Ukuzijabulisa kweNazism kule minyaka engama-30-40 yekhulu lokugcina ingenye yezenzakalo ezimbi kakhulu nezamanzi emlandweni. Bheka izithombe ezingavamile zomuntu owayephethe izenzo zobugebengu ngokumelene nesintu.
Isibalo esiyinhloko, umsunguli kanye nomphathi wendlela yokubonakaliswa kwephupho eligcwele igazi lamaNazi kwakungu-Adolf Hitler, ogama lakhe lalingumuso we-fascism noNazism kuwo wonke umhlaba.
Kulesi sihloko uzobona ukhetho olukhulu lwezithombe kusukela empilweni yalesi sihluku esabekayo kakhulu. Izithombe eziningi azivamile futhi zivele ekufinyeleleni komphakathi maduzane, lapho entwasahlobo zathengiswa ngaphansi kwesando kwenye yezintandokazi.
Uma ubheka ebusweni balo muntu, igazi liphuma libandayo futhi lihlanganisa ukuphazamiseka kokuqaphela ukuthi zonke izenzakalo ezimbi kakhulu - izigidi zokufa, izivivinyo ezingenasifo kanye nokuhlazeka kwabantu nabantwana - kwenzeka kuMhlaba wethu ngenxa yakhe.
Impande yobubi
Abazali bakaHitler, ubaba u-Alois (1837-1903) nomama uClara (1860-1907) babeyizihlobo ezinjalo, ngakho uyise wayenelungelo lokuthola umshado. U-Alois wayeyindoda enzima kakhulu enomlingiswa onzima, wayevame ukuhlela ama-debauchs adakiwe endlini futhi agwebe. Umama ongenabuhlungu wabona ukukhanya efasiteleni kuphela kumntanakhe omncane u-Adolf futhi wamnika uthando lwakhe kanye nokunakekelwa kwempilo. Wayengumntwana wakhe wesine, abathathu bokuqala bafa besencane ngenxa yokugula.
U-Adolf Hitler wazalwa ngo-Ephreli 20, 1889 e-Austria edolobheni elincane laseRanshofen.
Ubufakazi bemetric kaFihrer
Umfana kusukela ebuntwaneni bakhe esemncane wathola kahle, kunokuba ubaba engathandeki kakhulu futhi engafuni ukuhlanganyela kule ndodana. Umama, ngokuphambene nalokho, wazama ukuhlakulela ngemuva kwe-Aloysis amakhono omfana futhi wamhlakulela njalo ukuthi unethalente elikhulu futhi uzoba udumo. Ngesikhathi uyise ehlangana nemidwebo yendodana yakhe, wathukuthela wabe esecela laba bobabili ukuba bashise, lapho umkakhe ekhala ngokudangala, ukuthi wayephutha, indodana yakhe yayizobe idumile emhlabeni wonke. Futhi wayeqinisile, kodwa waba udumo hhayi ngemidwebo yobuciko.
Iminyaka yesikole ka-Adolf Hitler
Esikoleni sakhe, uHitler wayevelele ngezifundo zakhe ezinhle, izimfanelo zobuholi, futhi usevele eqala ukubonisa izimpawu zobuzwe nesifiso sokujoyina amaqhawe aseBoer. Konke lokhu wabonisa umbala emidwebo, ebonisa kubontanga bakhe. Njengoba izazi ziphawula, lokhu kuziphatha kungabangelwa ukuphikisana ngokomzwelo phambi kukababa onesihluku, owafuna ukulalela okungenasisekelo kusuka endodaneni yakhe.
Ngokusho kokukhumbula kuka-Alois the Jr., umfowabo kaHitler, u-Adolf wayehlonishwa ngesihluku futhi wayengathukuthela ngenxa yezizathu ezincane, wayengathandi muntu kodwa unina, futhi wayengumuntu obonisa ukuthi uyaphila. Wayephanga kakhulu - unina wamxosha u-Adolf kukho konke, wahlukana nalo.
Ukuqala kwendlela yombusi
UMunich 02.08.1914.Hitler emhlanganweni we-Odeonplatz ngenkathi kuqhutshwa ibutho laseJalimane ukuba lihlanganyele eMpini Yezwe Lokuqala.
Njengoba ekhula, uHitler wazama ukungena esikoleni sobuciko futhi wayeqiniseka ngokuphelele ukuthi uzophumelela ngaphandle kobunzima. Kodwa yini eyayimshaya lapho engabhalwanga, ethi imidwebo yakhe inhle, kodwa ayinelisekile esikoleni sobuciko, ngamakhono anjalo anconywa ukuba aye esikhwameni sobuciko. U-Adolf waqala ukuthukuthela, ukholelwa ukuthi isikole sisebenzise abantu abangenakulungiswa, abangesizo izindlela zokuhlola izinto ezinamakhono ngempela.
Kwaphela iminyaka eminingana ezama ukufaka izikhungo zemfundo yobuciko, kodwa yonke indawo wayenqatshelwa. Umzwelo womculi omuhle, owakhuliswa ngumama, akazange amkhathaze, nakuba empeleni kwavela ukuthi wayenalo talenta ehlelwa uthando lukaMama oluyimpumputhe.
Ngemuva kwemizamo engaphumeleli yokuba umculi, ukufa komama wakhe, ukusweleka nokuhlukumezeka, uHitler wazivolontiya emabuthweni aseJalimane, okwakhiqiza iMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Ngokombiko wamasosha akanye nawo, u-Adolf wayenesibindi, ethule futhi ephezulu, okwathi ngokushesha wathola isikhundla se-corporal enkonzweni, kodwa akazange anikeze isihloko esiholela kuHitler, ngoba wayebhekwa njengomculi omuhle kakhulu ongenalo izimfanelo zobuholi. Amasosha akanye nawo aphinde aqaphele inhlanhla yakhe: UHitler wayebuya njalo ehlathini ephila futhi engenalutho, ngisho noma iqembu lakhe lonke lihluliwe, futhi lapho kwenzeka ukulimala, kwakungelula futhi akusongeli impilo ye-Fuhrer yesikhathi esizayo.
Izithombe zangaphambili zikaHitler phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yokuqala
Phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, izinkolelo nezinkolelo zezwe lika-Adolf zakhula futhi ziqiniswa, futhi ngokukhuphuka nokuzibophezela. Ngesikhathi iJalimane iqala ukulahlekelwa nokuzinikela izikhundla, okwamanje, ngenxa yobumpofu nendlala, izimo zokuphikisana zaqala, okuyinto uHitler ayeyibheka njengokukhohlisa.
Kuyini iphutha lamaJuda?
Ukuqala kukaHitler ukukhuphukela ezombusazwe ze-Olympus ngo-1921
Ekupheleni kwempi, uHitler washiya umsebenzi wezempi, ongazange abe ngumsebenzi wakhe, kodwa wavumela ukuba abe nabantu abathandekayo, ababengabantu abangu-7 kuphela. Ngalaba bantu, uHitler waqala umsebenzi wakhe wezombangazwe, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi wabonisa amaphupho akhe. Wayefuna kancane: "ukuba abe yedwa umholi waseJalimane futhi aqale ukulwa namaJuda ayezondwayo, futhi abe isigqila emhlabeni wonke." Inzondo yamaJuda yavusa ukucabanga kwakhe okugula, u-Adolf wakholelwa ukuthi lesi sizwe sifuna ukuthatha amandla phezu kwezinye izizwe futhi senze ukuba singabi nalutho.
UHitler wayengeke aphikise amaSemite njalo; ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe kwakunabangane abangamaJuda abamsizayo ngezigaba ezihlukahlukene. Intukuthelo nenzondo yaqala ukukhula emva kokufa komama owayegula ngengculaza, nodokotela wakhe wayengumJuda. UHitler wabonga ngokuphindaphindiwe lo dokotela ngoba wazama ukuphulukisa unina ngangokunokwenzeka. Kodwa cishe, uHitler wayenentukuthelo engakunaki ngodokotela ngoba engasindisi unina, futhi nguye kuphela owakuthandwa uFührer, futhi ngemva kokufa kwakhe wadabuka kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, intukuthelo yakhula yaba inzondo enkulu kubo bonke abantu bamaJuda.
Impumelelo yokuqala kanye neBeri Putch
Umsebenzi kaHitler wanda ngokushesha emkhakheni wezombusazwe, wayengumkhulumeli omkhulu owakwazi ukugcina isixuku sibheke futhi siphumelele emibonweni yakhe.
Enkulumweni yakhe, isikhansela sesikhathi esizayo sagxila emibonweni yezwe lokubambisana kwabantu esasinqoba eJalimane emva kwempi nokuhlukunyezwa okwehlulekile okwaholela izwe ekukwenzeni izikweleti ezinkulu zangaphandle nokunciphisa kwezomnotho.
Ngesikhathi izilaleli zezilaleli eza eza enkulumweni zakhe zakhula zaba ngabantu abayi-2000, uHitler waqala ukucindezela amandla abo bonke abememezela ukunganeliseki: badonswa futhi bashaywa yiziphepho zakhe.
Ngaphandle kwezingqinamba ezinkulu eziphathimandla, u-Adolf waba nobudlova futhi wahlehlisa bonke ababhikishi ngokumelene nezenzo zakhe nemibono ngosizo lwawo wonke ama-self-defense units awakhiqizile, okwakukade echitha amasonto amahlanu ejele.
UHitler wabhalisa isipiliyoni kanye nokusekelwa kukaMussolini, umbusi wase-Italy, owaphumelela ngokuphumelela amandla e-Italy ngawo-1920 ngokudutshulwa nokuhlukunyezwa kokumelana.
Ubhiya "Burgerbroekeller" (1923), lapho i-Beer Putsch yaqala khona. Isithombe esivela ku-German Federal Archive
Thatha amasosha ahlomile enkonzweni yempi ngesikhathi seBeri Putsch. With the banner - Himmler
Ngo-1923, uHitler wahlela i-putsch eJalimane ukuthi ibambe amandla, okuthiwa "ubhiya". Ukuqothulwa kwamandla kwahluleka ngenxa yokungcwatshwa kwababalandeli bayo, nakuba ekuqaleni kwaphumelela. Phakathi nalezi zenzakalo, kwabulawa abantu abangu-18, kuhlanganise nabalindi namaNazi.
Ukuzalwa kwaMein Kampf odumile
U-Hitler waboshwa wabe esegwetshwa iminyaka emihlanu ejele njengomhleli wezingxabano ezinkulu, kodwa ngoDisemba 1924 wakhululwa ekuseni. Ejele, wabhala incwadi yakhe edumile yemibhalo yemiqulu eyaziwa ngamabhuku amabili, equkethe umlando wezemvelo kanye nomkhankaso wezombangazwe, owawubiza ngokuthi uMein Kampf, owahunyushwa kusukela e-German My Fight. Futhi ngonyaka oboshiwe, uHitler wayehlale ekhumbula amaphutha futhi wabona ukuthi isimo sikaMusolini sokuqothulwa kwamandla asizange sifanele eJalimane, futhi wakha uhlelo olusha lwesenzo.
Ekulingweni kukaLudendorff, kusukela kwesobunxele kuya kwesokudla: ummeli uHolt, Weber, uRuder General Ludendorff no-Adolf Hitler, ngo-1923
Ngemva kokukhululwa kwejele lase-Landsberg e-Landsberg eLech eBavaria, ngo-December 1924.
Amadokhumenti amabili ka-Adolf Hitler agcinwe ku-German Federal Archive: owokuqala imvume yokuphatha izikhali, okwesibili ubulungu obuqinisekisa isizwe sikaZwelonke sezombusazwe waseJalimane, njengomuntu wokuqala ngaphansi kwenombolo 1.
Inkulumo ka-Hitler ngaphambi kokhetho
Ukuhlangana kwamaNazi eJalimane eMunich ngo-1929
UHitler uyisikhulumi esihle kakhulu. Ukuqala kwama-1930, phakathi nomncintiswano wangaphambi kokhetho.
Isithombe se-1932.
Esikhathini sokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esisha seReichsbank (ibhange eliphakathi loMbuso WaseJalimane) ngo-May 1932.
Lapho uHitler ephuma etilongweni, wakha uhlelo olusha, ezombusazwe, ukuze afinyelele umgomo. Ukubala kwakhe kwakuzodlala emphakathini womphakathi kanye nesigaba esiphakathi, ngaleso sikhathi okwakubhekana nobunzima bezezimali, futhi sibeke ukucindezelwa eziphathimandla. Waqhubeka ehlela izinhlobo eziningi zokucasula.
Izinkulumo ngaphambi kwabasekeli
Esiqongweni samandla
Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-14 yokukhuphuka kwezempi ezenzweni zezombusazwe nezenzo zezombangazwe, ukhetho oluningana nokucindezela kuhulumeni waseJalimane, uHitler waqala ukubusa njengenxankulu ngoJanuwari 30, 1933. Imikhosi yalesi sigameko yabangela ukuqhuma okudumile kwe-torchlight eBerlin.
Akekho owayengacabange ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwesilwane ekuziphatheni kwabantu olunikezwe iziphathimandla. Eminyakeni yokugcina emncintiswaneni ongaphambi komakhetho, uHitler wafihla futhi wavimbela izifiso zakhe zokulwa namaSemite futhi wayefisa ukubhekana nezinyathelo ezinkulu zokubonakalisa umqondo wokuhlanza iJalimane nezwe emncintiswaneni wamaJuda.
I-Mass rally yamaNazi eBueckeburg, ngo-1934
Ukuvakashela esitokisini lakhe ejele lase-Landsberg ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi, lapho uHitler ebhala khona incwadi yakhe ethi "Mein Kampf" ngo-1934. G
Imidlalo yama-Olympic ngo-1936, abantu bokuqala baseJalimane banikeza ama-autographs
EBerlin ngo-1936, ukuhlaselwa kukaHitler eNkundleni Yonyaka Omusha nezivakashi ezikhona
Abashadikazi bamaNazi bomshado
Bonke abasemandleni abasiza uHitler ukuthola isikhundla esiphakeme kuhulumeni babecabanga ukuthi le "mbono weNazi" uzoba yisidonsa esbiwe ezandleni zabo, kodwa kungekudala babesekhokha ngokweqile futhi sebevele beqaphela iphutha labo elingenakulinganiswa.
Ekuphishekeleni amandla, uHitler wanquma ukunakekela impilo yakhe, ukuze abe nesikhathi sokusebenzisa imibono yakhe emibi empilweni, futhi ukholelwa ukuthi uzosindisa iJalimane. Ngakho-ke, i-Fuhrer yaba yizilimo zemifino yangempela, ngenxa yalokho yakha ngokuqinile imithetho yokuvikela izilwane nezinhlawulo ezinzima ngenxa yokuphulwa kwazo.
Ukuxhumana nezilwane
Umalusi waseBermany waseJalimane ozithandayo waseBermany
UHitler ne-Scotch Terriers yakhe
Ukuxhumana nezingane
Futhi, uHitler wayehlale ebonisa ukukhathazeka okukhulu ngezingane zaseJalimane njengekusasa lesizwe esihlanzekile.
Izenzakalo ezehlukene zokubusa kukaHitler
Isitatimende sokuqala esashiwo nguHitler njengenxansela mayelana nokuvuselela ibutho nokuvuselela amandla okulwa okugcwele, emva kwalokho kuzokwazi ukunqoba amazwe aseMpumalanga ngeJalimane yabo ephelele.
IBükkeburg, 1937. Usuku Lokubonga
Ukwakhiwa komgwaqo omkhulu
Imikhosi njalo
Reichstag, isinqumo senziwa ekuxhasweni okunokuthula kwe-Austria ngo-1938.
Ukulungiselela ukusebenza kwe-orchestra i-Leopoldhall Munich ngo-1938.
Ukuvakashela edolobheni laseGritslitz, elihlala okwesikhashana yi-Sudetenland ngo-1938.
Umhlangano wamaNazi eCzechoslovakia, idolobha lika-Eger 1938
Hitler embuthanweni wabalandeli base-Austria ngo-1939.
Izenzakalo kusasa sekuqhamuka kweMpi Yezwe II
Ukusebenza ngo-May wokuqala enkundleni ngo-1939.
Ngemuva kokubusa kukaHitler, leli holide lathola isimo esisemthethweni ngo-1933 - Usuku lwezeMisebenzi kaZwelonke.
UHitler enkundleni yemidlalo yaseCharlottenburg, ngoMeyi 1939.
Uhambo lokuqala lomkhumbi nguRobert Ley, uHitler ongena emkhunjini.
Ukuphuza itiye endlini yakhe e-Obersalzberg (i-Bavarian Alps) ngo-1939.
Ukuphakama kweMpi Yezwe II
I-Hitler izodla ngakwesokudla ngaphambili ngo-1940.
I-France ngonyaka wama-40
Wangena ezindabeni zikaHitler
UHitler no-Emmy no-Edda Goering 1940g.
U-Emmy ungumlingisi waseJalimane wemidlalo yaseshashalazini kanye ne-cinema, owesifazane wesibili kaHermann Goering, wayebhekwa ngasese njengowesifazane wokuqala waseJalimane. Kanye noMagda Goebbels (umkaNgqongqoshe wezeMfundo waseJalimane) waqondisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezenzo zokusiza. Unkulunkulukazi ka-Edda kwakunguHitler ngokwakhe.
Ukugubha uKhisimusi nabaholi bezempi baseJalimane.
U-Adolf Hitler wamukela ama-servicemen aseJalimane enkundleni yezindiza e-Uman.
Esithombeni, uHitler usemzini wase-Ukraine wase-Uman futhi wamukela amasosha akhe. Lapha, uHitler wangena lapho ehlolwa amabutho aseJalimane nabase-Italy ehlobo lika-1941.
Isipho esingokomfanekiso kuHitler ngesikhathi sokuthunjwa kweSarajevo.
Lethebhulethi, ilenga odongeni eduze kwebhuloho laseLatini, amasosha asuswe ngokushesha futhi adluliselwa ku-Fuhrer, ngokushesha ngemva kokuthunjwa kweSarjevovo, njengesibonakaliso sokunqoba kwabo nokusabalalisa kwamandla kaHitler kulezi zindawo.
Ukuvakashela esibhedlela izikhulu ezimele.
Hitler noGoebbels emhlanganweni wesigceme eBerlin
Nongqongqoshe weGoebbels. I-Poland. July, 1944.
Isipho sikaHitler kuya kuMarshal Goering - "The Lady ne Falcon" (1880).
I-Hitler's Picture Gallery
Zombili lezi zibalo kwakuyiziqoqo zemidwebo kanye neminye imisebenzi yabalobi abadumile, ngo-1945 ukuqoqwa kuka-Adolf kwakuyimidwebo engaphezu kuka-6000, i-Goering - engaphezulu kuka-1000. Izithombe zithengwa noma zithathwa yizisebenzi zomuntu ezombusazwe. Amalungelo kulezi zikhukhula aphikisana.
UHitler no-Eva Brown
UHitler ekuxoxweni kokusebenza kwe-Ardennes neGoering noGuderian ngo-Okthoba 1944.
Hitler kanye nezimpawu zakhe zokusebenzelana nemimoya
Ukuhlolwa kokubhujiswa ngemuva kokuqhuma kwamabutho aseSoviet, ukusabalalisa 1945.
Ama-frames amasha awakamuva
Lokhu kuyimifanekiso engavamile kaHitler ezinsukwini zokugcina zokuphila kwakhe, ngoba ngemva kokuhlaselwa okukhulu kwebutho lamaSoviet kumabutho ama-fascist amabutho aseJalimane, uHitler wakhetha ukuhlala esitokisini sakhe esingaphansi komhlaba.
Isithombe sokugcina phakathi nokuphila
Isithombe esivela ku-FBI, eU.SA. Ukushintsha okungenzeka ekubukeni kukaHitler emzamweni wakhe wokubalekela.
Ngokomthetho osemthethweni ngo-Ephreli 30, 1945, kanye nomkakhe Eva Braun, u-Adolf Hitler wazibulala. U-Eva washona ngemuva kokuthatha i-capsule enobuhlungu ngaphandle kwezibonakaliso ezibonakalayo ezinobudlova, futhi uHitler wadutshulwa kuqala umalusi wakhe othandekayo waseJalimane, wabe esezithumela inhlamvu ekhanda.
Ukufa kuka-Adolf Hitler
Ngokolwazi olusuka kulungu lomsebenzi kaHitler, usuku olulandelayo banikezwa umyalelo wokulungisa amathini kagesi ukushisa izidumbu. Ngo-Ephreli 30, 1945, uHitler, ehlangene nabantu abavela esivumelwaneni sakhe, washiya nomkakhe ekamelweni lakhe, kungekudala wadutshulwa. Ngemva kwesikhashana izinceku zibuke ekamelweni labo, lapho zibona khona isidumbu se-Fuhrer ngenxeba lokudubula ekhanda nesidumbu sika-Eva Braun ngaphandle kokulimala okubonakalayo. Emva kwalokho, bafaka izigqoko ezigqoke zempi, bathululela uphethiloli okwenziwe ngaphambili futhi babashisa, njengoba kwakunqunywe.
Esikhathini esithombeni isidumbu esithandwayo sihlolwe yizintatheli zaseSoviet.
Kodwa kukhona inguqulo uHitler, kanye noBrown, babalekela eNingizimu Melika, lapho behlangana khona nokuguga, futhi esikhundleni sabo bashiya izidumbu zamawele. Ngisho noStalin ngesikhathi sakhe wafaka phambili umbono wokuthi uHitler uphila futhi efihla ezihlanganyeleni.
Esithombeni, kuthiwa u-Hitler oneminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa nanhlanu ubudala ngesikhathi efa.