Kuzo zonke izigaba zemithi okuzobhekana nazo njalo ngezikhathi ezithile, ama-antibiotic abhekwa njengabawodwa kakhulu. Naphezu kokuthi kuthinta umzimba kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kosizo lwalezi zidakamizwa. Nge-pneumonia, isibonelo, ama-antibiotics kuphela anganikeza usizo oluphumelelayo ngempela futhi avimbele imiphumela engalungile yesifo.
Ama-antibiotic akhethwe kanjani nge-pneumonia?
Ukuvuvukala kwamapayipi kungenye yezifo ezinzima kakhulu futhi ezisongela ukuphila. Amagciwane akhe abalulekile amagciwane, amabhaktheriya, isikhunta. Nge-pneumonia, isifunda sephaphu siyeka ukusebenza, okuyinto, okwamanje, engamukeleki emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, lesi sifo sidinga ukwelashwa okuphoqelekile. Ukubhekana nezinkinga ezifanayo namagciwane angasebenzisa kuphela ama-antibiotic.
Ngokumangazayo, ngisho namanje abantu baqhubeka befa nge-pneumonia. Kubalulekile ukuqonda: ngokushesha uma uqala ukwelapha isibhamu, izifo ezincane zokulwa namanzi kufanele uphuze futhi zikhuphuke amathuba okuthola kabusha. Imithi kumele imiswe ngumchwepheshe emva kokuhlolwa okuphelele.
Ngaphambilini, i-penicillin kuphela eyayisetshenziselwa ukulwa ne-pneumonia. Kwakungekho okunye okunye, akudingeki ukuthola imithi ehlukile. Manje konke kushintshiwe: izinambuzane ezinobungozi eziyingozi ziye zahlakulela ukumelana ne-penicillin, ikhambi seliye laphela ukusebenza, futhi kufanele lifune umuntu ngamunye esikhundleni sakhe ngesiguli ngasinye.
Indlela ama-antibiotics azophatha ngayo ukuvuvukala kwemaphaphu kunqunywe empirically. Ngakho-ke kudingeka ulungele ukuthi imithi yokuqala yokwelapha (ngisho ekhethiwe ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yocwaningo) kungenzeka ukuthi ayifanele. Ukufaka esikhundleni se-antibiotic kuyadingeka uma kwenzeka ukuthi ngemuva kokuphela kwezinsuku ezintathu noma ezine, umphumela wayo awubonakali. Kuxhomeke ekukhethweni kwemithi kusuka:
- izinhlobo zesifo;
- izimbangela ze-pneumonia;
- ukuzwela komzimba izidakamizwa;
- ngaphambilini kuthathwe ama-antibiotics.
Yimaphi ama-antibiotics okwelapha i-pneumonia?
Ama-antibiotics aphatha noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-pneumonia. Ezimweni eziningi, ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokugcwele ngaphansi kokuqondiswa okuqhubekayo kochwepheshe. Ukuze ukwandise ukuphumelela kwenkambo yokwelashwa, ama-antibiotics wezinyathelo eziningi ezenzelwe ukwenziwa iziguli.
Ngokushesha ngemva kokutholakala ukuthi i-pneumonia iyatholakala, ama-antibiotic anqunywe ngamajojo. Ukuphathwa kwezidakamizwa ezingenayo i-intramuscular and intravenous kuvumela ukulondoloza imithi ephakeme yama-antibiotics egazini, ngenxa yokuthi ukulwa namabhaktheriya kunamandla kakhulu. Uma isiguli siqhubeka nokuchitshiyelwa, i-antibiotics enqunyiwe emaphilisi.
Namuhla, ekwelashweni kwe-pneumonia, lawa ma-antibiotics asetshenziswa:
- I-Avelox;
- Ciprofloxacin;
- Amoxiclav ;
- I-Augmentin;
- Loxoph;
- Levofloxacin;
- I-Tavanik;
- Kuhlanganiswe;
- Ceftriaxone;
- I-Fortum;
- I-Targoside;
- Meronem nabanye.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uphuze yonke inkambo futhi ungayiphonsa imithi eceleni. Uma kungenjalo, lesi sifo singabuyela maduzane.
Imvelaphi yalesi sifo ayinqumi nje ukuthi yimiphi imithi elwa namagciwane okufanele idliwe nge-pneumonia, kodwa iphinde ivumele ukukhethwa kwemithi ehambisanayo. Ngakho-ke, ngokusuka kwefungumane ye-pneumonia ngokufana nemithi elwa namagciwane, kuzodingeka futhi uphuze ama-agent antifungal akhethekile. Uma ukuvuvukala kwamapayipi kubangelwa amagciwane, izidakamizwa ze-antiviral zengezwa inkambo yokwelashwa.
Ama-antibiotics emzimbeni anamandla kakhulu. Ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, buthaka amandla omzimba wokuzivikela futhi kuthinte kabi i-microflora yamathumbu. Ukuthi kwakungekho izinkinga nge-dysbacteriosis, okufana ne-antibiotics kuyadingeka ukwamukela ama-probiotics .