Isiqubulo esithi "Umbhede we-Procrustean", njengoba umuntu angaqagela kusukela esihlokweni, weza kithi kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, lapho umbhede ubizwa ngokuthi umbhede, ngokuqondile - kusuka eGrisi lasendulo, izinkolelo ezanikeza izilimi eziningi izingxenye zamagama. Lesi sikhathi esiphezulu sathola izincazelo eziningana, ososayensi baze bathola nokuthi igama lomnikazi ligcinwe yiGenesen kuphela kwesinye sezimo ezihlukahlukene.
Umbhede we-Procrustean - incazelo ye-phraseology
Njengombhalo wezinhlamvu, umbhede we-Procruste uwuphawu lwesilinganiso esithile, uhlaka lapho omunye ezama ukuphoqa othile noma into ukujabulisa izindinganiso ezamukelwe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le ngqungquthela izuze izincazelo eziningana:
- Izimo ezivimbela inkululeko.
- Izikhathi ezenza kube nzima ukwenza izenzo ezidingekayo.
- Iphutha elinengqondo eliphazamisa incazelo ebalulekile.
- Iqiniso eliqinisiwe, elinikezwe inzuzo yomunye umuntu.
Omunye umbhede we-Procrustean uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi umbhede ongenakukhathazeka, kodwa lokhu kuyindlela elula futhi evame kakhulu. Emakhulwini eminyaka alandela, abalobi abaningi basebenzisa lolu daba emaphephandabeni amaningi nasezincwadini. Umbhede we-Procrustean - isibonelo sokusetshenziswa eSaltykov-Shchedrin, wabiza ukuthi izincwadi zesikhathi sakhe zidinwe embhede we-Procrustean wokunciphisa ukuhlaziywa kwamahloni.
Umbhede we-Procrustean - yini lokhu?
Ebhekene nezinkolelo zamaGreki, umbhede we-Procrustean indawo yokuphumula lapho umphangi we-Procrustes ebeka khona abahambi futhi wamhlukumeza. Welula lezi zincane ngokukhula, kodwa wanciphisa abade abaphethe inkemba, beka izinyawo. Kukhona inguqulo yokuthi kwakukhona imibhede emibili enjalo ne-sadist:
- Ukwelula umzimba, njengalokhu ku-rack.
- Ngentaba ephephile ukusika izandla nezinyawo.
Ubani u-Procruste?
Izindaba ze-Procruste zihluke kanjani. Kusukela emlandweni kuyaziwa ukuthi wayeyindodana kaPoseidon unkulunkulu, owakhetha indawo yokuhlala indawo eduze komgwaqo ovela eTresen waya e-Athene. Ngokusho kolunye ulwazi, i-lair of Procrust yayise-Attica, endleleni ephakathi kwe-Athens ne-Megara. Ngenxa yobuthakathaka bakhe, u-Procrustes wabizwa ngokuthi oyedwa wezigungu eziyingozi kakhulu eGrisi. Imithombo eminingana ikhuluma ngamagama amaningana ala sadist:
- I-Polypemon (okubangela ukuhlupheka okuningi).
- IDamaseku (ukunqoba).
- I-Procop (truncate).
Kukhona inguqulo uPretrust eyayiyindodana kaSinis, eya kubazali bayo: wahlasela abahambi futhi wabhidliza izicucu, wabopha eziqongweni zezihlahla. Abanye abacwaningi bathi uSinis akayena indodana yomphangi owaziwayo, kodwa yena ngokwakhe, amaGreki kuphela ngesizathu esithile esungula igama elithile le-sadist negama elingavamile lokuhlukunyezwa, elibizwa ngokuthi "umbhede we-Procrustean". Ukusekela lo mbono - ukuthi uSinis wabulawa yi-hero efanayo noM Procrustes, lokhu kuqinisekiswa yimithombo ehlukene.
Umbhede we-Procrustean - inganekwane
Kusukela kulezi zindaba kunzima ukuqonda ukuthi kungani ummemezeli u-Procruste ecabangela "ukuzijabulisa" okunjalo ngokuthola izivakashi, kodwa lo mshini wadala okokuqala. Ngahlangana nabahambi, ngimema ukuba baphumule futhi bahlale ubusuku, kodwa esikhundleni sombhede okhululekile bawela esihogweni. I-Topchang Procrusta yayiyindawo yokuhlushwa, isidumbu somboshwa esigxotsheni esithembekile. Uma ngabe isisulu sasiyisimiso esincane, umphangi wayeseyilula, njengokungathi ehlezi. Uma umhambi efika phezulu, uPretrust wayenqume izandla zakhe nezinyawo, ekugcineni - ikhanda lakhe. Ngendlela enhle kangaka, inkosi yazama ukulinganisa loboshwa ebhokisini.
Ubani owabulala i-Procrustes?
Izinganekwane zithi inkosi, eyahlula iPretes, yaqamba igama likaLeus, umbusi wase-Athene, omunye wamaqhawe amakhulu aseGreece. Kusolakala ukuthi siseduze nomfula uKeifis, lapho iqhawe libeka izinto e-Attica, libhubhisa izilo nezidumbu. Ngokombiko owodwa, lawa ahlangana nomphangi ngengozi, futhi wacishe wawela esicupheni sakhe. Ngokwezinye izinguqulo, wayefuna isigebengu ngenjongo yokuyeka izenzo zakhe ezimbi, okuyinto uMustrust ayengazi. Ukuqhubeka kulezi zengqondo, izincazelo ze-exploit ze-Theseus ziyahlukahluka:
- Inkosi yawela esicupheni, kodwa yakwazi ukusika izibopho ezinenkemba engapheli, eyayibulala iMinotaur. Wabe esexosha u-Procrusta embhedeni waqeda ikhanda lakhe.
- ULeusus wayazi ngalolu cingo oluhle, wakwazi ukuphoqa umnikazi kwi-topchan. Futhi lapho lezi ziqeshana zitholwa, waqeda ikhanda lakhe, elingazange lilingane embhedeni. Le ndaba yaphakamisa enye inkulumo ethi: "mfushane ekhanda."
Umbhede we-Procrustean wezobuciko
Ngenxa yokubaluleka kwayo, lokhu ku-aphorism kwagxila esihlalweni sobuciko bomuntu siqu . Kuthiwani "umbhede we-Procrustean" ekuchazeni abantu bezobuciko? Le nkulumo ivame ukukhunjulwa manje, uma ifuna ukugcizelela ukuthi:
- akunakwenzeka ukushayela ubuciko zibe yizinkolelo ezamukelekayo;
- Amafomu amisiwe aqinekile aqeda ukubaluleka nokubaluleka kwanoma yimuphi umdalwa;
- Akunakwenzeka ukulungisa ngokuphelele zonke izimo ngaphansi kwezindinganiso ezizimele.