Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokuvikela ekukhulelweni okungafuneki, kodwa ngamunye unemiphumela eyingozi. Ososayensi basebenza ngentshiseko ekwakheni isizukulwane esisha sezinzalo zokubeletha ezicabangela zonke ukwehluleka kwezindlela ezikhona.
Ososayensi basebenza ngentshiseko ekusungulweni kwezizalo zokubeletha eziphumelelayo kakhulu, okuzohlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuhle futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kungathinti injabulo yobulili bobabili abalingani. Manje ekuthuthukiseni kukhona amathuluzi amaningana akhethekile azovunywa maduzane ekukhiqizeni okuningi. Masizijwayele kusengaphambili.
1. Ukukhulelwa kwe-hormonal ekhulayo
Okwamanje, amakhondomu ayindlela ethandwa kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okulodwa, kodwa izikhundla zabo zobuholi zingase zishintshe ngokushesha. Ososayensi basebenzela ekwakheni ama-gel e-vaginal, aqukethe amahomoni amaningi. Bazodinga ukuphathwa amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kocansi noma asetshenziselwa ukukhulelwa okuphuthumayo. Kukhona futhi izinguqulo ukuthi lezi gel uma zisetshenziswe ngaphambi nje kokuba u-ovulation ingawumisa. Ososayensi basadinga isikhathi esiningi sokuthola imiphumela yalezi zimali nokuphepha kwabo, kodwa lo mbono uhle kakhulu.
2. Imishanguzo yokukhulelwa
Okwamanje, isisombululo sakhiwa, esizofakwa emzimbeni. Umgomo wayo oyinhloko ukuthelela i-hormone FSH emadodeni naseHCG kwabesifazane. Umgomo kufanele uhlale unyaka. Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka, njengoba ososayensi basesaba ukuthi kwenzeke imiphumela emibi, isibonelo, izifo ezithathelanayo nezifo kanye nezifo.
Uhlobo olusha lwendandatho yokukhulelwa
Indandatho yokubeletha "NuvaRing" isivele iyatholakala emakethe, esebenza inyanga. Umgomo ososayensi ukudala ukuhluka okusha okuzovikela owesifazane ekukhulelwe okungafuneki unyaka wonke. Indandatho encane (ububanzi obungaba ngu-6 cm) futhi igoba kahle, ngakho ingafakwa ngokuzimela.
4. Inguqulo entsha ye-vasectomy
Uhlobo olulodwa lokuvimbela ukukhulelwa kwabesilisa luchaza inzalo ephelele, okuyiwona okuvimbela khona amadokodo omzimba. Ososayensi basebenza ukudala "izithiyo" zesikhashana. Kuhlelo lweziteshi ukubeka i-polymer, kamuva, uma umuntu efisa ukuba ngubaba, angasuswa.
5. Ikondomu ephakeme
Amadoda amaningi akhononda ukuthi uma usebenzisa amakhondomu bazizwa bengakhululekile. Ukuze kulungiswe lokhu kungaphumeleli, ukuthuthukiswa kwakamuva, ikhondomu ye-origami, kuphakanyisiwe. Isici saso esiyinhloko ukuthi sigcwele i-accordion ephaketheni, ngakho ngeke ivumelane ngokuqinile epeni, kanjalo unciphise ukuzwa okungathandeki. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngentuthuko eyodwa - ikhondomu eyenziwe nge-hydrogel, esondelene kakhulu nezinzwa ezithintekayo esikhumbeni, kodwa inkulu, engabandakanyi ukukhishwa kwekhondomu.
6. Izimila ezisebusweni
Lokhu kuyisimo esimakethe emakethe yabesifazane yokukhulelwa, okuyinto intambo encane. Injected ngaphansi kwesikhumba sowesifazane, futhi i-hormone progesin iqala ukuyikhulula kuyo, eyeka ukukhulelwa ngokuqina umsila womlomo wesibeletho nokuvimbela i-ovulation. Uma lona wesifazane efuna ukukhulelwa, ukufakwa kwakhe kususwa kalula. Okwamanje ososayensi basebenzela ngokugcwele izimpande ezingasetshenziselwa izinto eziphilayo ezizoqedwa esikhathini esithile.
7. Amaphilisi okuyeka ukujula
Odokotela baseLondon baqaphele ukuthi ezinye izidakamizwa zengcindezi yegazi zinomthelela wokukhulelwa. Isenzo sabo ukuvimbela iziphazamiso zomzimba ezibalulekile ekuhambeni kwesidoda ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwesilisa lokuzala. Izidakamizwa zesizukulwane esisha zizokwazi ukuvimbela ukukhululwa kwesidoda, kodwa ngenkathi le ndoda izozwa i-orgasm. Izifundo zenziwa ukudala ithebhulethi ephumelela amahora amathathu emva kokungenisa futhi kancane kancane isuswe emzimbeni.
8. Ukukhulelwa kwesisu
Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, kwaziwa ukuthi umphumela wokushisa uthinta ukukhiqizwa kwesidoda futhi lesi sihloko ososayensi abanentshisekelo abasebenza ukudala ukukhulelwa okusha kwamadoda. Manje bahlola imithwalo eshisayo, ama-rugs kanye ne-ultrasound ukuhlola ukusebenza kwabo nokuphepha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenziwa ucwaningo ukuze kutholakale ukuthi ukushisa kuzobangela ukutheleleka nomdlavuza.
9. Ijelomu leHormonal
Ososayensi yenhlangano engeyona inzuzo basebenza ekwakheni i-gel ehloselwe ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle. Izoqukatha ama-hormone zokwenziwa, okuhambisana nemithi yokwelapha ngomlomo: progestin, estrogen, estradiol nezinye. Ijelomu le-hormone lizodinga ukuthi lisetshenziswe esikhunjeni sesisu esiswini somfazi kanye ngosuku. Okwamanje, abesifazane abangu-18 kuphela bahlolwe, futhi bahlala amasonto amathathu. Ngenxa yalokho, kwakungenzeka ukubeka ukuthi izidakamizwa zokucindezela izidakamizwa, kodwa uhlala uqiniseka ukuthi ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kokubeletha okusha.
10. Isizukulwane esisha se-diaphragms
Okokuqala, ake sihlaziye ukuthi yisiphi isikhalazo. Yisithuthuthu esithambile esithathwa yilo wesifazane esihlala esiswini ukumboza umlomo wesibeletho. Maduzane, imakethe iyoba yi-single-size diaphragm BufferGel Duet, ezokwenziwa nge-polyurethane. Esigodini kuyoba umuthi osebenza njenge-microbicide ne-spermicide. Olunye uvivinyo lomtholampilo lwe-SILCS ye-silicone diaphragm.
11. Izipulisi zokubeletha
Ekuthuthukisweni kukhona ama-aerosols, azoba nomthelela wokukhulelwa. Ukwakhiwa kwe-spray kuyoba isithasiselo sehlobo le-progestogen. Kuzodingeka ukuthi uyisebenzise nsuku zonke kusengaphambili, kusuka lapho uzongena khona egazini. Izivivinyo zibonise ukuthi, ngokungafani namathebulethi, i-spray inezimbangela ezimbalwa.
12. Amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha amadoda
Ososayensi bebelokhu besebenza iminyaka engaphezu konyaka ukudala amaphilisi azovimba ukukhiqizwa kwesidoda ngenxa yobukhona be-testosterone noma i-progesterone. Ngemuva kokuthi amaphilisi afinyelele zonke izifundo zokwelashwa, ukukhulelwa kwe-hormonal kuzokwakhiwa ngesimo se-patch, i-gel, implants kanye nama-injection.