Ukuze kuzalwe izinhlanzi, kubalulekile ukudala izimo ezifanele zokugcinwa kwazo, ngakho ulwazi mayelana nokuthi yini edingekayo emanzini asekhaya awusizo futhi afanelekile. Kunamaphuzu ambalwa okubalulekile okufanele uwaqaphele, ukuthi amanzi esitsheni ahlala ahlanzekile isikhathi eside, kanti inhlanzi ayifuni.
I-Air Compressor ye-Aquarium
Ama-pisces akhiwe endaweni evinjiwe, okuholela ekungeneni kwe-oksijeni, futhi lokhu kakade kuthinta kabi isimo sezinhlanzi nezitshalo. Ngenxa yalokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi amanzi angashintsha ibe yisiphepho futhi bonke abakhileyo bayobhubha. Uma uzibuza ukuthi kungani udinga i-compressor emanzini, khona-ke le divayisi inikeza ukugcwalisa kwamanzi ngokomoya nge-oxygen. Ezitolo zesilwane, kukhona ukukhethwa okubanzi kwamadivayisi anjalo ahluke kumingcele ehlukene. Ukuthola ukuthi yini edingekayo emanzini asekhaya, kuyafaneleka ukuhlola uhlu lwezici ezibalulekile ze-compressor:
- Ukukhiqiza. Ngalesi ipharamitha, ungaqonda ukuthi ingakanani umoya i-compressor engakwazi ukushayela esikhathini esithile. Kuncike ekutheni uhlobo lwenhlanzi nenombolo yabo. Umkhiqizo omncane yi-0.5-0.8 l / h ngayinye ilitha lomthamo we-home aquarium.
- Izinga lomsindo. Kukhona i- compressors yangaphandle neyangaphakathi, ngakho-ke ukhetho lwesibili kuthathwa njengokuthula okukhulu. Qaphela ukuthi isibonakaliso "i-compressor ngokuphelele" singaba ukunyakaza kokukhangisa, ngakho-ke kudingeka uhlole konke ngokwakho.
- Amandla. Le parameter ayithinti kuphela ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, kodwa futhi ukusebenza. Ezimweni eziningi, i-compressors ethunyelwe inenani le-2-11 W. Qaphela ukuthi ngokujulile idivayisi iyazama, amandla ayo amakhulu.
Ukubuyisela kabusha i-Compressor ye-Aquarium
Ngokusho kwendlela yokuhambisa umoya, amadivaysi amabili ahlukene ahlukene, futhi i-piston eyodwa iyona ethandwa kakhulu. Iqhuma umoya ngokuhamba kwe-piston. Ukuthola ukuthi yisiphi isihlungi esingcono ku-aquarium, kufanelekile ukucabangela izinzuzo eziyinhloko zenguqulo ye-piston: impilo yesikhathi eside, ukusebenza okungazelelwe, ukukhiqiza okuphezulu nokukwazi ukuyisebenzisa kwamanzi amakhulu. Ngokuqondene nezinkinga, nazo ziyatholakala, ngoba amadivayisi e-piston adla amandla amaningi kagesi futhi ayabiza kunezinye izinhlobo.
I-membrane compressor ye-aquarium
Uhlobo lwesibili lwedivayisi luhlukile endleleni olusebenza ngayo, ngoba lunekamelo lomsindo kanye nokuhlukana kwengcindezi kubonakala kulo. Izinzuzo zayo zifani nokuhluleka kwe-piston compressor, ngoba kubelwe ukusetshenziswa okuphansi kwamandla kagesi futhi kungabizi kakhulu. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani i-compressor ye-aquarium, udinga ukucabangela ukungalungi kwenguqulo yekhanda, ngoba unamandla aphansi futhi unomsindo ophakeme.
Hlunga amanzi emanzini
Idivaysi eyenzelwe ukuhlunga amanzi emanzini asekhaya iyakhipha isilayidi, izakhi zamakhemikhali, izinsalela zefolda nezinye izinhlayiya ezingadingekile. Kunezinhlobo ezehlukene, isibonelo, izihlungi zepompo ze-aquarium zithandwa, kodwa ziqukethe ipompo, ezidingekayo zokugubha amanzi, kanye ngqo namathangi wokuhlunga. Amadivaysi athunyelwe ahlinzekwa ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi.
Ukuqonda okudingekayo emanzini asekhaya, kufanelekile ukuphawula isidingo sokunaka isihlungi sokugcwalisa. Into evelele yokuhlanza amanzi i-sponge ephuza ama-disk mechanical. Ngemva kwesikhashana, amabhaktheriya asebenzayo ahlala kuwo, okusiza ukuhlanza amanzi kusuka ku-nitrate ne-methane. Ukuhlanza kangcono kunika amalahle asebenzayo, kepha ngemuva kokushukela ngokweqile ngezinto ezinobungozi, kuqala ukuhlambalaza amanzi futhi kungaholela ekufeni kwezinhlanzi zonke. Kanye nokuhlanzwa kwemishini, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise ama-bio-fillers avela ku-ceramics amaningi.
Isihlungi sangaphandle se-aquarium
Lo mbono ubonakala njengebhokisi lapho kunezinhlaka ezibhekene nezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlunga. Izinzuzo zamadivayisi anjalo zihlanganisa izinga elihle lokuhlanza, elihlanganisiwe, impilo yesikhathi eside kanye nokungabi khona kwesidingo sokuhlanzwa njalo kwezakhi zesakhiwo. Ngokuphathelene ne-minuses, nazo ziyatholakala: intengo ephezulu, usayizi omkhulu kanye nobungozi bokuvuza, okuzoholela ekukhuculeni kwesakhiwo. Isihlungi sokulenga se-aquarium singaba:
- Isimisiwe (imvula yamanzi). Lolu hlobo lunezindlela ezimbili zokunikeza amanzi, ngakho-ke lungangena emkhunjini, luhlanjululwe futhi lubuyele emuva ngokushesha, futhi enye inketho - uketshezi oluphambanisa upompo, bese uphuma ngokusebenzisa umkhamo ongaphansi kwezinga lamanzi, elibukeka njengamanzi.
- I-Canister. Amadivaysi anjalo e-aquarium yasekhaya abukeka njengemiphongolo enezinsiza. Banekhono elingaphezulu lemidiya yokuhlunga. Amadivayisi we-canister angenza zonke izinketho zokuhlanza.
Isihlungi esingezansi se-aquarium
Idivaysi yalolu hlobo ihlanganisa uhlelo lwezinambuzane ezitholakala phansi bese zivaliwe nge grate ekhethekile, futhi zihlanganiswe nepompo eziphambanisa umoya nesihlungi. Ukunquma ukuthi yikuphi ukuhlunga okumele ukhethe ku-aquarium, kufanele ucabangele izinzuzo eziyinhloko zalolu khetho: ukujikeleza okuqhubekayo, isikhalazo sangaphandle, ukudala i-microclimate enhle, ukunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka nokuphuza ukungcola kwamanzi. Ungenza isihlungi esingezansi ngokwakho . Kukhona ukungalungi kule nqubo:
- ukwehluleka ukuhlanza emanzini nasezinhlakeni ezinkulu emhlabathini;
- Idivaysi ivalwe ngokushesha futhi yokuhlanza kuyadingeka ukuqeda ngokuphelele isakhiwo;
- Ukungakwazi ukusebenzisa emanzini asekhaya asezindaweni zasemakhaya ngezinhlobo eziningi ze-algae.
Isihlungi se-Airlift se-aquarium
Le nketho ibhekwa njengedivayisi ephansi kakhulu yokuhlunga. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-compressor ye-aerator ye-aquarium inezinzuzo ezibalulekile: intengo engabizi, okusebenzayo nokuthembeka kobuklamo. I-air-lift cleaner isebenza ngokuhambisa umoya we-compressor. Yenza imisebenzi eminingana ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngakho-ke umoya-mpilo uvuselela amanzi, ujikeleze uketshezi ngaphakathi kwesitsha bese ususa ukungcola okuyimishini. Qaphela ukuthi isihlungi sezindiza singenziwa futhi ngesandla.
I-Siphon yokuhlanza umhlabathi we-aquarium
Idizayini yedivaysi yokuhlanza inhlabathi yilapha elide ne-tube ekugcineni. I-Siphon yenza njenge-vacuum cleaner, okungukuthi, idonsela emanzini, inhlabathi kanye nosizi. Ekupheleni kwedivaysi kunesigxobo, ngakho-ke izinhlayiya zenhlabathi azihlanganisiwe ngaphakathi. Enye into ephathelene nokuthenga emanzini asekhaya ihilela ukukhetha i-siphon efanele:
- Imishini. Eziningi zemibukiso zinamapareli ngosizo lwamanzi agijima. Ekupheleni kwedivaysi kungumngcwabo noma i-cylinder esobala. Uma usebenzisa i siphon yomshini, udinga ukukhipha amanzi.
- Amandla. Ukuhlanzwa kwenhlabathi ye-aquarium isebenza kuma-betriri kanye nokugeleza ketshezi kule nguqulo akudingeki. Ayikho i-siphon ne-hose enjalo eyenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa. Ukungalungi kwalolu khetho kufaka ukungakwazi ukuhlanza i-aquarium ejulile kune-0.5 m.
Umhlabathi wokutshala izitshalo ku-aquarium
Lapho uhlobisa ama-aquarium asekhaya, abaningi basebenzisa izitshalo ezahlukene okudingeka ukhethe inhlabathi enhle.
- Enkampanini ekhethiwe, akufanele kube khona izingxenye ezihambisana nenqubo yokubola, isibonelo, i-humus, i-peat encane, i-loam nesihlabathi, encane kune-2 mm.
- I-substrate enomsoco ye-aquarium kumele ibe nekhono lokuqoqa nokudlulisa izinto ezinwabuzelayo ezimpandeni.
- Ukwakhiwa kwenhlabathi ye-aquarium kumele kube yinto ephazamisayo, ukuze amanzi asheshe afike emhlabathini futhi izimpande zithole umoya-mpilo. Ubukhulu obukhulu bezinhlayiya ngu-3-8 mm.
- I-primer akumele iqukathe amanani amaningi edwaleni, ngakho-ke ukuphendula okubuthakathaka kubhekwa njengento ekahle, okungukuthi, inani le-pH kufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-7.
- Imiyalo yalokho okudingekayo emanzini asekhaya akhombisa ukuthi izakhi akufanele zilimaze izimpande, i-clump nekhekhe.
Izitshalo zasekhaya ze-aquarium
Ekugcineni, i-aquarium ibonakala ikhangayo, ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwezimila ayikwazi ukuyenza. Imakethe inikeza izinhlobo eziningi zomphakathi eziphilayo futhi ezifakelwayo, ngenxa yokuthi ungadala izingoma zangempela ezifanele izinhlanzi ezikhethiwe nezinye izakhamuzi zasolwandle. Ukubukeka kokuqala kwezitshalo ezikhanyayo ze-aquarium, okuzokwenza itanki ngesikhathi esimnyama ikakhulukazi ikhangele.
Ukuhlobisa izitshalo ze-aquarium
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-algae ezifanele ukudala ukwakheka okuhle nokuqala. Ukufunda isihloko salokho okudingayo ukuthenga emanzini asekhaya, kufanele ucacise izinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu:
- I-peristyleist. I-Algae ineziqu ezincane, ezimbozwa ngamaqabunga angama-pinnate. Ukunciphisa kunconywa ngesihlabathi esihle.
- Anubias. Izitshalo eziphilayo ze-aquarium zinezimpande ezinamandla namaqabunga amaqabunga, ngakho-ke zilungile ngamathangi lapho kuphila khona izinhlanzi ezinwabuzelayo. U-Anubias uhlala ezimweni futhi engabizi. Njengoba kunikezwe uhlelo lwempande elinamandla, ungakwazi ukunamathisela ama-algae emadwaleni kanye nezinkuni zokudonsa.
- I-Krinum iyi-Thai. Isiko esiqinile samanzi asekhaya, okuyinto ngesikhathi esifanayo eneqabunga elinamandla futhi elibucayi. Zingaqedwa futhi ziboshwe ngisho nefindo. Tshala i-krill enhlabathini.
Izitshalo ze-aquarium ngaphandle kwenhlabathi
Amanye ama-aquarist awasebenzisi umhlabathi, isibonelo, ukukhipha isidingo sokuwuhlanza noma uma kukhona izinhlanzi ezithanda ukuzinqamula. Kulesi simo, kunconywa ukuba ukhethe izitshalo ezihamba phambili ze-aquarium, ezihambayo.
- Riccia. Lezi zinhlobo ze-algae zinesimo esicacile nombala obala obala. Ngezinhlanzi ezincane, lokhu kuyoba indawo yokukhosela enhle, kanye nezinhlanzi ezinkulu - umthombo owengeziwe wokudla.
- Pistia. Kubantu lokhu isiko ngenxa yokufana kwangaphandle kuthiwa iklabishi yamanzi. I-Pistia ikhula kahle, kodwa ebusika ukukhanya okungeziwe kuyadingeka kuyo.
- I-Elodea yiCanada. Isiko sinobuthi, ngakho-ke kudingeka uqaphele uma usufaka endaweni yokuhlala ekhaya. Ukuze imizimba yamanzi ayingozi.
- Egeria. Inhlobo enhle kakhulu ye-algae engakhula, kokubili emhlabathini futhi ngaphandle kwayo.
Izitshalo eziwusizo emanzini
Kunezinhlobo ezithile zezitshalo ezingeke zenze umsebenzi wokuhlobisa kuphela, kodwa futhi zizozuzisa.
- I-Hornwort. Kunconywa izitshalo zokutshala kule aquarium, ngoba amaqabunga alezi zinhlobo ze-algae ahlanza umoya. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-turbidity yenziwa ebusweni bayo, okumele ihlanzwe ngezikhathi ezithile.
- I-Wallisneria. Lolu hlobo lwe-algae lunegalelo ekugcwaliseni uketshezi lwamanzi nge-oksijeni, kanti futhi kuthatha ingxenye esebenzayo ekujikelezeni izinto eziphilayo nezimila, kokubili emanzini nasemhlabathini.
Ukwenza ama-aquariums nezitshalo zokufakelwa
Ukuzikhethela ekutshaleni izindawo ezikhohlisayo kwenziwa ezimweni eziningi uma kunezinhlanzi ezinkulu nezinhlanzi emanzini asekhaya lapho kungekho sikhathi sokunakekela izimila eziphilayo noma lapho umkhumbi wenza umsebenzi wokuhlobisa kuphela. Izinkinga zihlanganisa isidingo sokusebenzisa indlela eyengeziwe yokubhujiswa kwe-nitrate, ephikisana nezilwane eziphilayo. Ukuze unqume ukuthi yiziphi izitshalo ezisetshenziselwa ukuzisebenzisa, kufanelekile ukucabangela izinzuzo zezitshalo zokufakelwa:
- Ukutholakala kokubanzi, nezitshalo eziningi zinekhwalithi ephakeme futhi, zibukeka zibonakala zingokoqobo.
- Imikhiqizo yokufakelwa ingabizi, futhi izohlala isikhathi eside.
- Ngokungafani nezindawo zokuhlala, izinhlobo zokufakelwa azidingi ukunakekelwa okungeziwe, okungukuthi, ukukhanyisa okuhle, ukudla okunomsoco nokunye okunjalo.
- Izinhlanzi azifisi imikhiqizo yokufakelwa, futhi ngeke zibabhubhise, ngakho ungakha ukwakheka okuhle.