Wonke umama wesikhathi esizayo unesithakazelo sokwazi ukuthi umntwana wakhe uqala kanjani, ukuthi ubheka nobani futhi angakwenza ngamagama ahlukene okukhulelwa. Njengamanje, ngenxa yokuthi kukhona indlela enjalo yokuxilongwa njenge-ultrasound, umama ozayo angakwazi ukwazi ingane yakhe ngisho nangaphambi kokuzalwa. Umsebenzi wendaba yethu ukucabangela ukuthuthukiswa kombungu wamasonto nezinyanga.
Izindlela zokuthuthukiswa kombungu womuntu
Kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi intrauterine ukuthuthukiswa komuntu kungenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili: umbryonic nezithelo. Inkathi ye-embryonic ivela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuze kube sevikini lesishiyagalombili lokukhulelwa, lapho umbungu uzuza izici zabantu futhi zonke izitho nezinhlelo zibekwe phansi. Ngakho-ke, ake sicabangele izigaba eziyisisekelo zokuthuthukiswa kombungu womuntu. Isiqalo ekuthuthukiseni umbungu womuntu wamasonto ukukhulelwa kweqanda ne- sperm.
Kunezikhathi ezilandelayo zokuthuthukiswa kwe-embryonic:
- Isigaba se-zygotic sifushane futhi sihlala kuze kube mzuzu wokuhlukaniswa;
- isigaba se-blastocyst. Kuleli sigaba, ukuphindaphinda okusebenzayo kwamaseli kwenzeka, okuholela ekwakheni ithubhu enomuntu ngaphakathi;
- isiteji sokugcoba kubonakala ngokuguqulwa kombungu kusuka kumuntu oyedwa kuya embryo amabili (u-ectoderm ne-endoderm);
- isiteji se-obosablivaniya sibonakala ngokuhlukaniswa kwezitho nezinhlelo zokuthuthukiswa kwazo.
Emasontweni ama-3 okukhulelwa, i-protrusion yenziwa eceleni, okuyinto eyaba yilabhu ye-neural. Ukuqina kwe-craneal ye-tube ye-neural kunikeza intuthuko ebuchosheni, futhi intambo yomgogodla ivela kuyo yonke indawo ye-neural tube.
Evikini le-4 lokukhulelwa komzimba wombungu kwenzeka, i-tissue kanye ne-organ formation isungulwa.
Ukuthuthukiswa kombungu evikini lesi-5 kubonakala ukubonakala kwezingxenye zokuphatha.
Ekuthuthukiseni umbungu ngamasonto ayisithupha, phawula ukubunjwa okuqhubekayo kwezibambo kanye nokuqala kokubunjwa kwemilenze.
Ukuthuthukiswa kombungu emasontweni angu-7-8 kubonakala ukwakheka kweminwe kanye nokuthola ukubonakala komuntu.
Ezimweni ezichazwe, izici eziningi ezithinta ukuthuthukiswa kombungu ziyabonakala. Kuyaziwa ukuthi phakathi kwabokubhema nabesifazane abasebenzisa utshwala, umbungu uhlala ngemuva kokuthuthukiswa.
Izindlela zokuthuthukiswa kombungu nesisu
Ngemuva kwamaviki angu-8 okukhulelwa, umbungu ubizwa ngokuthi i-fetus futhi uqhubeka nokuthuthukiswa kwawo, ngalesi sikhathi ingane isisisindo sama 3 amagremu nobude buka 2.5 mm. Ngeviki lesishiyagalombili yentuthuko, inhliziyo yengane iyashaya futhi inhliziyo ye- fetal ingabonakala kwi-ultrasound.
Ngeviki le-9-10 lezokuthuthukiswa, ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwesimiso senhliziyo, isibindi kanye nama-bucts kuyaqhubeka, futhi uhlelo lwe-urinary ne-pulmonary luyakha ngokuqinile. Kulesi sigaba sokuthuthukiswa, sekukhona izitho zangasese, kodwa azikakabonakali ngokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound ngenxa yobuncane besisu.
Ngeviki le-16 lokukhulelwa, ubude be-fetus bufinyelela ku-10 cm, i-placenta ne-umbilical cord kakade isakhiwe futhi umntwana manje uthola konke okudingekayo ngabo. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, i-fetus ihamba ngamandla esibelethweni, idonsa ngomunwe bese i-swallows,
Sihlolisise ukubunjwa kwe-embryo amasonto, sibone indlela ukuthuthukiswa kwezitho kanye nezinhlelo, ukuthuthukiswa kwemisebenzi yamapayipi ayisisekelo.