Abesifazane abaningi babhekene nenkinga yokungabi nabantwana, futhi kuze kube yilapho nje lokhu kutholakala kuzwakala njengesigwebo, njengoba bekuwunqabe unomphela owesifazane onethemba lokuthola injabulo yokuba ngumama. Kodwa-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe bezokwelapha emkhakheni wezinqubo zokuzala kunikeze imibhangqwana eminingi nabesifazane abangashadile ithuba eliyingqayizivele lokuba abazali.
Ukwenziwa umanyolo we-in vitro kungabhekwa njengendlela yokuphumelela empilweni yokungasebenzi. Ngokwezibalo, isikhathi esifushane ngosizo lwe-IVF, kwazalwa abantwana abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-4, lesi sibalo sabhaliswa ekupheleni kuka-2010.
ECO - okuyinhloko yenqubo kanye nezinkomba eziyinhloko
Ngaphansi kokufaka umanyolo we-in vitro kuqondwa njengeluhlu lonke lwezenzo ezilandelanayo.
Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuba ukhule i-ovum egcwele, ukuvuselelwa kwama-hormonal ngokuvamile okusetshenziselwa le njongo, bese kuthiwa i-spermatozoa. Iqanda elivuthiwe likhishwa futhi lifakwe ngezindlela ezimbili ku-vitro noma nge-ICSI, kunoma yikuphi okwenzeka ngaphandle komzimba wesifazane. Iqanda elikhulelwe libhekwa njenge-embryo, eliqhubeka likhula ngaphansi kwezimo zokufakelwa kwezinsuku ezingu-5-6, emva kwalokho idluliselwa emgodini wesibindi.
Ngokwemvelo, isibonakaliso esiyinhloko se-IVF protocol ukuhluleka kowesifazane kanye nendoda yokukhulelwa nokubekezelela ingane ngokwemvelo.
Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwamazinga aphezulu okukhulelwa okuphumelelayo nokuzalwa kwezinsana ezinempilo, abaningi besaba le nqubo mayelana nemibono ekhona mayelana nobuhlobo obusobala phakathi kwe-IVF ne- ovarian kanye nomdlavuza webele.
Ingabe i-ECO ingabangela umdlavuza?
Ngenxa yombono okhona wokuthi amathuba okuba nomdlavuza emva kwe-IVF akhula kakhulu, abesifazane abaningi benqabe ukwenza lo myalelo. Futhi, ngeshwa, ososayensi abakwazi ukuqinisekisa noma ukuphika inguqulo e-ECO eyenza umdlavuza, ososayensi abakakwazi.
Kuze kube manje, konke esinakho esihlokweni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-ECO ingabangela umdlavuza, lokhu kuyilingo oluningi, idatha yezibalo kanye nocwaningo oluncane olusebenzayo, oluphikisanayo.
Abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi i-IVF iholela emdlalweni we-ovarian nesifuba. Lesi sikhundla siyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngoba iningi lisekelwe ezincwadini ezihlukahlukene zemihlahlandlela, kuqhutshwa ukuhlolisiswa ngalesi sihloko. Futhi akugcini njalo ukucabangela izici eziningi ezihambisana nazo, isibonelo, iminyaka yeziguli, izimbangela zokungazalwa, indlela yokuphila kanye nesikhathi esifushane.
Ngakho-ke, abagqugquzeli abaningi be-ECO abangela umdlavuza uncike ekutadisheni lapho ingozi yomdlavuza we-ovarian emaphethweni nasezinhlobonhlobo ezihlaselayo zahlaziywa emva kokudlula le protocol. Ngokusho kwedatha eshicilelwe, abesifazane abangaba ngu-19 000 abazuza ngokufaka umanyolo we-in vitro kanye neziguli ezingu-6,000 ezine-diagnerosis abangasebenzi ngaphandle kwe-IVF bahlanganyele ekuhlolweni. Idatha yesitatimende nayo yabhekwa phakathi kwabantu abaningi. Ngenxa yalokho, ososayensi babala ukuthi abahlanganyeli be-IVF basengcupheni yokuthuthukisa umdlavuza we-ovarian umngcele ophindwe kasikhombisa ngaphezu kontanga yabo. Inhlobo yesimo esihlasela lesi sifo ayixhomekile ekuhambeni kwe-IVF protocol.
Futhi, lokhu kungenye yezinguqulo, ekuchasheni lapho ungathola khona izifundo eziningi ezinjalo.
Futhi kunezindaba eziningi eziphikisanayo eziphathelene nalokhu: ingabe i-ECO ingabangela umdlavuza webele.
Kunoma yikuphi, i-IVF iyisinqumo sokuzithandela nesinye, owesifazane ngamunye kumele alinganise isifiso sakhe sokuba nomntwana kunokwenzeka kodwa imiphumela embi kakhulu.