoma yimuphi omunye oncology, i-Nehodka lymphoma ezingeni ezahlukene zokuthuthukiswa kubonakala ngezindlela ezahlukene:
- Isigaba sokuqala sibonakala ngenye ye-lymph node ethintekile.
- Isigaba sesibili sitholwa lapho inkinga ithinte ama-lymph nodes amabili aseduze.
- Isiguli sesiguli sibhekene ne-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma yezinga lesithathu. Kulesi simo, lesi sifo sithinta ama-lymph nodes amaningana asezinhlangothini eziphambene nomdwebo.
- Isibi kakhulu kunazo zonke ezingekho i-Hodgkin's lymphoma yesigaba sesine. Ngalesi sigaba, ngaphezu kwama-lymph nodes, izitho zangaphakathi nezicubu nazo zingase zihlupheke.
Futhi uma izigaba zokuqala zingase zibe yinkimbinkimbi, khona-ke akunakwenzeka ukuba ungaboni i-lymphoma yezinga lesithathu noma lesine.
Izimpawu ze-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Kuye ngesimo sesifo kanye nesimo sempilo, ukubonakaliswa kwe-lymphoma kungashintsha. Kodwa kunezibonakaliso eziningana ezivela kuzo zombili follicular, kanye ne-immunoblastic, futhi ziyahlukana, nanoma iyiphi enye indlela ye-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma:
- Isiguli sikhulisa izinga lokushisa ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Iziguli ezine-lymphoma ziyajula kakhulu ebusuku ngisho nasesimo sezulu esibandayo.
- Esinye isibonakaliso esivamile ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esibucayi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kwenzeka nangesizathu esicacile.
- Ezikhathini eziningi iziguli, ama- lymph nodes agxuma futhi akhulisiwe. Kodwa nge
lokhu akubangeli ukukhathazeka. - Ngezinye izikhathi iziguli zizwa ikhanda , isicashu, kanye nokukhubazeka okubukwayo.
- I-Pale nayo ibhekwa njengesibonakaliso esibi.
- Kwezinye izimo, iziguli zinezinkinga zesistimu zezinzwa, zingene ekucindezelekeni.
Ukuchazwa kwe-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma kuhlukile. Uma lesi sifo sitholakale ngesikhathi, khona-ke kulula ukuyiqeda ngokuphelele. Indima ebalulekile idlalwe yisikhathi sesiguli, ubukhulu besisu, indawo yayo, kanye nesilinganiso sokukhula.
Yiqiniso, nge-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma yesigaba 4, umuntu kufanele alungiselele ukubikezela okudumazayo. Ukulwa nalesi sifo kulokhu kuzoba nzima kakhulu futhi kudla isikhathi.