Hlola isimo samathambo athambile nezitho zangaphakathi kunzima ngaphandle kwezinqubo ezikhethekile zokuxilonga. Ukuskena kwe-resonance magnetic ingenye yobuchwepheshe obuningi bokufundisa ukuthola idatha edingekayo yezokwelapha. Lokhu ukuphathwa okuphephile nokungenabuhlungu okungenani okungenani kokuphikisana.
Izinhlobo zezifundo ze-MRI
Inqubo ehlongozwayo ihlukaniswa ngokulandela indawo kanye nendlela yokuphenya. Ukwengeza, izinhlobo ze-MRI zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu kuye ngokuthi ingxenye yomzimba ihlolwe. Izinhlobo ezikhona zokuxhaphazwa kwamagnetic resonance:
- i-angiography ;
- i-spectroscopy;
- i-perfusion;
- ukusakaza;
- ucwaningo olusebenzayo.
I-Tomography ingenziwa ngokusungulwa kwesisombululo sokuhlukile. Lona uketshezi olukhethekile lwezokwelapha olunezinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali ezenza umehluko phakathi kwezicubu ezinezakhiwo ezahlukene. Ngenxa yezinto ezihlukile, isifundo sinokwethenjelwa futhi sinembile, futhi isibonelo segciwane elithwetshiwe linokuningiliziwe ngangokunokwenzeka.
I-MRI angiography
Uhlobo olunikeziwe lomcimbi luhlinzeka ngolwazi oluphelele mayelana nemithambo yegazi. I-magnesium resonance angiography (i-MRA) isekelwe umahluko phakathi kwezimpawu zamaprotoni eselula we-fluid eziphilayo kanye nezicubu ezizungezile ezizungezile. Le nqubo ayisizo nje kuphela ukuthola i-pathologies kwisakhiwo semithanjeni nemithambo yegazi, kodwa futhi ukuhlola ukujula nokuvinjelwa kokugeleza kwegazi.
Lokhu kucabangela ukukhanya kwemvelo kuyindlela ejwayelekile yokuthola izicubu zesifo somdlavuza (eduze kwezingubo zokugcoba isisindo se-vascular sanda). Ngalolu daba, ama-metastases angatholakala futhi izinga lokuhluma kwabo ezithombeni nasezigumbini eziseduze zinganqunywa. I-Angiography yemikhumbi ye-cerebral iyingxenye ebalulekile yezokwelapha eziyinkimbinkimbi zemivimbo . Kwezinye izimo, kuyasiza ukuthola ukuthi kungani imbangela ye-migraines.
UMR-spectroscopy
Lolu hlobo lwenqubo luyadingeka ukuze kutholakale ukuthi izifo zobuchopho zisanda kutholakala (ngokuyinhloko) nezinye izitho. Ngisho nangaphambi kokubonakala kwezibonakaliso ezithile ezakhiweni, izinqubo ze-metabolic ziphazamiseka. I-imagery resonance imaging (MRI) isiza ukukhomba ngisho nezindawo ezincane ezinokuqukethwe kwezinto ezithinta izinto ezihlukahlukene eziphilayo. Ezimweni eziphuthumayo, i-blood or plasma spectroscopy yenziwa.
UMasipala ukukhipha
Ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwezitho zangaphakathi kuncike kakhulu ekunikezeni igazi. Lezi zithombe zokukhipha i-magnetic resonance zenzelwe ukuhlola ukuphuma kwe-volumetric kanye nokusheshisa okukhulu kwe-biological fluid, umsebenzi nokulungiswa kokuphuma kwamanzi. Ngosizo lwaso, udokotela kulula ukuhlukanisa izicubu ezishintshiwe nezempilo, ukuthola ukuphulwa emisebenzini yabo. I-Perfusion imagination resonance imaging isetshenziselwa ekwelapheni imivimbo ye-cerebral ischemic. Ngalolu cwaningo, ungathola ukuthi ubukhulu bomonakalo walo bukhulu kangakanani.
UMM ukusakaza
Inqubo yokuhlonza eyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke futhi eyinkimbinkimbi evumela ukuthi uthole ulwazi oluphakeme mayelana nesimo samangqamuzana, izibilini zazo. I-apparatus yamagnetic resonance ibhalisa izinga lokuhamba kwamakhemikhali amanzi emathisini. Uma ezindaweni ezithile ihluke kulokho okushiwo, isifundo sizosiza ekutholeni imbangela kanye nobukhulu bokuqhubeka kwe-pathology.
Esikhathini esidlule, i-MRI-diffusion yomzimba wonke yenziwa, ikakhulukazi uma kwakudingeka ukuhlukanisa izifo eziningana. Esikhathini semithi yesimanje, uhlobo oluhlosiwe lokuhlolwa lusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwezigameko ze-ischemic kanye nokuhlaselwa okwesikhashana. Ubuchwepheshe obuphakeme busetshenziselwa ukuxilongwa komdlavuza we-cancer, kuhlanganise nezigaba ezinzima zomdlavuza onama-metastases amaningi.
Ukufaneka kwe-imagination ye-resonance magnetic
Lesi sifundo senzelwe imisebenzi elandelayo:
- ukukhomba isikhundla somuntu ngamunye wezifunda zobuchopho;
- ukutholakala kokukhubazeka kwesakhiwo sesigungu;
- ukuhlola umsebenzi wezindawo zobuchopho obhekene nokubona okubonwayo, inkulumo nezinye izenzo.
Ukuhlukahluka okunikeziwe kwe-MRT ukuxilongwa okusebenzayo, kusekelwe ekuqiniseni ukujikeleza kwegazi ezindaweni ezisebenzayo zobuchopho. Phakathi nenqubo, isiguli siyacelwa ukwenza imisebenzi ekhethekile evuselela umsebenzi wezingxenye eziphenywe zesimiso sezinzwa eziphakathi. Ngemuva kwalokhu, ukutholakala kwezithombe zamagnetic resonance kanye nemiphumela yokuxhaphazwa ekuphumuleni kuqhathaniswa. Ukuxilongwa okunjalo kuyadingeka ukuthi kungabonakali nje kuphela ukuhlolwa kwamathambo, kodwa nokuhlola ukuphumelela kokwelashwa kwayo.
I-MRI - izinkomba zokuhlolwa
Le nqubo inqunywe izifo eziningi zezingaphakathi zangaphakathi ukucacisa ukuxilongwa okuyinhloko. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zeMRI zihlanganisa ukuphazanyiswa ekusebenzeni kwezinhlelo ezilandelayo:
- ukwesaba (ephakathi nendawo);
- isifo senhliziyo;
- ukuzala;
- i-musculoskeletal;
- Ukugaya (ngaphandle kwezifo zesisu nesisu);
- i-vascular;
- i-urinary tract.
Ukufaneka kwemifanekiso emagnetic kuyadingeka ikakhulukazi kulezi zifo:
- ukulimaza ebuchosheni;
- izicubu ezinonya nezonobungozi, izidakamizwa;
- ukungavamile kwemithanjeni nemithambo yegazi;
- ithambo eliyinkimbinkimbi elahlekile ;
- izinguquko ezinamahloni emajoyini.
Yini ebonisa i-MRI?
Imiphumela yale nqubo ibukeka njengesithombe esilandelayo sezingxenye eziphenywayo ezindizeni eziningana nama-angles. Izakhiwo zomzimba ezingabonakali ngaphandle kokufakiwe okuhlinzekwa ngokuqondile zibonisa ukuboniswa kwemifanekiso emaginini - ukuxilongwa kunikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nokusebenza kwazo zonke izinhlelo zomzimba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhwabanisa kwe-hardware akuyona into evamile futhi ayibuhlungu ngokuphelele.
Ukucatshangelwa kwe-magnontic magnetic of the brain
Ubuchwepheshe obuchazwe yindlela kuphela yokuhlola ngokucophelela izicubu nemithambo yegazi yesitho esemzimbeni emzimbeni womuntu. Ukucatshangelwa kwe-magnontic resonance yobuchopho isetshenziselwa ukuxilongwa:
- ukulimaza nokulimala ngokuphuma kwegazi kwangaphakathi;
- izifo zenhliziyo;
- izicubu, kuhlanganise neoplasms ye-cerebellar node yendawo;
- izilonda ezithathelwanayo zesimiso sezinzwa eziphakathi;
- ukuwohloka kokuzwa, inkulumo kanye neminye imisebenzi yobuchopho;
- ukungavamile kokuthuthukiswa kwamathambo;
- izimo ezixubile;
- isithuthwane;
- i-migraines ;
- i-pituitary adenoma;
- I-multiple sclerosis;
- i-edema;
- i-pathologies engxenyeni ye-skull;
- i-sinusitis ;
- izifo ze-neurodeergenerative.
I-imagination resonance yamagnetic yomgogodla
Ukutadisha uhlelo lwe-musculoskelet kungenzeka ngosizo lwe-X-ray, kodwa kuphela ukuxhaphazwa okwethulwa kuzovumela ukutadisha isimo somgogodla. Kule nkinga, ukucabanga kwe-resonance magnetic inikezwe ukuthola:
- ukungabikho kokuzalwa kwangasese;
- i-arthrosis yezingxenye zesici;
- izifo ze-vertebrae;
- ukucindezela ngokweqile kwentambo yomgogodla noma izimpande zayo zesisindo;
- izicubu;
- izilonda ezithathelwanayo;
- isisu somgogodla womgogodla;
- ukulimala;
- ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezithambile;
- umonakalo emagqumeni omgogodla;
- ikhanda lemvelaphi engachaziwe (imaging magnontic resonance yomgogodla wesibeletho);
- I-pathologies yemithambo yegazi;
- i-osteochondrosis;
- i-hernias;
- ama-disc protrusions;
- i-spondylosis ;
- ukukhubazeka;
- iziphakamiso;
- izifo ezidonsayo.
I-imagination ye-magnontic resonance yesigxobo esiswini
Leli fomu locwaningo lisiza ukuxilonga cishe zonke izifo zesimiso sokugaya, ngaphandle kwezilwane zesisu namathumbu. Ukwandisa ukuhlolwa okuqondile kwesimo kanye nokusebenza kwezicubu, i-MRI ngokuhlukile iyaconywa. Inqubo iqinisekisa ukutholakala kwezifo eziningi zezinhlaka ezilandelayo:
- isibindi;
- isitha;
- amaconsi amancane nezindawo eziseduze;
- ama-pancreas.
Ukuhlaziywa magnetic resonance tomuclear nyukliya ngokuningiliziwe kubonisa isimo semithwalo lymphatic negazi. Lokhu akusizi nje kuphela ukucacisa ukusebenza okulungile kwezitho zokugaya, kepha futhi ukubona noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesakhiwo ekuqaleni kwezinyathelo zokuqhubeka. Indlela ehlongozwayo nayo iyadingeka ukuze kuhlaziywe ukwelashwa kwamanje.
Ukufaneka kwe-magnetic resonance yezinso
Izivivinyo zomchamo we-laboratory, ukuxilongwa kwe-ultrasound kanye ne-X-ray, ngisho nangenhlanganisela, unganikeli ulwazi oluphelele mayelana nesimo se-excretory system. I-MRI yezinso kanye ne-adrenal gland ehlangene nokuskena kwesikhumba futhi amadokodo ayo asiza ekudaleni:
- noma yiziphi izicubu;
- ukuguqulwa kwamathuluzi;
- ama-cysts ;
- izinqubo zokuvuvukala;
- ukungasebenzi;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo;
- izithako (amatshe) nesihlabathi.
Ukufaneka kwe-magnontic resonance yezitho zomzimba
Ngokwenza umkhuba wezinkinga zomzimba kanye nesolological, kuvame ukudingekile ukucacisa ukuxilongwa okucindezelayo noma ukulungisa inkambo yamanje yokwelapha. Ukufaneka kwe-magnontic resonance ye-pelvis encane kunqunywe kula macala alandelayo:
- izifo eziphilayo;
- ukulimala kwangaphambilini;
- ukungabikho kokuzalwa kwangasese;
- ukungabi nabesilisa nabesilisa;
- ukuphuma kwegciwane;
- i-endometritis;
- i-adnexitis;
- i-vesiculitis;
- i-prostatitis;
- ukukhubazeka kwamathanga;
- i-adenomyosis;
- i-myoma.
Ukufaneka kwemifanekiso ye-magnetic yenhliziyo
Uhlobo lokuxhaphazwa oluchazwe lusetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukuqinisekisa ukusola kokutholakala kwezidumbu. I-MRI yenhliziyo ibonisa izinkinga ezinjalo:
- amacebo;
- ukuhamba kwemithambo emikhulu;
- i-thrombosis;
- izicubu;
- ukungasebenzi kwesistimu yenhliziyo;
- i-fibromas;
- i-metastasis ye-neoplasms kwezinye izitho;
- i-cardiomyopathy;
- i-atherosclerosis;
- i-pericarditis;
- ama-cysts;
- ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo.
Kukhona i-tomography yamagnetic resonance prophylactic. Kunconywa iziguli ezilungiselela noma ezithinta umthambo we-coronary bypass ukuhlanganiswa kanye nokungenelela okuhlinzekwa okufanayo. Le nqubo isiza ukuhlola ukusebenza kwegazi futhi inqume izici ezinkontileka zenhliziyo. Ngosizo lwaso, ukulawulwa ngokuphelele kwenqubo yokuvuselela kwenziwa.
Ama-imaging ama-resonance ama-magnontic
Lolu hlobo lokuskena lunikeza udokotela ngolwazi oluphelele ngesakhiwo salezi zakhiwo, isimo sezikhwama zempahla kanye nezikhwama ze-synovial. I-MRI yamajoyina yenziwa nge-pathologies enjalo ye-musculoskeletal system:
- i-bursitis;
- i-synovitis;
- i-arthritis;
- i-tendonitis;
- i-arthrosis;
- Isifo sikaHoff;
- izinqubo zokuvuvukala emgodleni ohlangene;
- i-osteochondropathy;
- I-cyst Baker;
- i-neoplasms yezinto eziphilayo;
- ukulimala;
- i-dropsy;
- i-hemarthrosis;
- amaqoqo amanzi;
- Izinguquko ezimatheni kanye nemigqa;
- izinyembezi ze-meniscus nezinye.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-magnontic resonance kukhishwa ngokwengeziwe ngosuku olulandelayo nangemva kokusebenza okusebenzayo kumalungu. Le nqubo kusiza ukuhlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuphela kwe-endoprosthetics, khetha ukufakelwa okuhle futhi uyifake ngokufanele. Ngemuva kokusebenza, ukuskena kwenziwa ukuze kuqashwe ukusebenza kwe-prosthesis kanye "nesilinganiso sokusinda".
I-MRI - ukuphikisana
Ucwaningo olwenziwe aluvunyelwe ngokuphelele ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- ukutholakala kwe-pacemaker;
- izimpande ze-elektroniki noma ze-ferromagnetic zendlebe ephakathi;
- izinto zensimbi emzimbeni (izingcezu, izinhlamvu kanye nokunye okunjalo);
- isiqalo sokuqala sokuthoma;
- Izimila ezinkulu noma izakhiwo ezingenakususwa ezenziwe ngensimbi.
Ukuphikisana okuhlobene:
- iziqeshana ze-hemostatic;
- i-insulin amaphampu;
- ukuvuselela izinzwa;
- i-valvular prosthesis yenhliziyo;
- ukwesaba ukuhlala esikhaleni esivinjelwe (claustrophobia);
- izimila ezingenayo i-ferromagnetic;
- ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo ekuchithweni kwemali;
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
- isimo esinzima kakhulu somuntu;
- isidingo sokuqapha okuqhubekayo ngokomzimba;
- ama-bracket systems nama-dentures ezenziwe ngensimbi;
- ama-tattoos, agqoke ngombala esekelwe kumakhemikhali amakhemikhali ensimbi.
Uhlu luyanwetshwa uma i-MRI ihleliwe ngokuhlukile - izinkomba zokuphikisana ziyafakwa ngezinto ezilandelayo:
- ukubhebhetheka komzimba kwezinye izingxenye zokwakhiwa kwezidakamizwa ezinikezwe;
- i-hematopoietic anemia;
- ukuhluleka kwezinso ezingapheli;
- ukukhulelwa (noma yiliphi igama).